System Administration Guide for Cluster Administrators

330 Pages·2014·2.22 MB·English

Updated for 8.2.1
Clustered Data ONTAP® 8.2
System Administration Guide for Cluster Administrators
NetApp, Inc. Telephone: [phone] Part number: 215-08516_B0
495 East Java Drive Fax: [phone] February 2014
Sunnyvale, CA 94089 Support telephone: [phone]
U.S. Web: www.netapp.com
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Table of Contents | 3
Contents
Differences between cluster and SVM administrators ........................... 10
Data ONTAP management interface basics ............................................ 11
Accessing the cluster by using the CLI (cluster administrators only) ....................... 11
Accessing the cluster by using the serial port ............................................... 11
Accessing the cluster by using SSH .............................................................. 12
Enabling Telnet or RSH access to the cluster ............................................... 14
Accessing the cluster by using Telnet ........................................................... 15
Accessing the cluster by using RSH ............................................................. 16
Using the Data ONTAP command-line interface ..................................................... 18
Understanding the different shells for CLI commands (cluster
administrators only) ................................................................................. 18
Methods of navigating CLI command directories ......................................... 19
Rules for specifying values in the CLI .......................................................... 20
Methods of viewing command history and reissuing commands ................. 21
Keyboard shortcuts for editing CLI commands ............................................ 21
Use of administrative privilege levels ........................................................... 23
Setting the privilege level in the CLI ............................................................ 23
Setting display preferences in the CLI .......................................................... 24
Methods of using query operators ................................................................. 24
Methods of using extended queries ............................................................... 26
Methods of customizing show command output by using fields .................. 26
Methods of accessing Data ONTAP man pages ........................................... 27
Managing CLI sessions (cluster administrators only) ............................................... 28
Managing records of CLI sessions ................................................................ 28
Managing the automatic timeout period of CLI sessions .............................. 29
Understanding OnCommand System Manager ......................................................... 29
Cluster management basics (cluster administrators only) ..................... 31
What a cluster is ........................................................................................................ 31
Considerations for single node clusters ..................................................................... 32
What the cluster management server is ..................................................................... 33
Understanding quorum and epsilon ........................................................................... 33
What a cluster replication ring is ............................................................................... 34
4 | System Administration Guide for Cluster Administrators
Displaying the nodes in a cluster ............................................................................... 35
Displaying cluster attributes ...................................................................................... 36
Modifying cluster attributes ...................................................................................... 36
Reassigning epsilon to another node in the cluster ................................................... 37
Displaying the status of cluster replication rings ...................................................... 38
Managing nodes (cluster administrators only) ........................................ 39
Displaying node attributes ......................................................................................... 39
Modifying node attributes ......................................................................................... 40
Renaming a node ....................................................................................................... 40
Adding nodes to the cluster ....................................................................................... 41
Removing nodes from the cluster .............................................................................. 42
Accessing a node's log, core dump, and MIB files by using a web browser ............ 43
Rules governing node root volumes and root aggregates ......................................... 44
Freeing up space on a node’s root volume .................................................... 45
Starting or stopping a node ........................................................................................ 46
Rebooting a node at the system prompt ........................................................ 46
Booting Data ONTAP at the boot environment prompt ............................... 47
Rebooting a node remotely ........................................................................... 47
Shutting down a node .................................................................................... 48
Managing a node by using the boot menu ................................................................. 48
Recovering from a corrupted image of a node's boot device .................................... 50
Managing a node remotely ........................................................................................ 51
Managing a node remotely by using the Service Processor .......................... 51
Managing a node remotely by using the Remote LAN Module ................... 75
Managing SVMs (cluster administrators only) ....................................... 93
What SVMs are ......................................................................................................... 93
About SVMs root volumes ............................................................................ 95
Types of SVMs .............................................................................................. 95
Why you use SVMs ....................................................................................... 96
Number of SVMs in a cluster ........................................................................ 97
Creating SVMs .......................................................................................................... 97
List of language options ................................................................................ 98
Language configurations ............................................................................. 101
Completing the SVM setup worksheet ........................................................ 102
Creating SVMs by using the CLI wizard .................................................... 107
Creating SVMs with FlexVol volumes ....................................................... 115
Table of Contents | 5
Creating SVMs with Infinite Volume ......................................................... 117
Considerations for modifying SVMs ...................................................................... 118
Modifying SVMs ..................................................................................................... 120
Delegating administration to SVM administrators .................................................. 121
Displaying information about SVMs ...................................................................... 125
Renaming SVMs ..................................................................................................... 126
Deleting SVMs ........................................................................................................ 127
Administering SVMs from the SVM context ......................................................... 128
Starting SVMs ......................................................................................................... 129
