an integrated strategic approach to the implementation and management of poverty alleviation ...

242 Pages·2014·4.89 MB·English

AN INTEGRATED STRATEGIC APPROACH TO THE
IMPLEMENTATION AND MANAGEMENT OF POVERTY
ALLEVIATION PROGRAMMES IN KWAZULU-NATAL
By
FIKISIWE BEA TRICE MADLOPHA
M. Med Science in Social Work (UDW), Master of Public Administration (UDW),
BASocial Work (UDW), Post Graduate Diploma in Public Administration (UDW),
Advanced University Diploma in Public Administration (UDW).
A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Law, Economics and Management, University
of Durban Westville in part fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
DOCTOR OF ADMINISTRATION
In the School of Governance
Supervisor: PROF MALCOLM . WALLIS
DURBAN
JANUARY 2003
DECLARATION
I declare that this dissertation my own work, and has not submitted for any
degree in any university. All the sources have used or quoted been
indicated and acknowledged by means of complete reference.
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ACKNOWlEDGEM
I wish to acknowledge the following persons who in making piece of
work a for me:
for His guidance and giving me strength and courage under the most difficult
and trying circumstances of my life
My brothers and their support encouragement
My daughter, Londiwe, for understanding, love and support during my
studies
late, Bheki, for love and his motivation for me to study
AND FINALLY
Prof. Malcolm Wallis for his interest, guidance, support and encouragement and
supervision of study_
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DEDICATION
To my daughter and my late Petros Mpomponyana
Madlopha who education that built a employed a teacher for
the betterment community.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENT PAGE NUMBER
CHAPTER 1 :BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
1 1 Introduction 1
1 Statement 1
1 of the study
1.4 Motivation
1.5 of the study 6
1.6 of the study 7
1.7 Terms
1 Methodology 9
1 1 Introduction 9-10
1.8.2 of Research 10
1.8.3 Evaluative research 10-13
1.8.4 Description of Qualitative quantitative data methods 13
1.8.5 Population 13
1.8.6. 13
18.6.1 Sampling 14-15
1.8.6.2 Data Collection 15-19
1 8.7.3 Data 20
1.9 of the study 20
1.10 20-21
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2
RE REVIEW: INTERNATIONAL AND AFRICAN
PERSPECTIVES ON POVERTY
1 Introduction 22-23
Defining 23-25
3 Characteristics poverty
International trQr,nC! 26-29
1 History of poverty alleviation development 29-33
5 Poverty in 33-34
2.5. Lesotho 34-36
1.1 Poverty strategies in 36-37
Rwanda 37-38
1 Strategies on poverty alleviation in Rwanda 38-39
5.3 Malawi 39-40
5.4 Zimbabwe 40-41
2.5.5 Kenya 41
2.5.5.1 Poverty in Kenya 41
2.6 Development initiatives in Africa 42-44
2.7 Sustainable Development 44-49
2.8 Conclusion 49-51
CHAPTER POVERTY IN SOUTH AFRICA
3.1 Introduction
3.2 History of poverty in South
3.3.0 Characteristics of poverty in South Africa
3.3.1 Poverty and gender
3.3.1 (i) Urban and Rural poverty in
3.4.1 Oi) of in South
3. and illiteracy /)
3.3.3 HIV&AIDS
VI
Poverty & inequality 69-70
Legislative provisions to deal with poverty South Africa and
KwaZulu-Natal 70-71
Constitution poor 71
Reconstruction Development Programme1994
3 GEAR 78-80
3.4.4 The Integrated Sustainable Development Strategy 2000 80-83
3.4.5 The Public Finance Management Act 1 83-85
3.4.6 Implications of documents implementation
of poverty alleviation
3.5 Partnerships 89-91
3.6 Strategies to deal with poverty in South Africa
3.6.1 encouragement and support of SMMEs
3.6.1 management
3.7 in 97
3.7.1 Characteristics of as a province
3.7.2 Legislative provision that impact on poverty alleviation 98
3.7.2.1 Amakhosi and Iziphakanyiswa Act 9 of 1990 and Ingonyama
Act 1994 98
3.7.2.2 White Paper on Rural Development
1998 99-1
3.7.2.3The Provincial Growth and Development Strategies 1 103
