Whither Saudi Arabian-Yemeni Relations?

42 Pages·2010·2.85 MB·English

by  John Duke Anthony

� U.S-.G CCC oRPORACToEo PERATCIoOMNM ITTEE, INc.
·
� - ---
WhithSearu dAir abiaYne-menRie lations?:
IntereasntdIs 1n plicatfioorUn .sS P.o licies
BY
JOHND UKEA NTHONY
R A 0
S A U D I
BAHR,AJ�
0 Riyadh
�
A R A
IndOicaena n
ISSUE BRIENFOS. 3 1999
·
·toi\iMiiiliti�
tts:-GooBium niirliii-i:lioiooli�� fi rN-c:
· -
.: BUiiLDil.BNiGu oGES
JJJ:WQO S_iQilL�IlSEISNSE; S�TO-� �E0O P�;r L�_'E.Q P. �E
TheG CCC ountries:
Bahr+a Kiunw a+ iOtm a+n Q at+a Sra uAdria b+ iUan itAreadbE mirates
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t
r
t..l
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Vision
TheU .S.-GCCoCrp oraCtoeo peratCioomnm ittiesae g roupionfg
Americcaonr porations tdoes dtirceantgetdht ernaidannedg invest­
mentr elatbioentsw etehneU n iteSdt ataensdt hes icxo untroife s
theG ulCfo operatCioounn c(iGlC C).
Mission
Toi nfoArmme riclaena dearnsdt hep ublaitct hel ocaslt,a taen,dn a­
tionlaelv ealbso utth es hareidn teraensdtc so mmon concerns
amongt heU .Sa.n dt hes iGxC C countries;
Toe nhantcheec apabiloifttihees'b ffiqcef �U.�SS.ep .ec iTarla de
�
Representaantdti hveDe e partmenf��tsm� merceD,e fensSet,a te,
andT reasury;
Toa ssiGsCtC countoryffi ciaalnsd
U.Sc.o unterpaanrdt s;
Toi nformme mberasn dt he
andr elatdeedv elopments
·
tionasn de ducational
Contents
Introduction 3
II! E!EI: 1!: E12 1!i E!l Ei li! E; E!Ell llliiiS £ UE I!1:! I!11!:!! m E e 11:1: II< I: EBI E! I! EllllE l!i Ill IIi e a:; IilIiiii! liI!!E t; E cr?: E ll1 E i!ltll:!l l!i Elli 11!1 r:z
Perspe1Tc:ht Eein vdeg aiNmsie g h. ..(....I.). .............................................4. .. .....
. .. .. . .... . . . . . ..
Pepresct2i:Bv acekt oa NoarntSdho uYtemhe n.?.. ................................................5.. ...
.. . . . .
Persp3eA:cR teiupvbelo ifcE asYetm en.?.. ..........................................................5. ...
.. . . . . ...
Persp4eY:cem teinvP'eos l iStyisctaelm and i.t.s. .N...e..i..g....h....b....o..r...s.. ..5.. .
.... . . .. . .. . .. ..
Persp5eN:co tE invideSn g ih..t... ......................................................6... .
. ... . ... . .. . .. . .. ...... .. ....
Persp6eA:cP toitveeRn etigioanMlai illt aRroylf roeY emeinO sp po.s.e.d... ..............6... .
. . ...
Persp7eTc:ht Eein vdeg aiNmsie gh ..(...I.I...).. ................................................7.. .
. . . .... . . . . . .. .
Analysainsd A ssessment 9
....... .... .. ........ ... ..... .... ...... .....
Perspec1ti:Tv heeE ndgamiesN igh( I) 9
............. .................. ............................
ThPee rspeRcotoi.tv.s.e .'.s.. ........................................................9. ..
. . . ..... ..... . .... ..... . . . . . ... . .. .
The FAaicd.t ..o..r.. .....................................................1..0
. .. . .. . . .... ...... ..... . ....... ... ......... ...... ..
Th1e9 9C4i vWiar.l. ......................................................................................1.....2..... .. ......
ThTeri boefseY me.n. .............................................................13
. . . . ... . .. ..... ............ . ..... ... ......
Changed aCniecrs..c u.m s.t . . . . . . . . . . . .1 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DiopmlacCyh'asl l.e..n...g..e.. .......................................................................1. 6. .
. . . . . . . . . .. .. ....
LabotrhiPeno gi .n...t. ..................................:. . . . . . . . 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
.. . .. . .. .... . ... . . ....
LegCaolnd seira.t. i o.n s. . . . . . . . ... ... .. ... .... ... .1.. 8 .. . ... . .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Perspec2t:iBv aec kt oa N ortahn dS outYhe men? ..... 19
......... .......... . ... ............
ThAet trcati.o..n.. ........................................................................2..0.. ...
. . . . . . .. . ... . .... ...... .. .. . ..
AS nigapSoilrne.g ?. ....................................................2..1. ....................................... ...........
AN auctaNile ckl.a.c.e. ...................................................2.... 2.... .........................................
ThCeo nstr.ai.n.ts. ..................................................................2...3.. .....................................
ThDey namoifcTsiL mawe,a, n Vden tuCraep i.t.a.l. .........................................2. ...3... ..........
Perspec3ti:Av Ree publoifcE asYte men? 24
.............................. ............ ..........
Th"eM inus.e..s..". ................................................................................2.. 4.. ........................
Th"eP lu.s.e.s". .................................................................2..5... ................ ...........................
MorMei nutshePasln u.s""e."s.. .................................................2..6.. .................................
...
Perspec4t:iYv eem en'Pso liictal Syasntdei mtN se ighbors . 26
....................... ...
VIctimizati on.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
ThAeb seonfAc leet rnati.v.e..s.. .......................................2..8.. ...................................... ......
Perspec5ti:Nv oe E ndi nS ight 30
....................... ............... ................. ................
Perspec6t:iAv Peo teinatRle giaolnM ilirtyRa olef oYre meni sO pposed3 1
..
OfficiVaile awnsPd o puCloanrs e.n.su.s. .........................3.. ..0.. .................................... .......
Geo-PoalsaCi otnisc.tsa. n..t. ................................................3..3. ....................................... .
YemeasnP oteBnatliaa.nl.c e..r.. ...............................................3..3.. ....................................
ThMeu tuQaulet soEt nhaeDn ecterarneDdne cefen s.e. .....................3..4.. ..........................
Perspec7t:iTv heeE ndgamiesN igh( II} 34
............................... .........................
ThSetr atCeagliccou lflnutseF ruellsfmtie .ln..t. ..........................3...4 .. ...................................
FoSrua dAir ab.i..a. . . .. .... .... . ...................35
.... . ...... ...... .... ....... ... .. ....... . ..... ..· . .......... . . ..... ... . .. ..
FoYrem en. .............................................................................3..5. .................................. ....
FoBro th 36
..........................................................................................................................
FoTrh eFirri ePnadrstn,ae nrds A,th leeldC i oal.it.i.o.n. ................3..7 .. .................................
RegianodnG allbo aIln tearStet sakt.es. .................................................3..7 .. .......................
Fro&n Bta ccko veArd:a pftoremdM ichJaeenln YEMEeNr , Redisco(vLeornedLdoo nn:g mParne 1s8s93,p) p,1. 2& 13.
ory earresl,a bteitownSesae unAd rbiai aan Ydem ent,w o frtiheen ds of
F
United hSvateba etemenas r,k beyod p optruyna intpdr moisien terdr upte
byi ntietrtmceonntcft al nitde nsTihomeno .ss tgi nicfanidtip sutheai sn volved
borddeerm atricoMano.sb to rdaerrmese antfu ntcota iso nb roifcd ogoepse ra­
tiobnut,th oep piothsea osft ebne etnhc ea soefl t aea loan1 ,g 3 0i0-lmep udtiesd
bounrydb aetwteheen ctowuroni tes.
Thmeo srte cteanltok nbs o rddeerm atricboaent wReiedynha a nSdna aa' -
SauAdriai baa'nsYd em enc'asp itals-1s99t5aa,rn wtdee rdfe o iwlnel dbo y
bordcelra sihn1e 99s7t hcaotn tisnpuoedrdia,c ailnlt1yo99, 9I .nt hpea yseta r
anadh altf,ht ew o couhnatvbreei ewenos r ktionwga rreds oltvhiiedrnsi gp u.t es
Becaucsoen floivcebtro rdfeorrstm hse ciesnestb ureatlw tehee,nm iitsth e
centirsasalud eds rseeidnt hmiosn ograph.
Att hsea mtei mteh,ea rrese e vedriartale n cidn dierocencotml niikcbs e tewne
SuadAir abainYade m enT.h elsniek osft einn vomluvteu ablelfnyiel co ipaportu­
nitfioesrst rotnigbeeesrt wReieaynd ahn Sda naa.B' u to,n occeacsoinoonm,i c
isshuaevasel sloetd ofr itcioOnn.oe f th em ossti gnicfiucrarinestns ctuo ensc erns
thneu mbeYrem eoinfs sthhoaubtle pd e rimttteowd o riknS uadAir baia.
Theisses ueost,h dearinussds c sheedr eariehn i,g hslinygi finctna ootn lfyo r
SaudAir abanidYa e menb,uf to trh emiorsi tmo prtGarnetPa otw pearr t-ntehre
UnitSetdas tI.en t hpee raihoedaa rd e,s olouftt hieodsnipe su tweishl alv ae
majori mpoanct tha eb iloiftth Gieue lCsfo operCaotuinocni l s(trGeCnCg)t hteon
deterarneddne cfeec naspeai bttiifoela scc hela elntgore esg ipoenaaaclnes d tb ailaisty
posbeyId r aannId r aq.
ThGeC Cc omspresisic xo untBraiherKsau:iw na,Oi mta,nQ ,at aSra,u Adria bia,
antdh Uen itedE miArreaasYtb.em en( alwointIgahr na nIdr aiqns)o a tm emboeftr h e
GCCB.u fto,ol wliSnuagd Air abiiittas h, le a ragnemdso tsp to pucloouunsitry tn h e
Arabian PYeeQlneiannl osscuocl uaop.ni oeeft s hP ee ninmsousslttrae a'gtssi ict es,
whiiceshn hanbcyte hldeco aotnoi fi tdse ewpa-tpeorrA td,e n.
Yemeng'eso griapcpo histiiotpnso,f r atc ialnirdte icedesen,vot ep lmeinintn st erna­
tiosnhailp hpaivbnerg o ugihmtp oirtttstoa h nweco er latdte'nsto inocaneg aBienc.a use
ofYeme'nss tr eagtsiicign ficceaa nndc liotrslsetea oi nswhiiIthpr dauqr inKgu wtahiet
criosf1i 99s0a n1d99 1i,tt iimste ol ya ntahrleey tlzieao nbsehtiwYpee meenna n d
SauAdria bainad- rtehseu ilmtpioanftcg th r ieslo antsiohnit phU en iStettdaset ,h e
ultidmeafteeon ftdheerts weco o uinetrs.
Whafto llioasmw usl cteitfaeandas lioysft hciospm lreexl attihoeatnx sahmiipn es
Saudi aAnrYdaem beinfrao ms evseenp tapere sarpeec.stT ihvien formaanitdni soing ht
drahwesva iolnty h aeu othre'mspr iiocbasle irovananstdd i usscsiwoinntsehl a eyrq ual
numboefSr asu Adriai banasn Ydem endiusr tihncego uorffsoev uiristtsoS auAdriai ba
antdrh eteoY emenov etrhp ea fisftte meonn htsF.ofu rr thcoenrt beaxctk,g raonudn d,
perspehceht adisrv aeown,n kn owleadnguden derdsitgnalgne afrnoemthd ep rivilege
off irste-xhpanods ure tcou lttghueero egrp,ae aponhpfdylo ,er ,er ieglnad tyimnoianscs
ofbotcho urnitoevset rh e thpraeasent d h aadl efc sad.e
PERSPEOCNTEf:VT EH EE NDGAMfSEN IG(H0
OnYee menpie rspeictsth itaehvtc e o ncftalsri e
paorfta" piocloyfn ibbblyiS nuagdA ir baiaI.t"
aluldetsot hmea niyn cenitdbse twtehetenw coo un­
triesh avtoehc actu rrtehvdei ciinon fti hteyi r
undermcaabtoerdd aerare.sT htee rriinqt oureys tion
spaand sef ac1t3,o0 m0i ldeip sutlenidec ,o nsttiintgu
byf atrh leo nguensstee dtf trlonitntih eMeri ddElaes t.