Stopping SVMs ....................................................................................................... 130
Restoring the root volume of an SVM .................................................................... 131
Promoting a load-sharing mirror copy ........................................................ 132
Promoting a data-protection mirror copy .................................................... 133
Promoting a new FlexVol volume .............................................................. 134
Controlling and monitoring I/O performance to SVMs by using Storage QoS ...... 135
Managing access to the cluster (cluster administrators only) .............. 137
Managing user accounts .......................................................................................... 137
Access methods for user accounts ............................................................... 138
Authentication methods for user accounts .................................................. 139
Enabling Active Directory domain users to access the cluster ................... 140
Commands for managing user accounts ...................................................... 141
Managing access-control roles ................................................................................ 142
Predefined roles for cluster administrators .................................................. 142
Predefined roles for SVM administrators .................................................... 143
Considerations for customizing an access-control role ............................... 145
Customizing an access-control role to restrict user access to specific
commands .............................................................................................. 148
Managing rule settings for user names and passwords in an access-
control role ............................................................................................. 150
Considerations for password rule settings ................................................... 151
Commands for managing access-control roles ............................................ 152
Managing firewall service and policies ................................................................... 154
Creating a firewall policy and assigning it to a LIF .................................... 155
Commands for managing firewall service and policies .............................. 157
Managing SSH security configurations ................................................................... 158
Commands for managing SSH security configurations .............................. 160
6 | System Administration Guide for Cluster Administrators
Managing public keys ............................................................................................. 160
Commands for managing public keys ......................................................... 161
Managing digital certificates for server or client authentication ............................. 161
Generating and installing a CA-signed digital certificate for server
authentication ........................................................................................ 163
Installing a server intermediate certificate .................................................. 165
Providing mutual authentication ................................................................. 165
Installing the root certificate of an SSL server ............................................ 168
Commands for managing digital certificates .............................................. 169
Managing access to web services ............................................................................ 170
Managing the web protocol engine ............................................................. 171
Managing web services ............................................................................... 173
Managing SSL ............................................................................................. 175
Configuring access to web services ............................................................ 176
Managing audit settings .......................................................................................... 180
Commands for managing audit settings ...................................................... 181
Managing the cluster time (cluster administrators only) ..................... 182
Commands for managing the cluster time ............................................................... 183
Managing licenses (cluster administrators only) ................................... 185
License types and licensed method ......................................................................... 186
Commands for managing licenses ........................................................................... 187
Managing jobs and schedules .................................................................. 189
Job categories .......................................................................................................... 189
Commands for managing jobs ................................................................................. 189
Commands for managing job schedules .................................................................. 191
Backing up and restoring cluster configurations (cluster
administrators only) ............................................................................ 193
What configuration backup files are ....................................................................... 193
Managing configuration backups ............................................................................ 193
How the node and cluster configurations are backed up automatically ...... 193
Commands for managing configuration backup schedules ......................... 194
Commands for managing configuration backup files ................................. 195
Recovering a node configuration ............................................................................ 196
Finding a configuration backup file to use for recovering a node .............. 196
Restoring the node configuration using a configuration backup file .......... 197
Recovering a cluster configuration ......................................................................... 198
Table of Contents | 7
Finding a configuration to use for recovering a cluster .............................. 198
Restoring a cluster configuration from an existing configuration ............... 199
Synchronizing a node with the cluster .................................................................... 201
Managing core dumps (cluster administrators only) ............................ 202
Methods of segmenting core dump files ................................................................. 202
Commands for managing core dumps ..................................................................... 203
Commands for managing core segmenting ............................................................. 204
Monitoring the storage system ................................................................ 206
Managing event messages ....................................................................................... 206
Setting up the Event Management System .................................................. 207
Commands for managing events ................................................................. 209
Managing AutoSupport ........................................................................................... 210
When and where AutoSupport messages are sent ....................................... 211
How AutoSupport creates and sends event-triggered messages ................. 212
How AutoSupport On Demand obtains delivery instructions from
technical support .................................................................................... 213
Types of AutoSupport messages and their content ..................................... 214
Structure of AutoSupport messages sent by email ...................................... 215
AutoSupport severity types ......................................................................... 216
Requirements for using AutoSupport .......................................................... 216
Setting up AutoSupport ............................................................................... 218
Getting AutoSupport message descriptions ................................................ 220
Commands for managing AutoSupport ....................................................... 220
Information included in the AutoSupport manifest ..................................... 222