3.7.2.4Analysis of the strategy 103-104
3.8 The poverty in KwaZulu-Natal 104-1
3.9 contributing to poverty in KwaZulu-Natal 106
3.10 HIV/AIDS in KwaZulu-Natal 1
3.11 to reduce poverty in KwaZulu-Natal 108-111
12 The an integrated approach 111-112
3.13 Objectives the Intergovernmental Relations 113-116
3.14 Conclusion
116-118
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CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION OF RESULT FROM DOCUMENTS
4.1 Introduction 119
4.2 Focus of the Poverty alleviation programme 119-120
4.3 Annual report Department of Social Welfare and Population
and Development 120-121
4.4 Anti poverty programme plan 1999:2003 121-122
4.5 Anti poverty programme procedural document 122-123
4.6 Annual Report - Department of Agriculture and Economic Affairs 123-124
4.7 Annual Report - Department of Public Works 124
4.8 The Free State poverty eradication strategy 124-127
CHAPTER 5: RESULTS OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE AND CASE STUDIES
5.1 Introduction 128
5.2 Characteristics of the respondents 129-131
5.3 Policy documents that guide the departments on poverty alleviation 131-133
5.4 Strategic focus of the province on poverty alleviation 133
5.5 Funding issues on poverty alleviation 133-134
5.6 Management process of poverty alleviation programmes 134-139
5.7 The process of informing communities about the programme and
application process 140
5.7.1 Project monitoring strategies 140
5.7.2 Financial Accountability for projects 140-143
5.8 The impact of the programme on different categories of people 143-146
5.9 Mechanisms employed by the departments in ensuring cooperative
governance in poverty alleviation programmes 146-147
5.10 List and roles of stakeholders that participate in the
implementation and management of poverty alleviation programme 147-148
5.11 Forums that exist for projects 148
5.12 The role of NGOs in the screening of applications for funding 148-150
5.13 Unintended effects of the programme 150
5.14 Utilization of people's projects skills as opposed to always teaching new
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skills 150-151
5.15 Constraints that have been experienced in the past in realizing the
programme objectives 151-152
5.16 Strategies to deal with constraints experience to realize the
objectives of the programme 152-153
517 Implications of the performance of past projects for the choice of
future target groups. 153-154
5.18 Areas of improvement if the programme was to be successful 154
5.19 Strengths and weaknesses of the poverty alleviation programme 155-156
5.20 The effect of this programme on other programmes in the community156
5.21 Case study analysis 157-181
5.20 Conclusion 181-182
CHAPTER 6: DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
6.1 Introduction 183-184
6.2 Participants in the study 184
6.3 Targets of the poverty alleviation programmes 184
6.4 Lack of poverty alleviation strategy 184-186
6.5 Programme implementation 186
6.5.1 Top down planning 186-187
6.5.2 Screening and approval of finding 187-188
6.5.3 Business plans 187-188
6.5.4 Planning and integration 188-190
6.5.5 Unrealistic time frames 190-193
6.5.6 Funding criteria 194
6.5.7 Information on the programme 194-195
6.5.8 Understanding of the programme by projects 195-196
6.5.9 Financial management 196-198
6.5.10 Project monitoring and evaluation 198
6.5.11 Management styles 199
6.5.12 General Programme Management 199-200
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6.5.13 Impact of the 200-202
6. 14 Cooperative Governance
15 Constraints in realizing programme objectives
5.15 why some projects fail 204-205
6.6 HIV/AIDS 205-206
Linking growth to human development 207
Conclusion 207-208
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Recommendations 209-213
7.3 Conclusion 213-1215
8. BIBLIOGRAPHY 21
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