Table Of ContentPOLYURETHANES EXPO 2001
September 30 - October 3, 2001
Greater Columbus Convention Center
Columbus, Ohio
CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
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Table of Contents
TECHNICAL SESSION A— Environmental
Coatings Prepared from Polyurethane SoftFoam RecyclingPolyols.................................................. 3
R. Langenstrassen, H. Huth, M. Pohl, K.-H. Schmidt, G. Behrendt, Institutfur
Kreislaufwirtschaftder Technischen Fachhochschule Wildau
H. Goering, BundesanstaltfurMaterialforschungund-prufung
S. I. Ivanyi, Universityof Chemical TechnologyandMetallurgy
Improved ComfortFactor with Recycled ContentbyReformulation ofFlexible
SlabstockFoams.......................................................................................................................................11
R. Villwock, Mobius Technologies, Inc.
RecentDevelopments in the Recycling ofFlexible PUFoamsBack into New PU
Foam Products...................................................................................................
R Berthevas, F.Aguirre, DowEurope S.A.
J. Tu, The DowChemical Company
TECHNICAL SESSION B— Automotive LowV.O.C. Emissions
Non-VOC Catalysts forHR MoldedFoamsUsed in AutomotiveSeating Applications...............33
M. Sakai, A. Ishikawa, M. Morii, K. Kiuchi, KaoCorporation
New Silicone Surfactantsfor TSI Based HRMoldedFoams—Optimization ofBulk
Stabilization andProcessing Latitude..................................................................................................41
T. Boinowitz, G. Burkhart, J. Klietsch, GoldschmidtAG
W. Bunting, GoldschmidtChemicalCorp.
Elimination ofAmineEmissions from PolyurethaneFoams: Challenges
and Opportunities................................................................................................................................47
F. M. Casati, J. M. Sonney, H. Mispreuve, A. Fanget, Dow Europe S.A.
R. Herrington, J. Tu, The Dow Chemical Company
TECHNICAL SESSION C—Testing
Monitoring ofPolyurethaneFoam C ure............................................................................................61
S. A. Jones, K. W. Scott, B. G. Willoughby, Rapra TechnologyLtd.
E. A. Sheard, Lescon, Inc.
Three-Way Thermal Conductivity Instrument Comparison...........................................................71
B. Canney, C. Dixon, N. Mathis, Mathis Instruments Ltd.
TestingforMDIEmissionsfrom CommercialBoardsandPolyurethane G lue...........................75
P. P.Parekh, B. Karoly, Huntsman Polyurethanes
Reportonthe FirstASTM Round RobinofVacuumPanels.........................................................81
A. Brzezinski, LaserComp
T. Stovall, OakRidge NationalLaboratory
TableofContents / iii
TECHNICAL SESSION D—
Construction
The DevelopmentofAll Water-BlownPolyisocyanurateFoam System for
Metal-Faced Continuous Sandwich Panels......................................................................................... 89
A. Naruse, H. Nanno, M. Kurita, H. Inohara, T. Fukami, NipponPolyurethane
IndustryCo., Ltd.
AlternativeBlowingAgentSolutionsforPolyisocyanurate ContinuousLaminate
MetalPanels ......................................................................................................................................... 97
M. J. Skowronski, M. R. Huspek, The DowChemicalCompany
C. Righi, Dow ItaliaS.p.A.
Processing GaseousBlown SprayAppliedPolyurethane Foam......................................................107
I. Wheeler, R. Crooker, D. Wickwire,ATOFINAChemicals, Inc.
MeetingtheNeedsoftheFuture with HFC-245fa and HFC-245fa Blend Technology
in the Construction Industry...............................................................................................................115
M. Bogdan, D. Williams, Honeywell
Pour-in-PlaceDiscontinuousPanels UsingPentanes........................................................................125
A. DeLeon,D.Shieh, OxidL. P.
E.F.Feske,Albemarle Corporation
TECHNICAL SESSION E— Innovative Polyurethane Solutions for
Automotive Applications
InnovativePolyurethane SeatTrim CoverSolution.....................................................................133
