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S Aharon Geva Kleinberger
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117777662244--UUeebbeerrzzuugg..iinndddd 11 2233..0077..22000099 88::1188::2299 UUhhrr
Aharon Geva Kleinberger
Autochthonous Texts in the Arabic Dialect
of the Jews of Tiberias
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Semitica Viva
Herausgegeben von Otto Jastrow
Band 46
2009
Harrassowitz Verlag · Wiesbaden
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Aharon Geva Kleinberger
Autochthonous Texts
in the Arabic Dialect
of the Jews of Tiberias
2009
Harrassowitz Verlag · Wiesbaden
©© 22001144,, OOttttoo HHaarrrraassssoowwiittzz GGmmbbHH && CCoo.. KKGG,, WWiieessbbaaddeenn
IISSBBNN PPrriinntt:: 997788--33--444477--0055993344--33 IISSBBNN EE--BBooookk:: 997788--33--444477--1199119824--05
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For my beloved wife
Yvonne Geva Kleinberger
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CONTENTS
Acknowledgements .................................................... XI
Abbreviations and signs................................................ XIII
Remarks............................................................... XIII
1. Introduction......................................................... 1
1.1Generalfeatures.................................................... 1
1.2 The dialect......................................................... 8
1.2.1 General .......................................................... 8
1.2.2 Prominent phonological features................................... 9
1.2.3Someprominentmorphologicalremarks........................... 10
1.2.3.1 Personal pronouns .............................................. 11
1.2.3.2 Demonstrative pronouns ........................................ 11
1.2.3.3 Fillers.......................................................... 11
1.2.3.4 Adverbs........................................................ 11
1.2.3.5 Prepositions .................................................... 11
1.2.3.6 Verbs .......................................................... 12
1.2.4 Syntax ........................................................... 13
1.2.5 Lexicon.......................................................... 14
1.2.5.1 Arabic lexicon.................................................. 14
1.2.5.1.1JointwordsforallJewishcommunitiesinGalilee............... 15
1.2.5.1.2AutochthonousvocabularyofTiberias......................... 15
1.2.5.1.3WordsandexpressionsreferringtotheSeaofGalilee,
fishing and lacustrinelife............................................... 16
1.2.5.1.4 Obsolete vocabulary........................................... 17
1.2.5.1.4.1Opaquevocabularyandexpressions.......................... 17
1.2.5.1.4.2 Transparent vocabulary...................................... 17
1.2.5.1.4.3 Old fashioned vocabulary.................................... 17
1.2.5.1.4.4 Expressions and slang....................................... 18
1.2.5.1.4.5 Autochthonous proverbs..................................... 21
1.2.5.2 Hebrew lexicon................................................. 22
1.2.5.2.1 General....................................................... 22
1.2.5.2.2ReligiousvocabularyinHebrew............................... 22
1.2.5.2.3 Obsolete Hebrew loanwords................................... 24
1.2.5.2.4HebrewrootsinArabicmorphology ........................... 25
1.2.5.3 English loanwords.............................................. 25
1.2.5.4 French loanwords............................................... 26
1.2.5.5 Ladino loanwords............................................... 27
1.2.5.6 Italian loanwords ............................................... 28
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VIII Contents
1.2.5.7 Osmanlı/Turkish loanwords..................................... 28
1.2.5.8 Other loanwords................................................ 29
2. Maps................................................................ 30
2.1 Map I: Environs of Tiberias......................................... . 30
2.2MapII:SitesinOldTiberias........................................ 31
3. Transcribed textsand translation...................................... 32
3.1 AM 1 – The Cholera Epidemic...................................... 32
3.2 AM 2 – The British Army enters Tiberias............................ 34
3.3 AM 3 – The Lunatic................................................ 38
3.4 AM 4 – Ceremonial Reception of Sir Herbert Samuel ................ 40
3.5 AM 5 – Scarlet Fever............................................... 42
3.6AM6–TraveltoJerusalem......................................... 44
3.7AM7–BathingintheSeaofGalilee................................ 50
3.8 AM 8 – The Flood of May 1934 (1) ................................. 52
3.9 AM 9 – The Earthquake of 1927 (1)................................. 56
3.10 AM 10 – Memories of the Sea of Galilee........................... 58
3.11 AM 11 – Fish (1).................................................. 66
3.12 AM 12 – Culinary................................................. 68
3.13AM13–TiberiansandSafedis(1)................................. 76
3.14 AM 14 – The Christians of Tiberias................................ 82
3.15 AM 15 – A Slip of the tongue...................................... 86
3.16 AM 16 – Maltreatment ............................................ 88
3.17AM17–NahumHorowitzandtheShomerOrganization............ 92
3.18 AM 18 – The Mimuna (1).......................................... 94
3.19 AM 19 – The Baron de Rothschild................................. 96
3.20 AM 20 – My Father............................................... 98
3.21 PH 21 – The Flood of May 1934 (2)................................ 100
3.22 PH 22 – The Earthquake of 1927 (2) ............................... 102
3.23 ST 23 – My Family................................................ 104
3.24 ADK 24 – Fishing from the House Window........................ 104
3.25 ADK 25 – Years of Drought....................................... 106
3.26 DBY 26- School Picture........................................... 106
3.27DBY27–WorkinginthePalestine Engineering Association........ 112
3.28DBY28–TheArabStrikein1936................................. 116
3.29 DBY 29 –The Bloody Night of 1938............................... 118
3.30 DBY 30 – Mino Goldzweig........................................ 124
3.31 DBY 31 – The Torans Hospital .................................... 128
3.32 DBY 32 – The Flood of May 1934 (3).............................. 132
3.33 DBY 33 – Tiberians and Safedis (2)................................ 136
3.34 DBY 34 – Prominent Families in Tiberias.......................... 138
3.35 DBY 35 – Seamen ................................................ 140
3.36 DBY 36 – TheMimuna (2) ........................................ 142
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Contents IX
3.37 DBY 37 – Autochthonous Insane People ........................... 144
3.38DBY38–MobilizationintheOttomanArmy ...................... 146
3.39 DBY 39 – Retirement from the British Army....................... 148
3.40 MBY 40 – The Riots of 1929...................................... 150
3.41 MBY 41 – The Riots of 1938 (1)................................... 152
3.42 MBY 42 – The Riots of 1938 (2)................................... 154
3.43 MBY 43 – The Informer........................................... 160
3.44 MBY 44 – The Arab Attack........................................ 160
3.45 MBY 45 – Fish (2)................................................ 164
3.46 MBY 46 – The Catfish ............................................ 166
3.47 MBY 47 – A Local Proverb........................................ 168
3.48 MBY 48 – Miscellanea............................................ 170
3.49 MBY 49 – Eavesdropping......................................... 180
3.50 MBY 50 – Other Autochthonous Proverbs.......................... 184
3.51 MBY 51 – Jewish Holidays........................................ 186
3.52 MBY 52 – Sea Life................................................ 190
3.53 MBY 53 – Memories of the Sea of Galilee (2) and more ............ 192
4.EpilogueandEpitaph................................................ 199
5. Appendices.......................................................... 201
5.1 Autochthonous Arabic vocabulary of the Jews of Tiberias............ 201
5.2 Index of People..................................................... 213
5.3 Index of Geographical Sites......................................... 216
6. Bibliography ........................................................ 220
© 2014, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden
ISBN Print: 978-3-447-05934-3 ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-19192-0
© 2014, Otto Harrassowitz GmbH & Co. KG, Wiesbaden
ISBN Print: 978-3-447-05934-3 ISBN E-Book: 978-3-447-19184-5
