Table Of Contenthun\iittitm\ nt tin- AVuw/ Sotirly ttj S, \n*l. I 1999). 123(1 1, 37 41,
B4JNBCWNA RossiAK GUN, BT SR NOV. (NEMATODA
:
SKI RAITDAK) FROM AUSTRALIAN DASVl'RID MARSUPIALS
by List iv R. Smai is
Summary
Svi\i is, L ft. (IW>) Hiiiiiiihiiiu rowitit yen. iJt sjt; nov. (NematuiJa - .SeuuiiJac) inmi Ansir.ili.ni ddsyltrld
iiiiiiMtpmk Trum k S>>r V Vufil IZJt I). J7 41. .s| May. 1990.
liiiutrrhttia a>,\\uii gen. C| sp nov. iNcurauUac L.hinaiiemaiinacj is described from ihe stomach dint small
inicstinc ol (he iliisyund marsupials Pimfigute tff/tfrf. R iu&tWtfl, fi tttttttrfttttt mul St)iitrtlu>p\i\ iiuuimtrn. Ii
resembles &um< ftrtM spp. nmsi closely in body ;irmaiiire but can bedistinguished front thisgenus in having Q
ln;iMiinliM not doisi -venloiltv elongated nioulli opening, having neilller seletolised rings hcluccit |tlc pharynx
;unl niotith opening. nor caudal alac into which caudal papillae extend nor peri-cloacal papillae, fiainahitut
it'whtc is lUlkfiiO among Iheeehinoiienvannes in having papillaeon Ihe bod) al ihe level of[he cnl\u A key to
Ilie genera iffgiven.Aspects ofthe life-cycle offt mwiuc arcdiscussed,
Ki n vVOKIW linimthum* nematodes. SeUinlulac, Lehhionctiinlinac. ivmrsupials, Dnsynridue. Australia
Introduction (CSIRO) were fixed in hoi \iV/< fomalin and then
siored in 70$ elhaiiol. Specimens from Hlair Albol
Nematodes of the lumily Scurulidae arc parasites Mine. Ccnlral Queensland and Yahula near
nf reptiles, htnls., rodents, hats and Australian Towlis\ die. North (Queensland, dissected fram
marsupials (C'hiibaud 1978). All of the Australian dasyurids thai had hecn fixed in IOH formalin, were
species arc contained vviihin the siihfamih stored in 70',v ellianol. Specimens were e\amini-d
IxImnMicinaiinac and arc found ul das>urid «t alter clearing in laclophcnol. Meusurciuenls, in
perainelid marsupial hosts. There are Tour genera, micrometres unless otherwise slated, were made
characterized by a large triangularin doiso-vciuralls with the aid ofa drawing lube and map measureror
elongated month opening with no lip lohes. an an ocular micrometer. Drawings were made willi the
anteriorextremity with o\ without a swollen cephalic aid of a drawing lube. Type specimens have been
hull") hearing hooks, a short, simple pharynx, long deposited in Ihe South Australian Museum. Adelaide
slender spicules without nine, no prc-cloucal sucker [SAMA). Voucher specimens are held in theWestern
ou llic male and the cloacal region covered hy small Austialian Museum. Perth iWAMPi and CSIRO,
culicular granulations. Canberra.
UthsiowitH'tnn Smalcs, 1997 and fmili< hinu
Chahaud. Seureau, Bevcridgc, Bain tV: Durellc- Systematic*
Desset. 1980contain species with a swollen cephalic
hulh hearing three rows ol large hooks whcicas family Seuralidae (Hall. 1916) Kuilliei. 1916
species of ( luihaiuht htmt <Similes' in press) haw Subfamily I chinonemalinae Ingbs, |967
live rows ul hooks. These ihree genera all have a
iM^iiL-uhn moiiih opening. SfcrfcVflfrtt Chauhnud Hattuehi/ta gcit nov.
Scuicau. Mcvendge. Bain & Ihircllc Dcssel. 1^80 by
contrast, has a dorso-venlially elongated mouth Anterior end widioul lips or lip-like slruclnres.
opening and has neither a swollen cephalic bulb nor hearing 2 pairs of double sub median papillae,
cephalic hooks. single pair qf tatenil amphids. Mouth opening
triangular in outline. Cephalic region wilhoul spines
Materials and Methods or hooks, remainderof hod> coveied witli iiunieo>us
rows ol hooks or spines. Hooks on pharyngeal
Specimens dissected Irorn dasyurids [row the region becoming smaller, grading into spines
CSfftCl Wildlife and Raimclands Collection towards posterior Armature extending over entire
budy of female, terminating anwrioy to eloqcti ol
male. Short, simple elavifoint pluaynx suiiouuded
KctKrtH "l Hiultyiuil ipKI linvtMtHMtcnUil Suvikvn. tl'fffl.fl by nerve ring anterior Io deinds. Deinds simple.
