Table Of ContentBuilding SPSS Graphs to Understand
Data
I dedicate this textbook to my children, Sally, James (1965-1996), and Wendy, and to my
grandchildren, Tawny, James, Mitch, Tyler, Jared, Jade, Lydia, and Elena—God bless
them all.
And to my students:
We are born
We live for a while
Then we all die
The living part is about education
The pinnacle of education is research
— James O. Aldrich
With all my love to Ines, Hilda, Berta, Marta, Marilu, Blanca, Roberto, Ulices,
Esmeralda, Veronica, Luis, Dalila, Carlos, Edward, Edgar, Marlon, Genesis, Alexander,
Andrew, Leslie, Stephanie, José, Axel, Emely, Cynthia, Melanie, Orlando, Taylor,
Jeannette, Luis Jr., Ariel, Adrienne, Jhosselyn, Anthony, Joshua, James, Francisco, Fausto
and children, Abraham and children, and to all my other family members who have been
my motivation for happiness and success in life.
An extended family is like a graph built from the data points of a spread sheet, its
members may be many and different, but together, they form a beautiful picture.
— Hilda M. Rodríguez
Building SPSS Graphs to Understand
Data
James O. Aldrich
Hilda M. Rodríguez
Californio State University, Northridge
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Aldrich, James O.
Building SPSS graphs to understand data/James O. Aldrich, Hilda M. Rodriguez.
p. cm.
ISBN 978-1-4522-1684-3 (pbk.)
1. SPSS (Computer file) 2. Social sciences—Statistical methods—Computer programs. I. Rodriguez, Hilda M. II. Title.
HA29.A495 2013
005.5’5—dc23 2011050600
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
12 13 14 15 16 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
BRIEF CONTENTS
About the Authors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 Introduction: Graphical Presentation of Data
Chapter 2 Simple Bar Graph
Chapter 3 Stacked Bar Graph
Chapter 4 Clustered Bar Graph
Chapter 5 Pie Graph
Chapter 6 Simple Line Graph
Chapter 7 Multiple Line Graph
Chapter 8 Simple Histogram
Chapter 9 Population Pyramid
Chapter 10 1-D Boxplot
Chapter 11 Simple Boxplot
Chapter 12 Clustered Boxplot
Chapter 13 Simple Scatterplot
Chapter 14 Grouped Scatterplot
Chapter 15 High–Low Graphs
Chapter 16 Paneling on One Dimension
Chapter 17 Paneling on Two Dimensions
Chapter 18 Deceptive Graphing Examples
Chapter 19 Summary
Appendix A: SPSS Basic Information
Appendix B: Answers to Chapter Exercises
Appendix C: Chapters and SPSS Databases Used
Appendix D: Graph Selection: Type and Purpose
Index
DETAILED CONTENTS
About the Authors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 Introduction: Graphical Presentation of Data
1.1 Purpose and Intent of Graphs
1.2 Proportional Thinking and Graph Making
1.3 Decisions for the Graph Maker
1.4 Databases Used in This Book
1.5 SPSS Graph Production: Using the Chart Builder
1.6 Definition of Key Terms and Concepts
Chapter 2 Simple Bar Graph
2.1 Introduction to the Simple Bar Graph
2.2 Databases and Questions
2.3 Using SPSS to Build the Simple Bar Graph
2.4 Interpretation of the Simple Bar Graph
2.5 Review Exercises
Chapter 3 Stacked Bar Graph
3.1 Introduction to the Stacked Bar Graph
3.2 Database and Questions
3.3 Using SPSS to Build the Stacked Bar Graph
3.4 Interpretation of the Stacked Bar Graph
3.5 Review Exercises
Chapter 4 Clustered Bar Graph
4.1 Introduction to the Clustered Bar Graph
4.2 Database and Questions
4.3 Using SPSS to Build the Clustered Bar Graph
4.4 Interpretation of the Clustered Bar Graph
4.5 Review Exercises
Chapter 5 Pie Graph
5.1 Introduction to the Pie Graph
5.2 Databases and Questions
5.3 Using SPSS to Build the Pie Graph
5.4 Interpretation of the Pie Graph
5.5 Review Exercises
Chapter 6 Simple Line Graph
6.1 Introduction to the Simple Line Graph
6.2 Databases and Questions
6.3 Using SPSS to Build the Simple Line Graph
6.4 Interpretation of the Simple Line Graph
6.5 Review Exercises
Chapter 7 Multiple Line Graph
7.1 Introduction to the Multiple Line Graph
7.2 Databases and Questions
7.3 Using SPSS to Bulid the Multiple Line Graph
7.4 Interpretation of the Multiple Line Graph
7.5 Review Exercises
Chapter 8 Simple Histogram
8.1 Introduction to the Simple Histogram
8.2 Databases and Questions
8.3 Using SPSS to Build the Simple Histogram
8.4 Interpretation of the Simple and Cumulative Histograms
8.5 Review Exercises
Chapter 9 Population Pyramid
9.1 Introduction to the Population Pyramid
9.2 Databases and Questions
9.3 Using SPSS to Build the Population Pyramid
9.4 Interpretation of the Population Pyramid
9.5 Review Exercises
Chapter 10 1-D Boxplot
10.1 Introduction to the 1-D Boxplot
