ABZ 2014: The Landing Gear Case Study: Case Study Track, Held at the 4th International Conference on Abstract State Machines, Alloy, B, TLA, VDM, and Z, Toulouse, France, June 2-6, 2014. Proceedings

171 Pages·2014·7.063 MB·English

by  Frédéric Boniol, Virginie Wiels, Yamine Ait Ameur, Klaus-Dieter Schewe (eds.)

Frédéric Boniol
Virginie Wiels
Yamine Ait Ameur
Klaus-Dieter Schewe (Eds.)
Communications in Computer and Information Science 433
ABZ 2014:
The Landing Gear
Case Study
Case Study Track, Held at the 4th International Conference
on Abstract State Machines, Alloy, B, TLA, VDM, and Z
Toulouse, France, June 2–6, 2014, Proceedings
123
Communications
in Computer and Information Science 433
EditorialBoard
SimoneDinizJunqueiraBarbosa
PontificalCatholicUniversityofRiodeJaneiro(PUC-Rio),
RiodeJaneiro,Brazil
PhoebeChen
LaTrobeUniversity,Melbourne,Australia
AlfredoCuzzocrea
ICAR-CNRandUniversityofCalabria,Italy
XiaoyongDu
RenminUniversityofChina,Beijing,China
JoaquimFilipe
PolytechnicInstituteofSetúbal,Portugal
OrhunKara
TÜBI˙TAKBI˙LGEMandMiddleEastTechnicalUniversity,Turkey
IgorKotenko
St.PetersburgInstituteforInformaticsandAutomation
oftheRussianAcademyofSciences,Russia
KrishnaM.Sivalingam
IndianInstituteofTechnologyMadras,India
DominikS´le˛zak
UniversityofWarsawandInfobright,Poland
TakashiWashio
OsakaUniversity,Japan
XiaokangYang
ShanghaiJiaoTongUniversity,China
Frédéric Boniol Virginie Wiels
Yamine Ait Ameur Klaus-Dieter Schewe (Eds.)
ABZ 2014:
The Landing Gear
Case Study
Case Study Track,
Held at the 4th International Conference
onAbstract State Machines,
Alloy, B, TLA,VDM, and Z,
Toulouse, France, June 2-6, 2014
Proceedings
1 3
VolumeEditors
FrédéricBoniol
ONERA/DTIM,Toulouse,France
E-mail:[email protected]
VirginieWiels
ONERA/DTIM,Toulouse,France
E-mail:[email protected]
YamineAitAmeur
INP-ENSEEIHT/IRIT,Toulouse,France
E-mail:[email protected]
Klaus-DieterSchewe
SoftwareCompetenceCenterHagenberg,Austria
E-mail:[email protected]
ISSN1865-0929 e-ISSN1865-0937
ISBN978-3-319-07511-2 e-ISBN978-3-319-07512-9
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-07512-9
SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2014939449
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Preface
Casestudieshaveplayedanessentialroleinthehistoryofformalmethods.They
have allowed us to illustrate the application of formal techniques for modelling
and verification so as to compare different methods in terms of expressivity,
performance,andeaseofuse. Theyhavealsopermitted ustoenactthe progress
made by these methods. As formal methods have made much progress over the
years,ouraimatABZ2014wastoproposeacomplexcasestudy,representative
of industrial needs.
The proposed case study, a landing gear system for an aircraft, is very rich.
It is composed of three parts: the pilot interface, the mechanical and hydraulic
parts,andthedigitalpart.Thecasestudyisthusnotrestrictedtosoftware,but
involves complex system modelling (behavior of gears, doors, cylinders, electro-
valves). The software part is in charge of controlling gears and doors, but also
of monitoring the system and informing the pilot in case of an anomaly. Re-
quirements to be verified on the system include normal mode and failure mode
requirements. In both categories, requirements finely combine functional prop-
erties and timing constraints. This case study is indeed complex, both to model
and to verify. Furthermore, it was not a priori a state-basedorientedcase study
andaquestionwastoseehowtheABZformalmethodscouldaccommodatethis
kind of system.