E. Kurtycz, S. English, A. Larre, The Dow ChemicalCompany
J. Bladon, Dow Chemical Canada
A. Hogg, J. Godoy, DowEurope S.A.
Automotive,Moulded Visco-Elastic Foams.......................................................................................143
R Farkas, R. Stanciu, L. Mendoza, Woodbridge FoamCorporation
HFC-245fa: AnIdealBlowingAgentforIntegral SkinFoam......................................................151
B. Zhong, J. M. Bowman, D. Williams, Honeywell
Advances inPolyurethane RRIMfor AutomotiveExteriors.........................................................161
M. F. Hurley, BayerCorporation
NextGeneration E-Coat CapableExteriorBodyPanels...............................................................171
C. Bambrick, Dow ChemicalCanada
K. Arnold, The DowChemical Company
HighPerformanceStructural RIMfor Large Composites: Beams,Boxes,
andBeyond ....................................................................................................................................... 177
G. Symosko, R. Cageao, D. D’Errico, B. Lee, BayerCorporation
W. Guarnieri, BayerAGLeverkusen
R DePalma, MeridianAutomotiveSystems
NewPU CavityFillingFoam forSoundAbatementin CarBody Shells....................................183
S. Meyer-Ahrens, C. M. Milliren, BayerCorporation
G. S. Karas, M. Lupini, OrbsealLLC, Inc.
TECHNICAL SESSION F— Fundamentals
Structure-Property Relationships ofPoly(urethane-urea)s withSoftSegments
Consisting ofUltra-LowMonol ContentPoly(propylene glycol) with and
without Tri(propylene glycol) .........................................................................................................191
M. J. O’Sickey, G. L. Wilkes, VirginiaPolytechnicInstituteandStateUniversity
B. D. Lawrey, BayerCorporation
iv / Table ofContents
Exploring UreaPhase Connectivity inFlexible PolyurethaneFoams Using Lithium
Chlorideasa Probe..............................................................................................................................195
A. Aneja, G. L. Wilkes, VirginiaPolytechnicInstitute andStateUniversity
FundamentalInvestigation ofthe FactorsThatInfluence thePropertiesofSlow
RecoveryPolyurethaneFoams........................................................................................................... 201
S. Narayan, A. Berube, Rogers Corporation
PolyurethaneElastomers with Multiple ChainExtenders...............................................................211
J. McClusky, S. Ghosh, X. Wei, Universityof TexasatSanAntonio
M. A. Pocol-Savage, Kaneka TexasCorporation
TheEffectsofTemperature/Pressure Gradientsin the Rigid Polyurethane
Foaming Process................................................................................................................................... 219
B. E. Obi, I. Latham, L. J. Brown, TheDowChemicalCompany
NewDMC CatalystsforManufacturingPolyols..............................................................................227
J. M. O’Connor, SynUthaneInternationalInc.
M. H. McAdon, The Dow ChemicalCompany
D. E. Laycock, DowChemicalCanada Inc.
Nano- and Micro-FillersforPolyurethaneFoams: EffectonDensity and
MechanicalProperties..................................................................................................................... 239
B. Krishnamurthi, S. Bharadwaj-Somaskandan, F. Shutov, Tennessee
Technological University
TECHNICAL SESSION G— Automotive Seating Comfort and Durability
BenchmarkingofPolyurethaneTechnologiesforAutomotive Seat Cushions ...........................247
M. A. Koshute, M. Blaszkiewicz, B. L. Neal, BayerCorporation
New ComfortMDIMoldedFoam forAutomotiveSeating—AStudy ofFoam
Propertiesfor Riding ComfortPerformance.................................................................................255
K. Saiki, S. Murakami, M. Hayashi, S. Egawa, T. Fukami, NipponPolyurethane
IndustryCo., Ltd.
A Study ofthe Influence ofPolymerand Cell StructureonPolyurethaneFoam
PropertiesforBetter Riding Comfort............................................................................................... 267
M. Isobe, K. Usaka, H. Utsumi, K. Ohkubo, Mitsui Takeda Chemicals, Inc.
AlternativeMethodsfor Durability Specification..............................................................................275
A. LeFever, J. McEvoy, JohnsonControls, Inc.
Accelerated AgingandDurability TestingofPolyurethane Foams.............................................281
J. T. McEvoy, R. Yamasaki, JohnsonControls, Inc.
MeasurementofHigh Resiliency MouldedFoam Propertiesasa Function of
Climatic Conditions..............................................................................................................................285
G. R. Blair, A. Russ, D. E. Bradt, R. J. Bailey, Woodbridge FoamCorporation
TECHNICAL SESSION H— Blowing Agents
Aging ofPolyurethaneFoam Insulation in Simulated Refrigerator Panels—Three-Year
Results with Third-Generation BlowingA gents..............................................................................313
K. E. Wilkes, D. W. Yarbrough, W. A. Gabbard, G. E. Nelson, OakRidgeNationalLaboratory
J. R. Booth, Tennessee TechnologicalUniversity
AnalysisoftheEvolution ofPIR Foamsin the ContextofthePhaseoutofHCFCs..................325
R Dournel, SOLVAYResearchand Technology
L. Zipfel, SOLVAYFLUOR undDERIVATE
HFC365mfc-Blown Spray Foams: MarketPositioningand EnvironmentalBenefits...............333
H. Krahling, SOLVAYManagement SupportGmbH
L. Zipfel, SOLVAYFLUOR undDERIVATE GmbH
Table ofContents/ V
HFC-134aas a Coblowing Agentwith Pentanes............................................................................339
J.Wu, D. Dillon,ATOFINAChemicals, Inc.
