Table Of ContentCancer Vaccines
From Research to Clinical
Practice
Cancer Vaccines
From Research to Clinical
Practice
Edited by
Adrian Bot, MD, PhD
Chief Scientifi c Offi cer, Kite Pharma, Inc.,
Los Angeles, California, USA
Mihail Obrocea, MD
Head, Clinical Development–Oncology,
Abbott Biotherapeutics Corporation, Redwood City, California, USA
and
Francesco Marincola, MD
Chief, Infectious Disease and Immunogenetics Section,
Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center; Associate Director,
Trans-NIH Center for Human Immunology, National Institutes of Health;
Director, CC/CHI FOCIS Center of Excellence; President Elect,
Society for the Immunotherapy of Cancer; President Elect,
International Society for Translational Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Published in 2011 by Informa Healthcare, Telephone House, 69-77 Paul Street, London EC2A 4LQ, UK.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cancer vaccines : from research to clinical practice / edited by Adrian Bot,
Mihail Obrocea, Francesco Marincola.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-84184-829-7 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Cancer vaccines. I. Bot,
Adrian. II. Obrocea, Mihail. III. Marincola, Francesco M.
[DNLM: 1. Cancer Vaccines--therapeutic use. QZ 266]
RC271.I45C42 2011
616.99’4061--dc23
2011017121
For corporate sales please contact: [email protected]
For foreign rights please contact: [email protected]
For reprint permissions please contact: [email protected]
Typeset by Exeter Premedia Services Private Ltd., Chennai, India
Printed and bound in the United Kingdom.
The editors dedicate this book to all translational researchers, drug developers,
clinicians, and entrepreneurs, who never gave up on the concept of active
immunotherapy for cancer as a viable and promising option for oncology
patients, for the present and future.
Contents
Contributors ix
Foreword xiv
Preface xv
1. Introduction: Cancer vaccines—mechanism and a clinical overview 1
Antoni Ribas and Adrian Bot
2. Revisiting the paradigm on the putative need for antigen-specifi c
responses in cancer 9
Gail D. Sckisel , Julia K. Tietze, and William J. Murphy
VACCINE PLATFORMS FOR GENITO-URINARY CANCERS, WITH POTENTIAL
APPLICABILITY TO OTHER TUMORS
3. Development of novel immune interventions for genito-urinary cancers 25
Neeraj Agarwal and Nicholas J. Vogelzang
4. Autologous cellular immunotherapy in late-stage prostate cancer:
The development history of Sipuleucel-T (PROVENGE®) 44
David L. Urdal and Mark W. Frohlich
5. Design, development, and translation of poxvirus-based vaccines for cancer 56
Benedetto Farsaci, Anna Kwilas, and James W. Hodge
VACCINES FOR SOLID CANCERS AND HEMATOLOGICAL MALIGNANCIES
6. Of mice and men (and dogs!): The fi rst approved cancer therapy vaccine 78
Philip J. Bergman and Jedd D. Wolchok
7. Recombinant protein vaccination for antigen-specifi c
cancer immunotherapy 87
Pedro de Sousa Alves and Vincent Brichard
8. Antigen-targeted synthetic vaccines for metastatic cancer 103
Zhiyong Qiu, David C. Diamond, Kent A. Smith, Dar Rosario, Sabrina Miles,
Mihail Obrocea, Thomas M. Kundig, and Adrian Bot
9. Clinical perspectives in cancer vaccines for hematological diseases 126
Maurizio Chiriva-Internati, Leonardo Mirandola, Marjorie Jenkins,
Martin Cannon, Everardo Cobos, and W. Martin Kast
10. Epitope-based vaccines for cancer 140
Vy Phan-Lai, Denise L. Cecil, Gregory E. Holt, Daniel R. Herendeen,
Forrest Kievit, Miqin Zhang, and Mary L. Disis
VACCINE DEVELOPMENT: TRIAL DESIGN AND IMMUNE ASSAYS
11. Emerging clinical trial design concepts for therapeutic cancer vaccines 150
Cristina Musselli, Leah Isakov, and Kerry Wentworth
CONTENTS
12. T-cell immune monitoring assays to guide the development
of new cancer vaccines 156
Cedrik M. Britten, Sylvia Janetzki, Cécile Gouttefangeas, Marij J. P. Welters,
Michael Kalos, Christian Ottensmeier, Axel Hoos, and Sjoerd H. van der Burg
13. A biomarker-based, systems biology approach guiding the
development of active immunotherapies and immune monitoring 167
Glenda Canderan, Peter Wilkinson, John Schatzle,
Mark Cameron, and Rafi ck-Pierre Sekaly
EMERGING NEW VACCINE STRATEGIES, TARGETS, AND ADJUVANTS
14. Targeting regulatory T cells and other strategies to enable cancer vaccines 182
Christopher Paustian, Shawn M. Jensen, Sarah Church, Sachin Puri,
Chris Twitty, Hong-Ming Hu, Brendan D. Curti, Walter J. Urba,
Raj K. Puri, and Bernard A. Fox
15. Molecular targeting of cancer stem cells 202
Zhenhua Li, Debraj Mukherjee, Jang-Won Lee, and John S. Yu
16. RNA in cancer vaccine therapy 217
Smita Nair, David Boczkowski, Scott Pruitt, and Johannes Urban
17. Induction of innate immunity by nucleic acids: A potential
adjuvant for cancer vaccines? 232
Bo Jin and Anthony E. T. Yeo
NEXT-GENERATION HYBRID ACTIVE/PASSIVE IMMUNOTHERAPIES
18. Passive immunotherapy by T cell–engaging bispecifi c antibodies 250
Patrick A. Baeuerle and Benno Rattel
19. Antibodies to peptide–HLA complexes have potential application
for cancer diagnosis and therapy 263
Jon A. Weidanz and William H. Hildebrand
Index 277
viii
Contributors
Neeraj Agarwal Assistant Professor of Medicine, University of Utah, Huntsman Cancer
Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
Patrick A. Baeuerle Senior Vice President, Chief Scientifi c Offi cer, Micromet AG, Munich,
Germany
Philip J. Bergman Chief Medical Offi cer, BrightHeart Veterinary Centers, Armonk, NY, USA;
Adjunct Associate, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
David Boczkowski Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,
NC, USA
Adrian Bot Chief Scientifi c Offi cer, Kite Pharma, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA
Vincent Brichard Vice President, Cancer Immunotherapeutics, GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals,
Rixensart, Belgium
Cedrik M. Britten Johannes Gutenberg–University Mainz, Department of Internal
Medicine III, Division of Experimental Oncology, and Ribological GmbH, Mainz, Germany
Mark Cameron Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA
Glenda Canderan Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA
Martin Cannon Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for
Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
Denise L. Cecil Senior Fellow, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle,
WA, USA
Maurizio Chiriva-Internati Director of Basic Research, Director of Translational Research,
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and
Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
Sarah Church Laboratory of Molecular and Tumor Immunology, Providence Cancer Center,
Portland, OR, USA
Everardo Cobos Division of Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences
Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
Brendan D. Curti Clinical Research, Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles
Research Institute, Providence Cancer Center, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland,
OR, USA
Pedro Miguel de Sousa Alves Senior Scientist, Cancer Immunotherapeutics, GlaxoSmith-
Kline Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium
David C. Diamond MannKind Corporation, Valencia, CA, USA
Mary L. Disis Professor, Division of Oncology, University of Washington; Seattle Cancer Care
Alliance, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA