Business Telecom Systems: A Guide to Choosing the Best Technologies and Services

443 Pages·2000·14.162 MB·\443

by  Kerstin Peterson (Author)

Business
Telecom Sy
Guide to
Choosing
and Services
Taylor & Francis Group
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
By Day P
K e r s t i n
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
First issued in hardback 2017
© 2000 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
ISBN 13: 978-1-138-41235-4 (hbk)
ISBN 13: 978-1-57820-041-2 (pbk)
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CONTENTS
Contents
Telecom Basics
1 Introduction
2 The History of the Telephone...................................................15
3 The Telecommunications Act of 1996, the Local Loop and
CLEG (Competitive Local Exchange Carriers) ..................41
4 Consultants and Subcontractors.................................................49
5 Choosing a Dealer........................................................................57
Communications Systems and Hardware
6 The Secondary Market................................................................65
7 How to Install a Phone System.................................................71
8 Key Systems .................................................................................79
9 Private Branch Exchanges (PBX) ............................................91
10 Communications Servers.........................................................101
11 Repeaters and Routers..............................................................107
12 Centrex Service ........................................................................Ill
13 Call Center Technology...........................................................121
14 Phone System Equipment List ............................................131
An easy-to-use list of key systems PBXs and communications servers,
by manufacturer
15 Phone System Manufacturer List..........................................135
Major phone system and comms server manufacturers’
contact information
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CONTENTS
Cabling and Wiring
16 Basics and Standards................................................................141
Color codes, types and kinds of wire and categories
17 Structured Wiring Systems.....................................................163
18 Telemanagement......................................................................167
PC-based software systems for organizing and tracking your phone
system and structured wiring system
19 Wiring Diagrams........................................................................171
Color-coded diagrams for common jack and modular plug wiring.
Adjuncts and Add-Ons
20 Fax................................................................................................175
Basic fax technologies, fax protocols, and standars, plus fax on
demand (FOD) and fax servers
21 Voicemail.....................................................................................195
22 Interactive Voice Response (IVR) and Auto Attendants ..207
23 Call Accounting ........................................................................213
24 Power Protection ......................................................................219
How to protect and condition your communications systems
Provisioning and Transport Services
25 Trunks, Dialing Plans and Local Service.............................227
26 T-l Carriers.................................................................................239
27 Long Distance Services...........................................................247
The North American Numbering Plan (NANP), international calling,
The Prescribed Interexchange Carrier (PIC), Charge CIC (carrier
identification codes) and dial-around, toll-free services, and how to
buy long distance services
28 New Area Codes........................................................................259
Splits vs. overlays
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CONTENTS
29 Area Codes List........................................................................263
An updated list of new area codes.
30 Analog Transmission, Multiplexing and Circuits ..............375
Frequency division multiplexing, central office trunks,
analog private lines, tie lines and direct inward dialing
31 Signaling and ANI
(Automatic Number Identification)............................................281
Color-coded diagrams for common jack and modular
plug wiring.
32 Data Communications, Digital Voice and the OSI Model 287
Digital voice, analog to digital conversion,
pulse code modulation (PCM), SNA and SDLC,
plus signaling system 7 (SS7) and Internet standards
33 Integrated Digital Services Network (ISDN)....................301
34 Frame Relay...............................................................................313
35 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) .................................323
36 Digital Subscriber Line (xDSL)............................................335
37 Computer Telephony Integration (CTI).............................351
38 Voice Over the Internet or Intranets ....................................363
The Internet Protocol
39 Unified Messaging....................................................................379
40 Enhanced Services Platforms.................................................383
International callback and calling cards
Reference and Templates
41 Sample Design Keysheet .......................................................391
42 List of Agencies and Organizations ......................................393
43 Glossary.......................................................................................399
All of the technical terms in this book, defined.
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TELECOM BASICS

CHAPTER I / INTRODUCTION
Introduction
The telecommunications infrastructure that exists in a handful of
high-income countries includes 71% of the world’s phone lines
and supports only 15% of the world’s population. The least and
lesser-developed countries of the world, with more than 77% of
world population, have only 5% of the world’s phone lines. More
than half of the world’s nearly six billion people have never even
used a phone.
Telecommunications equipment giant Lucent Technologies Inc.
predicts the global market for communications systems and ser­
vices will grow 14.5% annually to $650 billion by 2001.
It’s impossible to predict what the telecom market will look like
in three to five years. The technological and regulatory changes
underway are unprecedented. One thing you can count on is that
the technology will continuously improve and that technology
and services will spring up, and quickly.
Bringing phone service into a business is basically twofold.
There’s the provisioning, the outside part (how you connect to
everyone else in the world you want to communicate with) and
there’s the equipment you use to make the connections.
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