TECHNICAL SESSION J—Innovation and New Application in CASE
New UV-Curable Coatingsfor CaulPaperManufacturing.........................................................347
D. Bontinck, G.Vanmeulder, UCBChemicals
M. Idacavage, UCBChemicals, Inc.
ANovelPlasticizer-Free PU GelTechnologyforImproved Comfort..........................................353
L.Pellacani, V.M.T.Thiede, Dow Deutschland GmbHand Co., OHG
NewNon-Isocyanate Curativesfor2K Solvent-BorneUrethane Coatings...................................363
K.B.Chandalia, S. L.Goldstein, M.J. Morgan, R.T.Wojcik,LyondellChemicalCompany
TheEvaluation ofMetal andTertiaryAmine Catalyst in CASE Application...........................373
H.Kometani,Y.Tamano, TOSOH Corporation
R.VanMaris, TOSOHEUROPEBM
K.M.Gay, TOSOHUSA, Inc.
RimSpray™: A Unique MethodforApplyingPolyurethaneFoam to Molds
andSubstrates......................................................................................................................................381
M. F.Bartenstein, Gusmer-Admiral, Inc.
Investigation ofPolyurethaneAdhesivesforUse in theApacheAviatorNBC
ProtectiveM ask...................................................................................................................................389
G. RYoung, S. Ciborowski, D. May, L.Oswald, S. Gross, U.S.ArmySoldier
Chemical-BiologicalCommand
TECHNICAL SESSION K— Furnishings
LessTemperature-SensitiveLRSlabstockFoam.............................................................................403
M. Kageoka, H.Ootsuka, Y.Sato, T.Kumaki, MitsuiTakedaChemicals, Inc.
Flame-RetardantandPhysical CharacteristicsofFlexible Hybrid Polyurethane Foam
Materials Prepared UtilizingFoam-OneTechnology.......................................................................409
C. Jayakody, D. Myers, M.Crocker, K.Bures, J. Bridge, M. Brown, ChestnutRidgeFoam, Inc.
ANew GenerationofSiliconeSurfactants Optimized forLiquid CarbonDioxide Blown
SlabstockFoams...................................................................................................................................417
O. Eyrisch, G. Burkhart, GoldschmidtAG
R. Borgogelli, GoldschmidtChemicalCorporation
DBTDLReplacementin High Resilience SlabstockFoam s...........................................................423
E. -J. Gerard, H.Verstraete, W. Maas, B. Schlenter, ShellChemicals
Catalysts and Silicone Surfactantsfor Reduced VOC Emissions ofPolyester
SlabstockFoam ...................................................................................................................................431
M. S. Huhtasaari, R. Plaumann, J. Grimminger,AirProductsGmbH
J. G. Kniss, F.D.Womack, AirProductsand Chemicals, Inc.
NovelPolymerPolyolwith High Polymer ContentandLow Viscosity.......................................443
T.Tomosada, H. Ohta, S. Kono, T.Furuta, H. Horiguchi,Sanyo ChemicalIndustries, Ltd.
Flexible FoamFormulatingTechnologyDevelopmentvia aNewModelingApproach............451
R.J. Lockwood, HuntsmanPolyurethanes
TECHNICAL SESSION L—A ppliance
AnAssessmentofthePerformanceofRigid PolyurethaneFoam Insulationfor
Usein ResidentialWaterHeatersProduced with SNAP-Approved Non-ODP
BlowingAgents....................................................................................................................................461
K.A. Ingold, R.A.Yourd,V.M.Mautino, BayerCorporation
HFC-134a: The OtherH F C ............................................................................................................473
J. King, I.Latham,C. Martin, The DowChemicalCompany
vi / TableofContents
HFC-245fa: Foam EquipmentConsiderations...............................................................................483
J. M. Bowman, D. J. Williams, Honeywell
DevelopmentofAmine Catalystsfor theNextGenerationBlowing A gents..............................491