We were very happy that the case study attracted a lot of interest. The
11 selected papers use different formal techniques: B, ASM, Fiacre. They also
propose different kinds of verification: proof, model checking, test generation,
run-time monitoring, and simulation. The papers did not necessarily model all
aspects of the case study, but the proposed modelling and analyses were very
interesting.
In addition to the submissions, a lot of interest was expressed in this case
study. We had a lively and stimulating track during the 4th edition of the ABZ
2014 conference in Toulouse, with fruitful discussions around the results ob-
tained and the difficulties encountered, which fostered further modelling and
verification.
This ABZ 2014 case study would not have succeeded without the deep in-
vestmentandinvolvementoftheProgramCommitteememberswhocontributed
by reviewing and selecting the best contributions. This event would not exist if
the authors and contributors did not submit their proposals. We extend our
thanks to all of them: reviewers, authors, Program Committee members, and
Organizing Committee members.
AspecialthankstoJean-RaymondAbrialandEgonBo¨rgerfortheirinterest
in the case study and the stimulating exchanges we had about it.
VI Preface
TheEasyChairsystemwassetupforthemanagementofABZ2014support-
ing the submission, review, and volume preparationprocesses. It provedto be a
powerful framework.
Finally, ABZ 2014 received the support of several sponsors, among them
Airbus, CNES, CNRS, CS, CRITT Informatique, ENSEEIHT Toulouse, FME,
IRIT, INP Toulouse, Midi Pyr´en´ees Region, ONERA, SCCH, and Universit´e
Paul Sabatier Toulouse. Many thanks for their support.
June 2014 Fr´ed´eric Boniol
Virginie Wiels
Yamine Ait Ameur
Klaus-Dieter Schewe
Organization
Program Committee
Jean-RaymondAbrial Consultant, France
Yamine Ait Ameur IRIT/INPT-ENSEEIHT, France
Richard Banach University of Manchester, UK
Eerke Boiten University of Kent, UK
Fr´ed´eric Boniol ONERA, France
Michael Butler University of Southampton, UK
Egon B¨orger Universita` di Pisa, Italy
Ana Cavalcanti University of York, UK
David Deharbe Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte,
Brazil
John Derrick University of Sheffield, UK
Juergen Dingel Queen’s University, UK
Kerstin Eder University of Bristol, UK
Roozbeh Farahbod SAP Research, Germany
Mamoun Filali-Amine IRIT-Toulouse, France
John Fitzgerald Newcastle University, UK
Marc Frappier University of Sherbrooke, Canada
Vincenzo Gervasi University of Pisa, Italy
Dimitra Giannakopoulou NASA Ames, USA
Uwe Gl¨asser Simon Fraser University, Canada
Stefania Gnesi ISTI-CNR, Italy
Lindsay Groves VictoriaUniversityofWellington,NewZealand
Stefan Hallerstede University of Du¨sseldorf, Germany
Klaus Havelund California Institute of Technology, USA
Ian J. Hayes University of Queensland, Australia
Rob Hierons Brunel University, UK
Thai Son Hoang Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich,
Switzerland
Sarfraz Khurshid The University of Texas at Austin, USA
Regine Laleau Paris Est Creteil University, France
Leslie Lamport Microsoft Research, USA
Peter Gorm Larsen Aarhus School of Engineering, Denmark
Thierry Lecomte ClearSy, France
Michael Leuschel University of Du¨sseldorf, Germany
Yuan-Fang Li Monash University, Australia
VIII Organization
Zhiming Liu United Nations University - International
Institute for Software Technology, Macao
Tiziana Margaria University of Potsdam, Germany
Atif Mashkoor Software Competence Center Hagenberg,