Givenl etnhogeftt hhd ei spbuotredaden trdh peo s­
sibdlies coovfoe iralyn d/goadrse piotissnt haer ea,
thpeo tensttiafkaoelbrs o tcho uinetasrn idn svteors
arseu basnittal.
Accogrt doti hsnpi erstpievsceo,mY eem enbiesil eve
thRaiyta d'hosb cjteiivsne o stom uctho seize the
teririewtsho ertrheie n dceinhtasvo ec curRraetdh.e r,
they iitsts ao "y ,e rnocahcehra ent dh eurneta li elv el
ofi netroalnacmoen Ygem einis rs e achedw iwlhli ch
provdoiksees neitldm eenttoso vertthhrceoo wur ny'ts
Predsein'tA,l' iA bldhaaS lalaenhhd,i gso vmeernnt."
Yemenwihsos ubsctroti hbpiees r escptaisvsee rt the
folilnogw:
(I)" SuadAir abainatd,oa l esesxetrKe unwta hiatv,e been
.T het erritionqr uye s-
tiosnp ansa de facto determtioon veedr tYhermeonwg' osv ernmeenvtes ri nce
1,30m0i led isputed th1e99 01-K 9uwacirti sii.,swe ,h."eI nar qi nvaded and
lnie,c onstitubtyif nagr tPCcupKiuewda.Y i emtent hesne rvaesc dh airomfta hne
thel ongesutn stetled
UN SecurCiotnuyc iIlnt.h caatc piatYyem,e nv oted
frontiinet rh eM iddle
agaitnhrseet s oltuhtaaiuthot onr itzheueds o eff ortcoe
East.
Givent hel engtho f lbierKautwea wihti,wc ahps e rcebiylv eedader isnK u­
thed isputbeodr der waiRti,ay dhW,as hingatnomdna ,no yt hcearp itals as
andt hep ossieb l symtphaettoiwcaI rrda q;
discoveorfyo ialn d/or
gasd eposiitnst he (2) Pritootr h e Kucwrainisutim se,r SouaudsAi r abians
areat,h ep otential exprersesseetdri voranesg artdhiMena gy1 990u nifica­
stakesf orb oth coun-
tioofnS ouatnhNd o rYtemhe nT.h ewye rceo ncerned
triaensd i nvestaorres
abotuhtpe o tieanlntleyg aitmivpcelai itonosfe stablishing
substainatl.
al ragearnm do rpeo pulcoouusno tnrS yua dAir abia's
southbeornrd er;
()3 Partnitcisinf p oarmSeotruhY emena'bso rsteiscvseei onist
biddu rincgi vwtiahlire n Y e meno fA pirJlu-,l1 y994a re
beliteobv eeb do uannddd e termtiogn etethd e piosri tions
anpdir vilbeagceks.