H. Kiso, K. Tokumoto, Y.Tamano, H. Yoshimura, TOSOH Corporation
K. M. Gay, TOSOH USA, Inc.
R. Van Maris, TOSOHEUROPEB.V.
DotheExisting Silicone SurfactantsMatchtheRequirementsofHFC-245fa-Blown
Appliance Sytems?...........................................................................................................................501
G. Burkhart, M. Klincke, GoldschmidtAG
K. Willoughby, GoldschmidtChemicalCorp.
“LinFlex™”, aProvenSuccess,New-InnovativeRefrigerator Cabinet
PolyurethaneMachinery....................................................................................................................513
D. R. Hanne, J. Willison, Hennecke Machinery
K. Pieper, B. Geiger, Hennecke GmbH
POSTER SESSION—C ASE
ANewAnti-HydrolysisEther-Based PUSystem forUni-sole Application.................................519
C. C. T. Huang, S. C. R Liu, PouChienChemicalCo., Ltd.
Investigation ofPolyurethaneAdhesivesforUse inthe ApacheAviatorNBC
ProtectiveM ask...................................................................................................................................521
G. RYoung, S. Ciborowski, D. May, L. Oswald, S. Gross, U.S.ArmySoldier
Chemical-BiologicalCommand
Low Gloss,LowBuild UpWaterBased ReleaseAgentsforElastomersand
MicrocellularSystems .......................................................................................................................533
M. Johnson, Chem-Trend, Inc.
LowerDurometerTDIElastomers “PlasticizerFree”for SolventResistance.............................535
R. B. Durairaj, J. DeAlmeida, INDSPECChemicalCorporation
New Developments in Lightand ThermalStabilisation PackagesforFlexible
PolyurethaneIntegral SkinApplications.........................................................................................537
R Jacobs, B. Johnson, M. de la Cruz, H. Goyvaerts, GreatLakes TechnologyBelgium
R Orizondo, GreatLakes ChemicalCorp.
RimSpray™: A Unique Methodfor ApplyingPolyurethaneFoam to Molds
and Substrates......................................................................................................................................539
M. F. Bartenstein, Gusmer-Admiral, Inc.
POSTER SESSION— FLEXIBLE FOAM/AUTOMOTIVE
AmineEmissionFree CatalystforPolyesterSlabstockFlexible Foam .......................................547
R.VanMaris,TOSOH Europe B. V.
H. Nakamura,YTamano, TOSOH Corporation
K. M. Gay, TOSOH USAInc.
DMAMP-80™ ASuperior ReactiveAmine Catalyst forPolyurethaneFoams.............................551
K. Little, R. J. Swedo,ANGUSChemicalCompany
F. M. Casati, A. Fanget, H. Mispreuve, DowEurope S.A.
EffectofNano and Micro-SilicaFillersonPolyurethaneFoamProperties.................................557
I. Javni, W. Zhang, V. Karajkov, Z. S. Petrovic, PittsburgStateUniversity
V. Divjakovic, Universityof NoviSad
EffectofParticle Size DistributiononPerformanceofCopolymerPolyols.................................563
R. Neff, W. Apichatachutapan, BASFCorporation
Flexible PolyurethanesUsinga Castor OilBasedPolyesterPolyol.............................................565
R Penczek, R. Ostrysz, D. Wieczorek, Z. Boncza-Tomaszewski, IndustrialChemistry
Research Institute
S. V. Udeshi, JayantOilMills
Table ofContents/ vii
InnovativePolymersfor Optimized ReleasePerformance forHRMolded and
Flexible Foam....................................................................................................................................569
R. Rossio, Chem-Trend, Inc.
New Styrene-AcryloNitrile PolymerPolyolsfor Cold CureMoulding
Automotive Applications......................................................................................................................
J. Cenens,E.VanEetvelde, T.Schroder,B.Flammang,J.C.Vandichel,Shell Chemicals
Spray PolyurethaneElastomerforUse in Automotive Dash Insulator Applications..................573
A.J.Messina, G.Gebreselassie, Collins andAikmanCorporation
Synthesis ofPU High Resilience Flexible Foams withDispersing Liquid Prepared
byPolyether GraftingStarch Copolymer....................................................................................... 575
C. Su, X.Xue-Wei,Nanjing Universityof Chemical Technology
Whiplash Countermeasures: SafeGuard™........................................................................................