(.hii'i'iisLiml Iimvt-rsttv Kn;MumpMitl'QId 1'iC. eoiiieaf Spicules etjUiil, similar, without alae. Vulva
I.. K. SMAI ES
2
I i;js 1-12. littinttfitiut rOXstiwgQJl.Cl sp- nov. 1.Anteriort'tul (lateral view).2- Anteriorend(en Uuc viewj. ?>. Anteriorend.
optieaJ section showhifi laminae (lateral view). 5, Female tail ilateriri view). o. Male posterior end (ventnil view).
Pemale mid-body showing papillae und vulva (lel'l lateral viewi. -X. Larva, anteriorend (lateral view*. % Body rlpofefr
(lateral view). 10. Vagina (right lateral view}. II. I.arva. posterior end (lateral viewl. 12. Male, posterior end (lateral
View). Seale bars- 100uin I. 10:50 pm 2. 3. o. 7. X. 11, I2: 25 uin 4. 9; 200.urn 5.
"
BAINH HINA ROSSlAJsQSK I3TSR NOV PROM L)AS\ UftlDS !s)
ill mid-region Of body: monodelphic, vagina extremity without hooksorspines,remainderofbodv
directed posteriorly. ParasitesofAustralian dasyurid with rows of hooks, at each annulation. extending
marsupials. <_)\\'\- cnlire body o( female. 80$ of body of male
Body hooks becoming biggest al about row l<>.
Rauwchina rossiae sp. iidv decreasing in size posteriorly, grading into spines,
(FIGS 1-12} Thirty hooks in first row,45 hookson mid-body rows
on female. Pharynx surrounded at anterior end by 4
fiifii)l\fw ,JI , Irom small intestine df Plani^alr pairs of laminae approximately 100 king. Pharynx
itutruUiKi (Gould. 1851), Yabulu near Townsvillc. simple, elavifbrm. terminating at level ofabout HUh
Queensland (19 II' S. I46L 3CV H). October 1997. row of hooks, approximately 'A-'/l- body length.
coll. W. Houston. SAMA AfiC 312X6. Nerve ring surrounding pharynx, deirids posterior to
nerve ring, secretory-excretory pore not seen.
Mtoi\Vc; '.same Jala. SAMA AHC 31287.
Mule: (measurements Table
I ).
f'ittulypcs: 5 7 Y. same data. SAMAAHC 312KS. Nerve ring, deirids, secretory-excretory pore not
seen. Spicules equal, similar, without alae '/, body
Other material twanuni'd: From Plani^ule length. Gubernaculum not seen. Fight pairs caudal
maivlata.Queensland: 5 2 ri Ya&tiu*.AKC3l289i papillae. 4 pairs lateral pre-eloacal. 2 pairs lateral
AIIC 3 290. 3 Klair Alhol Mine sile, AIIC posl-cloaeal, 2 pairs neartail lip. Narrow caudal alac
5]29f, 1AHC 312i 92, ; Western Australia: 2 V v' extending from anterior caudal papillae posterior to
Mitchell Plateau, WAMP 47-98, 4S-9S. From cloaca. Cuticularembossing surrounding cloaca.Tail
Ptanigate gjfevi Aitken. 1972, New South Wales; I ending in prominent tip.
& Chinamans Lake. CS1RO N4409. From
IHtmigute trtgwmi 'Thomas. 1906) Northern Fcmtilv: (measurementsTahle 1 ).
Territory i V. 4 larvae. Siuitltburne River. Secretory-excretory pore not seen. Fourpapillae; I
CSIRO N21 16- From Sttliilthopsis nwemitra left lateral. I right lateral. 2 dorsal encircle body al
S(GAouMldA.AIUS4G5),31Q2u9e3e.nsland: I &r2 S? 9 JuliaCreek. lmeovneoldelopfhiev.ulTvaai.l enVdaignignain pdriroemcitneednt psopsitkeer.ioBrglgys.
oval 36-43 (39) by 33 36 (34).
QuH'ripllOfi
Small worms, with ihe characters of the genus. Larvae: (measurements Fable I).
Body with line eutieular annulations. Gephalie Cuticle aspinous. Tail ending in prominent spike.
TABI F 1 htra\titrmrni\ "I BaineehjtUI rossiae s/'. no\. fn»n F'lamgule sp/X i'rmuk'tmasumuentxgivenCM fitfflJEff. fllfttfl
iitid Ktititthnlihvitiliim.
