Atlas of Emergency Medicine Procedures

718 Pages·2016·61.84 MB·English

by  Latha Ganti (eds.)

Latha Ganti
Editor
Atlas of
Emergency Medicine
Procedures
123
Atlas of Emergency Medicine Procedures

Latha Ganti
Editor
Atlas of Emergency Medicine
Procedures
Editor
Latha Ganti
Professor of Emergency Medicine
University of Central Florida
Director, SE Specialty Care Centers of Innovation
Orlando Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Orlando , FL
USA
ISBN 978-1-4939-2506-3 ISBN 978-1-4939-2507-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-2507-0
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016930028
Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
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imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and
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Springer Science+Business Media LLC New York is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To my father, my role model and career coach –
Dr. Ganti L. Rao
Dad, I wouldn’t have had the career I do were it
not for you. Your unconditional belief in me, your confi dence in
my success, your never ending patience and generosity – you
lead a life of great achievements with utmost humility.
It is my privilege to be your daughter.

Pref ace
The A tlas of Emergency Medicine Procedures is presented in the spirit of “see one, do one,
teach one” and “a picture is worth a thousand words.” It can be used at the bedside, both by
novice practitioners and seasoned clinicians as a teaching aid. For ease of reference, the most
common procedures are grouped by organ systems. Each procedure follows a standardized
format, beginning with keywords, a defi nition if appropriate, indications, and contraindica-
tions. These are followed by materials and medications, often accompanied by a photograph of
the specifi c equipment or setup. The procedure itself is numbered rather than bulleted, high-
lighting the sequence of steps. Photographs are placed where the relevant information is
encountered in the text rather than at the end. Every procedure also lists complications. Finally,
there is a section on pearls and pitfalls, gleaned from the collective experience of the contribu-
tors in addition to traditional teachings.
E mergency medicine, by nature, is a fi eld best suited to a visually appealing, concise text
able to deliver the information required. Much effort therefore has been dedicated to images.
These are either actual photographs taken of the procedure steps or specially commissioned
drawings by Springer’s professional illustration team. A work of this magnitude could not have
been accomplished without the expertise of my dedicated Springer team. A huge thank you to
Shelly Reinhardt, Megan Ruzomberka, and Lee Klein. It is hoped that readers will fi nd this
atlas useful and practical. Feedback and suggestions for future editions are welcomed and can
be sent to [email protected].
Orlando, FL, USA Latha Ganti
vii

Contents
Part I Vascular Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1 Arterial Cannulation (Radial and Femoral) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Jeffrey Kile , Katrina John , and Amish Aghera
1.1 Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2 Contraindications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Materials and Medications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.4 Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.5 Pearls and Pitfalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Selected Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
2 Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Coben Thorn and L. Connor Nickels
2.1 Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.2 Contraindications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3 Materials and Medications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.4 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
2.5 Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.6 Pearls and Pitfalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Selected Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3 Central Venous Line Placement: Internal Jugular Vein, Subclavian Vein,
and Femoral Vein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Kevin D. Ergle , Zachary B. Kramer , Jason Jones , and Rohit Pravin Patel
3.1 Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.2 Contraindications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.3 Materials and Medications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
3.4 Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
3.5 Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
3.6 Ultrasound Guided Cannulation: Tips for Each Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
3.7 Removing a Central Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Selected Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4 Pulmonary Artery Catheter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Rohit Pravin Patel and Marie-Carmelle Elie
4.1 Indications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.2 Contraindications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.3 Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.4 Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.5 Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
4.6 Pearls and Pitfalls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Selected Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
ix