E. Kuczynski, RFarkas, R.Stanciu, Woodbridge FoamCorporation
POSTER SESSION— FUNDAMENTALS/EQUIPMENT
Compatibility Study ofPoly bd®Resin with OtherPolyols andProperty Evaluation
ofPolyurethanesPerpared Therefrom.................................................................................................
H.S. Chao, SartomerCo., Inc.
Dielectric Polarization Measurement with CMDProvidesNew Insight into the
FoamingProcess........................................................................................................................ 589
B. H.W. Hofmann, FormatMesstechnik GmbH
D.J. Gross, Electrotech Industrial, Inc.
IC Fluid PowerforFluid Measurementand Control..................................................................... 593
T.Marsaglia,IC FluidPower
Mixing Equipmentfor the In-LineAddition ofScrap Regrind and Other
Fillersinto PUR.....................................................................................................................................
D. Ramazzotti, Edge Sweets Company
Structures and Properties ofPolyurethanesBased on ModelTriglycerides..............................597
Z. S. Petrovic, A.Zlatanic, PittsburgStateUniversity
Three-WayThermal Conductivity Instrument Comparison.........................................................601
B. Canney, C. Dixon, N. Mathis,MathisInstruments Ltd.
POSTER SESSION— RIGID FOAM
Amidic Polyols,New Polyhydroxylic RawMaterials for Rigid PolyurethaneFoam s...............607
M. lonescu, S. Mihai, E. Stepan, Instituteof ChemicalResearch
C. Roibu,V.Preoteasa, S. C. Oltchim, S.A.
Diffusion ofGases in Rigid Polyurethane Foam atDifferentTemperatures..............................609
M. Froling, S. Mangs, O. Ramnas, M. E. Oisson, U.Jarfelt, Chalmers University
of Technology
Dimethoxymethaneas Co-Blowing Agentwith HFC134afor Polyurethane
Rigid Foams.......................................................................................................................................611
M. Modesti, A. Lorenzetti, Padova University
G. Basile, Fluorocarbons andDevelopmentService
GlycolysisReactivity ofRigid PolyurethaneFoamforRefrigerator..........................................615
M. Murai, M.Sanou, T. Fujimoto, F.Baba, MitsubishiElectric Corporation
HFC-134aas a CoblowingAgentwith Pentanes...........................................................................617
J.Wu, D. Dillon,ATOFINAChemicals, Inc.
viii / TableofContents
HFEsasNew Generation BlowingAgents.......................................................................................619
R. Tamai, S. Urata, A. Sekiya, NationalInstituteofAdvancedIndustrialScience and
Technology(AIST)
H. Takeyasu, H. Sato,AsahiGlassCo., Ltd.
HydrocarbonBlown Rigid Foam Formulations andPhysicalProperties....................................621
J. Canady, C. McAdams, K. Brown, Kosa
R Merchant, ExxonMobil
Influence ofExpandable Graphiteon the Physical-MechanicalPropertiesand Fire
BehaviourofFlameRetarded PIR-PURFoam s...........................................................................623
M. Modesti, A. Lorenzetti, F. Simioni, Padova University
M. Gilbert, Graphtech, Inc.
Optimization ofFlame-Retardants for Rigid PIRFoams: ANew Screening Apparatus,
and Correlation to Large-Scale Flammability Tests..................................................................... 627
B. Feske,Albemarle Corporation
J. Canaday, KoSa
PerformanceofNon-ODPRigid Foamsin Picnic Coolers............................................................629
J. Cionni, V. M. Mautino, BayerCorporation
SandwichPanelLines: ComparisonBetween Discontinuousand ContinuousProcess.
Advantages Givenby the ContinuousProduction Method Compared to the Manufacture
ofPanels byDiscontinuous Means..................................................................................................... 631
E. Greco, V. Mariani, ImpiantiOMSSpa
Solkane ® 365/227 Blown Rigid Foams: Optimized Insulation and CostPerformance . . . . 637
L. Zipfel,K.Boemer,SOLVAYFLUOR undDERIVATEGmbH
P.Doumel,SOLVAYResearch andTechnology
TheEffective Diffusivity of C02and HCFC-141bin PUFoam Prepared withHCFC-141b
as InsulatingBlowingAgentat20,25 and40 C ..............................................................................643
J. R. Booth, TennesseeTechnological University
K.Wilkes, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Unique,Enviromentally Friendly ReleaseAgentsforMDIFoam Articles...................................645
B. Smith, S. Lytle, L. Reams, Franklynn Industries, Inc.
AuthorIndex..........................................................................................................................................647
CompanyIndex....................................................................................................................................649
TableofContents/ ix