Austria
Dominique Mery Universit´e de Lorraine, LORIA, France
Stephan Merz Inria Lorraine, France
Mohamed Mosbah LaBRI - University of Bordeaux, France
Cesar Muno˜z NASA Langley, USA
Uwe Nestmann Technische Universit¨at Berlin, Germany
Chris Newcombe Amazon.com, USA
Jose Oliveira Universidade do Minho, Portugal
Luigia Petre ˚Abo Akademi University, Finland
Andreas Prinz University of Agder, Norway
Alexander Raschke InstituteofSoftwareEngineeringandCompiler
Construction, Germany
Elvinia Riccobene DTI - University of Milan, Italy
Ken Robinson The University of New South Wales, Australia
Thomas Rodeheffer Microsoft Research, USA
Alexander Romanovsky Newcastle University, UK
Thomas Santen European Microsoft Innovation Center,
Aachen, Germany
Patrizia Scandurra DIIMM - University of Bergamo, Italy
Gerhard Schellhorn Universita¨t Augsburg, Germany
Klaus-Dieter Schewe Software Competence Center Hagenberg,
Austria
Steve Schneider University of Surrey, UK
Colin Snook University of Southampton, UK
Jing Sun The University of Auckland, New Zealand
Mana Taghdiri KIT, Germany
Margus Veanes Microsoft Research, USA
Marcel Verhoef Chess, The Netherlands
Friedrich Vogt University of Technology Hamburg-Harburg,
Germany
Laurent Voisin Systerel, France
Qing Wang Information Science Research Centre,
New Zealand
Virginie Wiels ONERA, France
Kirsten Winter University of Queensland, Australia
Organization IX
Additional Reviewers
Arcaini, Paolo Ladenberger, Lukas
Attiogbe, Christian Leupolz, Johannes
Barbosa, Haniel Macedo, Nuno
Coleman, Joey Mammar, Amel
Colvin, Robert Nalbandyan, Narek
Couto, Lu´ıs Diogo Neron, Pierre
Cunha, Alcino Pfa¨hler, Jo¨rg
Ernst, Gidon Sandvik, Petter
Esparza Isasa, Jos´e Antonio Senni, Valerio
Fantechi, Alessandro Singh, Neeraj
Gervais, Frederic Tarasyuk, Anton
Herbreteau, Fr´ed´eric Tounsi, Mohamed
Iliasov, Alexei Treharne, Helen
Kossak, Felix Yaghoubi Shahir, Hamed
Table of Contents
The Landing Gear System Case Study.............................. 1
Fr´ed´eric Boniol and Virginie Wiels
Aircraft Landing Gear System: Approaches with Event-B to the
Modeling of an Industrial System .................................. 19
Wen Su and Jean-Raymond Abrial
Modeling and Analyzing Using ASMs: The Landing Gear System Case
Study .......................................................... 36
Paolo Arcaini, Angelo Gargantini, and Elvinia Riccobene
Context-Aware Verification of a Landing Gear System ................ 52
Philippe Dhaussy and Ciprian Teodorov
Validation of the ABZ Landing Gear System Using ProB ............. 66
Dominik Hansen, Lukas Ladenberger, Harald Wiegard,
Jens Bendisposto, and Michael Leuschel
Modeling a Landing Gear System in Event-B........................ 80
Amel Mammar and R´egine Laleau
Offline Model-Based Testing and Runtime Monitoring of the Sensor
Voting Module .................................................. 95
Paolo Arcaini, Angelo Gargantini, and Elvinia Riccobene
Model-Checking Real-Time Properties of an Aircraft Landing Gear
System Using Fiacre ............................................. 110
Bernard Berthomieu, Silvano Dal Zilio, and L(cid:2) ukasz Fronc
The Landing Gear Case Study in Hybrid Event-B.................... 126
Richard Banach
Landing Gear System: An ASM-Based Solution for the ABZ Case
Study .......................................................... 142
Felix Kossak
Co-simulation Environment for Rodin: Landing Gear Case Study ...... 148
Vitaly Savicks, Michael Butler, and John Colley