Table Of ContentCardiac CT Made Easy
Cardiac CT Made Easy
An Introduction to
Cardiovascular Multidetector
Computed Tomography
Third Edition
Edited by
Paul Schoenhagen MD
Imaging Institute and Heart & Vascular Institute
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, Ohio
Frank Dong PhD, DABR, FAAPM
Imaging Institute, Section of Medical Physics
Cleveland Clinic
Cleveland, Ohio
Third edition published 2023
by CRC Press
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© 2023 selection and editorial matter, Paul Schoenhagen and Frank Dong; individual chapters, the contributors
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Schoenhagen, Paul, editor. | Dong, Frank, editor. Title: Cardiac CT made easy : an
introduction to cardiovascular multidetector computed tomography / edited by
Paul Schoenhagen, Frank Dong.
Description: Third edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis, 2022. | Includes
bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “Cardiovascular Computed Tomography has a
prominent role in the diagnosis and management across a wide spectrum of clinical indications.
With a focus on visual material, the 3rd edition has been carefully revised and updated to
include recent developments in CT scanner technology and clinical indications for imaging
specialists and clinicians”-- Provided by publisher. Identifiers: LCCN 2022015561 (print) | LCCN
2022015562 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367721480 (hardback) | ISBN 9780367721473 (paperback) |
ISBN 9781003153641 (ebook) Subjects: MESH: Cardiovascular Diseases--diagnostic imaging |
Tomography, X-Ray Computed--methods | Atlas Classification: LCC RC670 (print) | LCC RC670
(ebook) | NLM WG 17 | DDC 616.1/075--dc23/eng/20220412 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.
gov/2022015561LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022015562
ISBN: 9780367721480 (hbk)
ISBN: 9780367721473 (pbk)
ISBN: 9781003153641 (ebk)
DOI: 10.1201/9781003153641
Typeset in Minion
by KnowledgeWorks Global Ltd.
Contents
Foreword vii
Editors ix
Contributors xi
Section 1 Basics of Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) 1
Chapter 1 Introduction to Cardiovascular MDCT Imaging 3
Chapter 2 CT Perspective of Normal Cardiovascular Anatomy 5
Chapter 3 Technical Aspects of Multidetector Computed
Tomography 19
Section 2 Clinical Cardiovascular Applications 37
Chapter 4 Cardiac Chambers and Myocardial Disease 39
Chapter 5 Pericardial Disease 59
Chapter 6 Valvular Heart Disease 69
Chapter 7 CT Planning and Guidance for Transcatheter
Interventions 79
Chapter 8 Coronary Arterial and Venous Disease 87
Chapter 9 Pulmonary Vascular Disease 117
Chapter 10 Aortic Disease 125
Chapter 11 Peripheral Artery Disease 159
Chapter 12 Cardiac Masses 163
Chapter 13 Adult Congenital Heart Disease 173
References 193
Index 205
v
Foreword
Driven by constant technical improvement, cardiac Computed Tomography (CT) continues
to find ever broader applications in cardiology. From cardiovascular disease prevention
to the management of patients with suspected coronary artery disease, from the support
of electrophysiology procedures to coronary and structural interventions, and from the
emergency room to specialized clinics: many areas of cardiovascular care benefit from the
capability of cardiac CT to provide high-resolution anatomic and functional information.
There is no doubt that contemporary cardiology practice relies heavily on the imaging
information provided by CT and most certainly, applications of CT imaging in cardiovascular
medicine will continue to grow.
New CT technology, optimized acquisition protocols, dedicated image reconstruction
algorithms, and advanced image processing methods have introduced both increased
applicability, but also somewhat added complexity to cardiac CT. This is why the third edition
of Cardiac CT Made Easy comes at the right time. Written by clinical experts with enormous
experience, the book follows a clear and concise style and comprehensively covers all relevant
areas of coronary and vascular disease, heavily illustrated by representative images.
I would like to thank and congratulate the authors for the creation of this most welcome
third edition and for their contribution to the field. Readers across the world will benefit from
the clinically relevant information that is provided in such a succinct form. Ultimately, the
book will contribute to the further development of cardiac and vascular CT to enhance the
care of countless patients.
Stephan Achenbach, MD, FESC, FACC, MSCCT
Professor of Medicine
University of Erlangen
Erlangen, Germany
vii
Editors
Paul Schoenhagen MD, is Professor of Radiology at Case Western University, Cleveland
Clinic Lerner College of Medicine. He is a staff physician in the Department of Diagnostic
Radiology and in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine. His clinical interest is focused
on cardiovascular imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
He received his initial clinical training in internal medicine and radiology in Stuttgart,
Germany. This was followed by a residency in internal medicine and fellowships in
cardiology and in cardiovascular tomography at Cleveland Clinic. Dr Schoenhagen
was appointed to Cleveland Clinic in 2003. He has published numerous original and
review articles in leading peer-reviewed journals. He has been invited to present his clinical
experience and research at medical symposia and conferences in Japan, China, Europe, and
nationally.
Frank Dong PhD, DABR, FAAPM, is a staff diagnostic physicist and an Associate Professor
of Radiology at the Cleveland Clinic. Dr Dong received his PhD in medical physics from the
University of Wisconsin-Madison. Dr Dong’s specialty is in the field of CT image quality, CT
radiation dosimetry, and diagnostic ultrasound. He has authored and co-authored 38 peer-
reviewed articles, 3 book chapters, 15 patents, and 88 national and international meeting
abstracts/presentations. His clinical research is focused on low contrast lesion detectability
with advanced CT reconstruction algorithms, as well as the impact of metal artefact reduction
on low contrast lesion detection using custom-designed arthroplasty phantom. Dr Dong is the
co-investigator of an industrially funded research project involving evaluation of image quality
and diagnostic efficacy of a photon counting CT (PCCT). He currently serves as the Director
for the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Diagnostic Review Courses.
He also serves as the AAPM representative to the writing group of the American College of
Radiology (ACR)–AAPM Technical Standard for CT Performance Monitoring. Dr Dong
is a Fellow of AAPM, a member of the American College of Radiology, and the Intersocietal
Accreditation Commission (IAC) CT Board of Directors.
ix