5
Pubdleimco nisotnarsgai atntshtYe em eng oveernntm's
impletmaoetnoin fW orlBdan ka nIdn tteironMnaoanle tary
Fun(dI MF)m-mreencdoeecdo normeifcoi rn1m 9s98 h ave
provithdeeeix dl leedda erasn,td h esiurp tpeowrritsh in
Yemeanc ,h antcoae da vnctehi ecra sueT.h e urroibtasn
antdir buaplr istihenantg ssu ceodm,b iwnietadhnu psurge
inh ostagea-satf aokroimfna gn- triegpirmoetr eesp­tr,e
setn the hiogfho epspto stlioetwviateorhlnSde n a aa'
Participiann ts
governimnme anntyy e rasl,ed ainsgo mteob elitehvee formeSro uth
mometnobt e u nusuparlolpyif toiarco ounsc eerfftoetrdot Yemen'asb ortive
secessiobniids t
bridnogw Pnr esiSdaelanenthhd i asd imnsittriaon.
durintgh e1 994
(4) Higrha-nkYiemnegn biesl iSeuavdAeir aibhaa cso ncludceidvwi alr ore
tha"thT,i( si .ouerr.)e, g immuesg too ;u Prr esiadnedn t beilevetdo b e
determined to
many otheeryseo,sfR iiyna hdtahhva,eep parbeen­tly
reclaitmh eir
comien seurfflaebA.ft ecro ncetdhimena gx impuoms sible
positiaonnds
tos ettthldesei p uwteew ,a kuept ofi ntdh waeta rfea ced
priivleges.
with neuwn aacncldeedp e tmaabtnhdwaset r ealtihgen
limidteemda rcbaotuendda agrerydet oi nt h1e39 4T reaty
ofTaitfoa lltohwKe i ngdtooom b tmaairni ttiemroerr iites
ansdt raltneadgp ioicst iaoton user x peFnosret .ou sg o
alownigts hu cdhe manwdosu bledp oiltiscuailc ide."
PERSPECBTAIcVKrE o A NoRTAHND S ouTYHE EMN?
2:
Accortdoti hnpiges r spevcratiuiosSv uaed,Ai r abiaannds
formSeorhu Y temesneikeas r evertsoaiN oonr thS oatunhd
YemeTnh.see t hoeirstpsoi stth arte,g arodfwl heosr su les
Yemeinit,is n Sa uidA rbai'ass tartgeiicn tetrohe asvatew eak
anddi vicdoeudn otrtr wyoc, o uinettsro, siotusit .hae,r .e,tt uorn
tehY emenA raRbe pblui(cN oYretmb;e nS;a naa)' tahnPede ople's
DemotcirRcaep ubolfYi ecm e(nS tohYu emenA;d en).
PERPSCETI3VE:A REUPBILCO FE ASTY EME?N
Thipse rstpiehvcoel tdhsai tna, d dittoti hoNeno rYtemhe na nd
SoutYhem ent heaxti sptreitdooM r a y1 990v,a riSoauusAd riai b­
anasn Ydem enwiosu llkidet oc reaat theiY remde no,ra tl eaas t
dieffrent secaonEn adsY etmo ennec, o -mproifts heed
Hadramaanwidtt n se ighboritneg tthgeoeoa vsMetar,hn ,ra a
whiacbhu tthsSe u alntaotfOe m an.
PERCSTPIEVYEE EMN'sP ounLcS AYSMT IENT HEEY EoSF
4: Irs
NEIGHBORS
VaroiuYsem enairsg tuheaa mt a jo,anr dp osstihbdele yfi nitive,
cauosfte h fel areo-vuetprhps ea sftey we rash atsod ow ith some
oft hmeo raecr h-ceornvisavoteffi ciiatnl hsge o vernmeonftht ess ix
JOHND UKEA NTHONYI SSBUREI ENFOS.3 1999
6
GulCfo opaetriCoonu in(lcG CCc)o unetsBr:ahi rianK,u wiat,
OmanQ,at aSrua,d Air abainatd,h U en itAerdaE bm irsa.Tt hee
perspepcotstiihvttaesht eosffieic aalrsie nv arydienggr ees
oppotsoYe emde nf'osr omfr egiamnewd o ullidtk ose e iet
collpas.eI fto cuosnYe emse no'nsg oeixnpge riwmietpnhot lsi ti­
capllr ualidsemm,ot cirtzoaiana,n d ptrhoev iosfui noinv ersal
suffrianig ete sel citons.
