Table Of ContentBusiness, Society and Global 
Governance
Business, Society and Global Governance is a thoroughly revised and up-
dated new edition of Building Business–Government Relations: A Skills Ap-
proach to ensure this successful book continues to be the go-to textbook 
introducing US business–government relations in the institutional context 
of the United States. Written from a practitioner’s perspective, it provides 
historical, descriptive, and comparative accounts of the public and private 
sectors, the different roles government plays with business (including several 
conceptual models to contextualize the two sectors), and various economic 
policies associated with business. Business–government relations are con-
sidered through three different social economic contexts: the socio-political 
arena, local economic development, and the global market.
This new edition includes:
•  Extended coverage of the role of nonprofits
•  The Trump “era” and effect of the Biden presidency
•  The positive and negative effects of technology in society and the in-
creasing role of disinformation
•  COVID and the role of government in crises.
In the course of discussion, a set of skills, such as searching government 
jobs, starting a business, analyzing stakeholders, ethical reasoning, advanc-
ing a business agenda, leveraging public resources, contracting with gov-
ernment, interpreting global trends, doing business abroad, and leveraging 
international resources, are introduced and exercised.
Anna Ya Ni is the Associate Dean and Professor of public administration at 
the Jack H. Brown College of Business and Public Administration at Cali-
fornia State University, San Bernardino. She has published over 20 research 
articles in journals, such as Public Administration Review, Journal of Public 
Administration Research and Theory, American Review of Public Administra-
tion, and International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Educa-
tion. She serves on the Board of American Society of Public Administration
(ASPA), Section of Science and Technology in Government (SSTIG), and 
the Inland Empire Chapter.
Montgomery Van Wart is a Professor in the Department of Public Adminis-
tration at California State University, San Bernardino. He served as Chair 
of his department and Dean of the College of Business and Public Adminis-
tration. He has authored 11 books including Dynamics of Leadership, Lead-
ership in Public Organizations, Administrative Leadership in the Public Sector 
(with Dicke), and Human Resource Management in Public Service (with Ber-
man, Bowman, and West). He has over 100 publications and has been a dis-
tinguished visiting professor at KU Leuven, the University of Hong Kong, 
Rutgers, and the University of Ireland.
Business, Society and Global 
Governance
A Skills Approach
Second Edition
Anna Ya Ni and Montgomery Van Wart
Cover image: © Getty Images
Second edition published 2023
by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
and by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2023 Anna Ya Ni and Montgomery Van Wart
The right of Anna Ya Ni and Montgomery Van Wart to be identified 
as authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with 
sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or 
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, 
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including 
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or 
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks 
or registered trademarks and are used only for identification and 
explanation without intent to infringe.
First edition published by Routledge 2015
ISBN: 978-1-032-01439-5 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-01432-6 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-17862-0 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003178620
Typeset in Times New Roman 
by codeMantra
Contents
Preface  vii
Acknowledgments  ix
Introduction  xi
PART I 
Introduction to Business–Government Relations  1
  1  Comparing the Roles of Business and Government  3
  2  Theories  about Business–Government Relations in Society  50
THOMAS McWEENEY
  3  Historical Development of Government’s Roles with Business  78
  4  Economic Policies  117
JONATHAN ANDERSON
PART II
Business–Nonprofit–Government Relations in  
the Sociopolitical Arena  151
  5  Protection of Consumer, Employee, and the Environment  153
ANN JOHNSON
  6  Corporate Social Responsibility: Doing Well and Doing Good  194
KIMBERLY COLLINS
  7  Business’s Involvement in Government  219
ALEXANDRU ROMAN AND JOSHUA STEINFELD
vi  Contents
  8  The Third Sector—Nonprofit Organizations  253
SHARON PIERCE
PART III
Business–Government Relations in Economic Development  279
  9  Economic Development  281
 10  Industrial Development  310
 11  Public Entrepreneurs and Privatization  340
PART IV
Business–Government–Nonprofit Relations in the Global Market  373
 12  Globalization and Free Trade  375
 13  Examples of and Challenges for Trade Regimes in the World  399
 14  Business and Global Governance  430
MARC FUDGE
Index  465
Preface
The textbook you hold in your hands, Society, Business and Global Govern-
ance, has been crafted in such a manner as to be a comprehensive read for 
both upper- and lower-division undergraduate business students. It offers 
the reader a thorough understanding of government’s roles with business 
and the skills necessary to create and maintain successful relations with 
government. At the same time, it defines the roles business can play with 
government that are compatible with its own needs to achieve corporate 
objectives  and  fulfill  corporate  responsibilities.  This  book  approaches 
 business–government relations from the practitioner’s perspective and is in-
tended for both private and public professionals.
Having taught business and government students at various universities 
over the course of many years, the authors have observed that there is both 
an aversion to theory and a strong desire to learn “how to” skills. Although 
theory will help students understand the complex social interactions be-
tween the two sectors, the applied nature of the field demands mastering 
the practical skills required to make informed choices and manage complex 
activities.
There are a few overarching themes that drive the content of the manu-
script: a practical approach integrates the political, economic, and social 
theories with business and government practices; an interdisciplinary per-
spective reflects reality in practice; and of course, a concentration is evident 
on the much-wanted skill-building.
Our overall approach to this book is to intrigue readers into resolving 
practical problems, each of a different nature in the field. We introduce 
these as the text progresses, after general historical, institutional, and theo-
retical knowledge is acquired.
The contents of this textbook have been taught and exercised in a series of 
upper-division undergraduate business classes with proven success. Regard-
less of whether you are a business, public administration, history, or biology 
major, the knowledge and information you find in this book will be valuable 
as a citizen and probably in your career as well.
Acknowledgments
Many persons have contributed to the preparation of this book. We would 
like to give special acknowledgment to Paul Suino, our close working part-
ner, for his invaluable editorial assistance in writing the book. We are in-
debted to the Department of Public Administration at California State 
University, San Bernardino, where the book was conceived, nurtured, and 
supported. Special thanks to contributing authors, such as Jonathan An-
derson, Marc Fudge, Ann Johnson, Alexandru Roman, Tom McWeeney, 
Sharon Pierce, and Joshua Steinfeld, for their expertise and cooperation in 
conforming to our shared specifications. Anna Ya Ni thanks her mother 
Lihua Ma, her brother David Ni, and Wallace Heuser, for their support and 
encouragement throughout this endeavor.
Introduction
Part I (Chapters 1–4) provides you with the historical, descriptive, and 
comparative accounts of the public and private sectors, the different roles 
government  plays  with  business,  including  several  conceptual  models 
to understand the social interactions between the two sectors, and var-
ious economic policies associated with business. The skill of researching 
government institutions and their functions and the skill of identifying 
and analyzing business stakeholders are introduced. Starting in Part II, 
 business– government relations are considered through three different so-
cial economic contexts: sociopolitical, local political economic, and global.
Part II (Chapters 5–8) focuses on building business–government relations 
in the sociopolitical arena, in which government’s role as agent of business 
interest groups and its limited role as social architect are introduced. Chap-
ter 5 discusses the various government protective regulations for business 
stakeholders, be they consumers, employees, investors, or the planet. The 
skill learned in this section is to leverage public policies to protect your 
stakeholders while advancing your business. Chapter 6 concentrates on 
the limitations of government in promoting social values and business’s re-
sponsibility to society. This section introduces a progressive business eth-
ics model and an analytical framework for resolving ethical dilemmas in