What My AutoSupport is ............................................................................ 223
Troubleshooting AutoSupport ..................................................................... 223
Monitoring the health of your system ..................................................................... 227
How health monitoring works ..................................................................... 227
What health monitors are available ............................................................. 229
Receiving system health alerts automatically ............................................. 230
Responding to degraded system health ....................................................... 231
Configuring discovery of cluster and management network switches ........ 233
Verifying the monitoring of cluster and management network switches .... 234
Commands for monitoring the health of your system ................................. 235
Using dashboards to display critical system information ........................................ 238
Getting notified of dashboard alarms .......................................................... 239
8 | System Administration Guide for Cluster Administrators
Commands for managing dashboards ......................................................... 240
Monitoring cluster performance .............................................................................. 241
What objects, instances, and counters are ................................................... 241
Decisions to make before you view performance data ............................... 242
Viewing performance data for a time period .............................................. 243
Viewing continuously updated performance data ....................................... 245
Commands for monitoring cluster performance ......................................... 246
Displaying environmental information ................................................................... 247
Managing system performance (cluster administrators only) ............. 248
Managing workload performance by using Storage QoS ....................................... 248
How Storage QoS works ............................................................................. 250
Controlling and monitoring workload performance .................................... 256
Example: Isolating a workload .................................................................... 258
Example: Proactively setting a limit on non-critical workloads ................. 260
Example: Proactively setting a limit on workloads in a shared storage
infrastructure .......................................................................................... 261
Commands for controlling and monitoring workloads ............................... 262
Increasing WAFL cache memory ........................................................................... 264
How Flash Pool aggregates and Flash Cache compare ............................... 265
Enabling and disabling WAFL external cache ............................................ 266
Caching normal user data blocks ................................................................ 266
Caching low-priority user data blocks ........................................................ 267
Caching only system metadata .................................................................... 267
Displaying the WAFL external cache configuration ................................... 268
Displaying usage and access information for WAFL external cache ......... 268
Preserving the cache in the Flash Cache family of modules ....................... 269
Improving read performance ................................................................................... 271
What read reallocation is ............................................................................. 271
Commands for managing read reallocation ................................................ 272
Improving write performance .................................................................................. 272
How free space reallocation optimizes free space ...................................... 272
When to enable free space reallocation ....................................................... 273
When to use free space reallocation with other reallocation features ......... 274
Types of aggregates that free space reallocation can and cannot optimize . 274
Commands for managing free space reallocation ....................................... 274
Table of Contents | 9
Managing peer relationships for data backup and recovery (cluster
administrators only) ............................................................................ 275
Managing cluster peer relationships ........................................................................ 275
What a cluster peer is .................................................................................. 275
Connecting one cluster to another cluster in a peer relationship ................. 275
Displaying a cluster peer relationship ......................................................... 290
Modifying a cluster peer relationship .......................................................... 291
Deleting a cluster peering relationship ........................................................ 291
Managing jobs on another cluster ............................................................... 292
Managing SVM peer relationships .......................................................................... 294
What an SVM peer relationship is .............................................................. 295
States of SVM peer relationships ................................................................ 296
Creating an SVM peer relationship ............................................................. 297
Accepting an SVM peer relationship .......................................................... 299
Rejecting an SVM peer relationship ........................................................... 300
Modifying an SVM peer relationship .......................................................... 302
Deleting an SVM peer relationship ............................................................. 303
Suspending an SVM peer relationship ........................................................ 304
Resuming an SVM peer relationship .......................................................... 305
Displaying information about SVM peer relationships ............................... 305
Glossary ..................................................................................................... 307
Copyright information ............................................................................. 315
Trademark information ........................................................................... 316
How to send your comments .................................................................... 317
Index ........................................................................................................... 318
10 | System Administration Guide for Cluster Administrators
Differences between cluster and SVM
administrators
Cluster administrators administer the entire cluster and the Storage Virtual Machines (SVMs,
formerly known as Vservers) it contains. SVM administrators administer only their own data SVMs.
Cluster administrators can administer the entire cluster and its resources. They can also set up data
SVMs and delegate SVM administration to SVM administrators. The specific capabilities that cluster
administrators have depend on their access-control roles. By default, a cluster administrator with the
“admin” account name or role name has all capabilities for managing the cluster and SVMs.
SVM administrators can administer only their own SVM storage and network resources, such as
volumes, protocols, LIFs, and services. The specific capabilities that SVM administrators have
depend on the access-control roles that are assigned by cluster administrators. For more information
about SVM administrator capabilities, see the Clustered Data ONTAP System Administration Guide
for SVM Administrators.
Note: The Data ONTAP command-line interface (CLI) continues to use the term Vserver in the
output, and vserver as a command or parameter name has not changed.
Related concepts
Managing SVMs (cluster administrators only) on page 93
Predefined roles for cluster administrators on page 142
Predefined roles for SVM administrators on page 143