Yemenwihsoa dhetrote h piesr speccotnuicdvlteeh sato me
GCCm emebr-stlaedtaeerrsse' g arde xspuecrthiai mtoeanntt hsi
staignte h ree gion's dteobv eie -llitlompeamdne ddna tn gerous.
They bellieedvaeera sras epu pchrhee nstihvtaeht se p iibtre hind
Yemenp'olsi triecfaolir lfme suft,n oppocsoeupdlo,ds sibly
sprteaood t hceorut rneisi nt hAer abPieannnsi u,al nadw,er iet to
dos ot,h emiorrt er aodniastlsyi teomfgs o verncaonubcleed
threenaetd.
Somep rominent PERSPE5C:TN IoV EEND I NS GIHT
Saudiasn d Yemenis
believe twhhaatt Thipse rspeicspt oipvuaelm oanrpg r omiYnemeenntii ne tllec­
hasb eenh appen­ tusaa lnadm onsgo mSeua dAir aabniassw ellIh.to ltdhsta hte
ingh asn othing to
muturaelc rimiannaadtn inoonysaa nmcoeutsnol t i etm tolre than
do witahn effotrot
"poilcaissut su.aI"lt atrhgwauhtea sht a bse ehna ppeinni ng
overthwr tohe
recyeaenrths a nso thtiodn ogw itanh e fforttoo vertthhreo w
Yemenig overn­
ment replaciet s Yemengio vernmernetpc,le ia thse aodfs tt,aed ivYiedmee ni nto
heado fs tate, twoor m orceo uinetosrrs, p uRri yaadnhSd a 'n ataot hnee ogtiat­
dividYee meni nto intga btloce o mptlet eheuinrfi nibsuhseeidsnT sh.ip se rstpievce
two orm orec oun­
conntdetsh lati ngedroiunbcgty sn,i cainsadpm e, nncthf aor
trieosrs, p urR iaydh
cauotnli ie baep heirncdei invdeedc isaimvoenlngede aesrossf
and Sanaa' t ot he
�
negotiattianbgl .e. . botcho unet.sr i
A PoTETINAlRE GIONAMLI UTARY RoYlfE MEN
PERSPECTIVE6 : FOR rs
OPPOSED
Thissc hootlh ooupfgo hptru,w l iatsho mYeem enain alysts,
reastohnSasat u Adria bdieafne pnlnsanee arnsod th eorffi ciaalrse
eitshuesrp iocfoi rno ouptsl eawsiettdhhp eo ssiimbpllteii oconafs
Washionngan'tdsS anai'nac'rse baistlieanr(gaa lnp do tential
mulattriealmli)il tadriys cusosvietorhpn eas sy ter a.
Int hvei eowfo nwee -lilnfoYremmeendai d vitsoto hrge o v­
ernmentS aniana,' " Thleta eJ ul1y99 8c lasbheetesweth ne
Kingd'anosdm Y emen'mse dfa orrrceegsa rdRinegdS eitash lean d
ofD uwaiamarhe lniokites ltoyel idan cidTehnectyos u.bl ed
Saudi Awraayob fdi ias'ypsil niagtd si sepalswuirteah p erceived
intbeyno tul rae dewrist,h tohu'etb lesosfoi ren vge''np a propri­
atceo nstiuol'wnt iatohum ro sitm protanneti g,ht bodo erveal op
quidtieeffr ednetf ernlestaei onwsihttihhpU e . Sth.a innt hpea st."
7
U1lhrtl)l bla1not9�50� byIPlthele!Ul!tlted "'-lStates..leruslprodllm, .m.abl! tiorl the Mtbnll '
SourPceen:y- '(a slamU:hdraa! J0'1 1-lMianpe( ' ol/ec(lAiouns tUinni:v eorfTs eixtay1s 99,9 ).
PERSPE7C:TT IHVEEE N DGAiMSEN IG(H !!)