Holot\pe Male "rom Females Larvae
Male P. ailtsi tt=IO m=4
Lcnglli 1M mm 2.3 mm 4.0-0.5. 5.3 ±0.HI mm 1225
Mux. width 270 2$5 340-410. 3S0±48.54 87
I'liarynv length 305 26t U-0-5.3S. 4n0±51.37 110
AlllClilH'lO IKTVL* Itllg X0 100. uo±U.NO 80
Woi-I
Anion'"*Indeirids (
Spicillr k-lliMtl 4n0 560
Vulva 10poMeiioi 27O0-3400.3100
±2K2.S4
tail 9.4 1 ^ 4N-740, 040±104.00 Kit)
Vagina 180-250.215 ±40.41
1
.M l.K, SM.M.I.N
and in nol luiving sclerotised lings enlarged
Generic noma in honour of Dr (J, Unin coupled dorsally and ventrnlly, capping the antcrioi cud l>]
vvilli the (heck Pt'k*M<& (hedgehog. scji-LijchiM) Lhe pharyns (Chalxiud ft uL 1980). Huuwhmi
iVllJilWiilg thfl loiin used by rhabatid <v ai (1*180! r<f,s>iuc has eighl pans ol caudal papillae, none of
tor other ctitdiiOHfinasctoc gonefe; tytecjfic n*ms which extends into die caudal alue as do ihosc ol
alia a colleague, l)r lJ Rossi St-tircrfunti spp, (Chubaud el al 19X0: Smalrv
l99Si_ None ol' die caudal papillae ol Ii. roxsttir
Remarks pen cloaca! whereas three pairs ofcaudal papillae
are pen-eloacal in Sfiorrhitut spp. (Chabaud ci o!
Tilt- two females livxn f\ in^niuti (Thomas. I'WKSJ In80: Smules 1998)- None of the odier uciu-t;.
^vnv smaller 1 1 -1 3.0 mm) compared wilh lemales within the bchinoncmulinac has papillae al Hie
from H Htttciiltiln ( T6.S mini and had shorter tails level ol lhe vul\a.
(hi), loS compared will) 480-7401. No mature OI lhe other eehinonematincs. Hiiinccliinti ildTers
eggs were observed in Ihe ulcrus und bo these boin iJHslowitivtthi and lni>hu huut in imi ha^ l|Tg
differences in size might lis due either to (ho swollen CL-phiitic ludb w ilh ihrec rows ol ecphalii
iimnaiiirity Ql' ihc worms or to (fltiferchOCt ill ihr Ih-oks (Thailand ci ,it, l*»H(); Snmles 1907. |9'JO
fixation procedures used, Since no malt specimens Smales {Sl Rossi 1999), Hauuchnui also differs
were available lor study and Hie body armature ut ituni Chulmudiithhiii wilh live rows o\' ceplcau
the females was die same as thai Fill specimens hooks (Smales in press). The anaiigemcnt ol
from ft ttuicnhtta ibey are considered, at present, lo caudal papilfic m $cuil3M hitui is also hiik|uc lo lhe
be the same species. IJ,CIUIS.
The leniales bom Snnnlho/?,\i\ nntthniru (Gould.
mm
KS>Si were Iarger<7.l5 long compared with 4 Key to the jjentra $tthe Kchhionematirtae
fi.5 Minii bui die male (2 mm compared with I o_
2y3 mini was similar in si/e lo specimens from /'. I. With cephalic hooks on cephalic bulb, without
>mt< idnfti. AM ihc specimens from .V tuacrottru had laminae \?)
characters consistent with II rowinc nnd are Without cephalic hooks on cephalic bulb wild
T
considered In he the same species. loin- pairs laminae (li,t. 1] I U
highs fl%7> distinguished between pairs of I Tlnve riwvs ofhooks on cephalic bulb _i "5
paf)illae and a pair of phasmids on the posterior F;i\e rows o\ hooks on cephalic bulb
evlivmny ol (he tail of linslow'memtt. Other -• -,; ClmihUhtu hinn
cehinonemaliiie genera have three in four pairs <>| :*. Rows ofhooks on amen.a region ol body
papillae and a pan o\' phasmids in this position ..I,insn*M!Ht,nitt
iChahaiid ft i// 1980; Smales 1999. in piCf.fr; Wilhoul body hooks It/^frthitut
Smales & Rossi IW'J), It is not clear whethei the 4, Month opening oval Seitrcchiiut
two pairs ol papillae seen on the posteriot Mouih openingihungulat -JkrftftVftfttf
eMivmily ofthe tail 0#.fi. mssitte represent a patrol
papillae and a pair of phasmids or whether Ihc
phasmids were not seen,
fiattit i hinti L'ctc urn. L'lCitfto belongs in the The larval stages iconcied from the lungs ol
l*\ hiiioiicmatm.ic hecanse i( ha-, an anterior end J'lt(nii!ult> itii>nwii {'Minimis. 1900/ had pharyngeal
wait a Inangular moulh (Opening, no lip lobes ,i\u\ nnd cephalic morphology uuhcalnc of lUiinttliiti,,
Iwo pairs o! double cephalic papillae It has M:ig. S). Their recovery from lhe huigs, togetho
relatively lung P/« body length) simple spicules and uitb the lack dl ;uiy sexuai diflerentiaLioti suggesK
eiiiicular embossing around the cloaca. In boOy dial Ibey were thud or early fourth stage larvai
aimature ii is mosi similar to the genus Sctirn hont, undergoing migration to die digestive tract befuti
in noi having a swollen cephalic bulb wild large moidling In fourth or fifth, suh adult ^;il .