Frotmh piesr spewchtiihcvahmes o, r Sea uAdria btihaann
Yemeandih ertehnKeti sn,g d'ossmt raotjbecegtiiciv steo e stab-
1i sahf iramn mdu ltiffaocuentdeuadpt oiwnoh ni tcohp ursue
Riyadha-r SealnaatI'it posrn osp.o ansesntethrstat ht pe u rpose
behitnhiden termciotntflebinecttt wste hetenw coo untarti es,
leasfta rt hKei ngdiocsmo nceirnsn oettdob , r idnogw tnh e
as as
YernenPir esiodrhe iansdt m inisRtartahtieiitrtso ,o np .r od
San'aain stiog naic nogm prehaennddsu irvaeSb alueAd ria bia­
Yemena gree(mTehnleta .ps atr atcicaolb redt wteheenom c curred
in1 394).
Threa tiofontrah lvieis e iwrs o otient dhf ea tchta attt, h e
Deceemr1b,99 4G,C CH eaodfsS taStuem miinBt a hrSaaiund,i
Ara'bKisia nFga hcdl otshemede etwiintagch l arciaotlnol
JOHND UKEA NTHONYI SSBUREI ENFOS.3 1999
thmee mber-tsomt eanrtdee lsa atnisdoe nttsth leceio rur ni'teo sut­
stanbdoirnddgie srp purtiteotosrh f eo lloswuimnmsgic th,e dfuolre d
Decem1b99e5ir Mn u scTahtee arftSearu,d i Aruanbuisau awlalsy
proactthirvodeui,grt heal ckatsn dv/ioiarn termeidanid adrrieesss,i ng
itbso rrdeelria stsewudie tOshm anQ,a t,aa nrYdem enT.hK ei ngdom's
efforttors e soiltbvsoe u nddairsypw uittehs Omanw aenrde Qatar
succeasnspdfur lo gwraersse sg isttoewraaernedd v se nrteusaoll ution
ofi tbso unddairsypw uitYteehm en.
Jupsrtit otorh M eu scSautm mhiotw,e KvienrFg, ahsdu effrae d
storkaen wda rse prebsyeH netiAerpd p arHeRHn Ptr i'nAcbed allah.
KinFga hhdan so att teanG dCeCsd u mmsiitnE cvees.no t ,hi en ter­
ventiwnegl vep-emropinrootddhu pceods irteisviueSnl a tusYd emie-ni
relaTthiteow nsosi .ds eisg an1 e99d5M emoranodfuUmn derstanding
decltahrei ntigron e tseontlhtvde eiie rffer ncpeesa ceafunlrdle yfl ecting
agreeomnwe hnatpt a,r tiictnih pteaa nlhtkassvi en dicraetperde,s ents
"motrhena in npeetryco efthn eit s souuetss tanding."
Wharte matiobn ess e ttrleepdr,e seonftt htaewt soii vdaeecss­
knowleidsgi,en ,ta elnrio aot,n lwyh etrhebe o undwaibrleydl r awn,
buthtel evoefcl o mpendsuaYetem ieo(nni a fn) fy oirtw si llitnogn ess
comopmrise.
Somoeu tsaindaelw yhshota svf eo llthoewseeedv ecnltossv eileyw
them atdteireff reynA.tm lontgh eamrt eh owsheao rsean guaibnoeu t
thseh ortp-rtoesrpfmeoa crS t asuY demie-naig reeomfse onmktei nd,
bucto nctlhuwadhteah tat sh gree atpeossts iobfbielisinetgty t led­
andi, nt heviirew wh,am to snte etdobse s et-tilse dbtohrebd ee­r
twetheent wcoo un.t ries
lTl suppoofthr etiv eriw th,e nyo ttheta htbe o ridosen rlo ynp ea rt
(Art4i)oc fthl e1e 3 94S auYdemie-nTia if Agreement. To paraphrase
thev ieowfo nseu cahn alwyhsiosts y pmathteYote miecn" ,Ith fet wo
sideevsei,onf n floynr o ,wc ajnu ssett tlbeo uthneddiairrs ypt uhties,
woubleadg iasnttfe opr woanrtedh ,wa otu ld bboetcnhoe ufirntit es
aneda tshewe a fyo srom ucehl se."
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