CCptuiifc lu'oks but in having rows ol small hooks neniiHndcs. Sjimes were not obseiveil on the b^ld
and sjiines at each culielai anuulation n\m the cuticle of Uiesc laivac, as has been noted <<n fOUTtl
remainder ol the body surface Bjltll genera have slagc larval Li/i\hn\iin'tin> and fnyjti hunt (Smales
loin pairs of laminae at die anterioi end 1999: Smales A* Ross. |o<;nK posMh|v ind.calive ol
mirounding Ihc pharynx, possibly wilh a role in their Iteing at a less aihaneed slage \^\'
bidding die cetvteal spines steady when they arc development. Linstowiiwiita imittni inslou
< 11
. nihrdded in ihc intestinal mucosa <t/liabaud i7 ill. I89S), lhe only species in which lhe lile cycle has
IOXO SmaUsmmI998), /iaificchiihi can be been studied, develops into ;ui infective third slage
difb-u-nlialcd I Snuvcftimi in having the moulh larva in e\penmcnlally infected Orthoptec
opening Inangular nol dorso-venlrally elongated (Chabiuid Oi al, I9S0)_ Oasymills |»ieMimabl>
HAINUCHINA ROSSIAEGEN ET SE NOV. FROM DASYURlDS .11
become infected after eating infected arthropods. Acknowledgments
There has, however, been no record of larval My thanks go to D. Spratt and 1. Beveridge for
migration within the definitive host, as inferred in making this material available for study and to W.
this study, for any of the Scuralidae (Anderson Houston and R. Knjght for allowing me to dissect
1992}. planigales and dunnarts which they had collected.
References
ANiirksoN, R. C, (l°92) "Nematode parasites of (I99H) New species of Sciurclu'na (Nematoda
vertebrates their development and transmission" (CAB Seuratidae) parasitic in dasyurid marsupials Irom
International, Wallingord). Australia. Ibid. 122. 179-184.
Cuakaud,A. G*. (1978) Keyslogeneraqfthe Superfamiles
C(Siou.shnu&ilnoreWoeiirldcmeooaitldp,epa.,S.2S-(SH4edKusr)//a/t"AoCnidIdeeHra,sKoen,yHseRt.teoCrat,khCoehiadnbeeaamuadt.oandAde. Afursotmralid(aa1.s9yS9xu9sr)ti,dLsPiuini(isMstiaotrwusilunpc4im3an.li2(aVN-e3:9m.atDoadsayur:idSaeeu)ralifdraoem)
parasites ol vertebrates" No. fi (CAB International.
1-arnham Royal).
Dl.ssiil.,SfiMU.RK-ACL.J,£(1•98B0GV)ERSIIuXrJR,lesI.,NBAeImNa,tOo.de&sDUEReRhTiTnFo-- Seuratid(aien) wpirtehsst)heCdleusichraiiputliovnchoifnatwon,ng.ew(sNpeemcaietsodfarom
nematinae. Ann. ParasitoL hunt, coiup. 55, 427-433. dasyurid marsupials from Australia. IbitL
lN(ii is, W. 0. (1967) The relationships of the nematode
supcrfamily Seuratoidea. ,/. Hcltninfliol. 41, 1 15-136. & Rossi. P. R. (1999) fyfttevhitta virginiac n. sp,
Smai is. L. R. (1997) A revision of the Uchinonemalinae (Nematoda : Seuratidae) from Sniinlhop.six vir^iniaf
(PNercaimneallioddaae):.SeTurraanlsi.daH.e)Saftr.omS,bAannsdii.co1o2t1s.(1M-a2r7s.upialia : .(/.MaHreshuupiinallhiaoL:SoDta:syWuarsihd.ae6)6.f}r}o~m^Northern Australia.
