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LETTERPRESS DESCRIPTIONS,
hy, « Companion of
HOFE sR.
.
TYROL ILLUSTRATED.
ft
Bsvone attempting the deleriptioh of a Country, the political character of which has occu-
ried s0 prominent and interesting a feitre in the annals of history, and which munifcenty
‘endowed by the Handof nature, in sublimitioe delighting’ the mind of the Philosopher, in
riches of the migeral kingslom, powerfully atffacting the attention of the naturalist, and in
grand and picturesquel beauties, contmanding the enthusiastic adntiration of the artist, 4
‘succinct, bat authentic detail, of the, origin of the people as a nation, will not, by way of
prelude, prove devdld of interest:
‘The Tyrol, a eduntry the most exclusively mountainous-sin Europe, may be consierga
‘forming the centre gatecof the igignenso srescent of the Alps, whose snowy and tiéntendous
peaks, stretching fron’ the Ligurian Gulf to the Adriatic See, towet in lofty gréndeur and
supremacy above the luxoriant and Dyaptiful gardens of Italy on the one side, and chadow
the ttle valve‘ Gernmny on thf ster. "Though tho boundaries of this error te
indistinctly defined by nature, being divided {nto several parts, differing! in climate and
caltore, and the inhabitants in language and manner, in disposition and sand, yot has the
countsy dari: many of the political canvulsifns of central Europe, notwithspanding ite
-amitheticalcliarscter, shown 8 uaty qui engy of spit which excited the attention nnd
called forth}themadmiration of the * greatest Gyneral eS the agg,” hen his wittoriovg arms
n Italy had caused his name to be wafted with renayn Yyough the astonished world in
1200 and 7 a9 ela in 3800, whine hp atnned the aeith of hig gloyPapd the
neme of hia apparently irtesistible found,
In the caslier ages, @ band of Trojan fobitives headed by Antenor, lajded on, the
shores of the interior gulf of the Adrigfic, seized on the posses
who del betwen the fig, PS nnd the Alps, forcing the inhabitaMs to take refuge ia thy
northere: mountai he Tertle valley of thy Brénta js still denominated the Eagenesh
‘ale, and the Kogoncan spring gill pours jth ite linpid watery near Honcegno Sore
colonics of” thesTuseans having experitnced Amilar gppression fromthe predatory iayoads of
the Gaol, eommyuylgd 1 Reflovie and Segwvis, gl with their chiefain Rhetasygto We
northern Alps, and confertsd the appellation of Rhygja on that partof the country.
Man, Verona, andtfnza owe their ofigiu to the Victorious Gauls, together With the
town of Bergamo, situated at the foot of the ips, noar whose defiles they slao raised Como
and Brescia, beilding likewise, in a triangular onfine of the mountains, the city of Trenta.
Ja rocen of timesthe Buguneane and Tuscune unitedarph,e thir, pd more gaporjant
calgny, that of the Celtic Gauls. .
"The Cimbri, who were accustomed to make use of their shields as sledges, thus
N° 1, Tyrol.
y ¢ «TYROL ILLUSTY ATED. .
Aescending,from the Alpine moantsins of Trenta into the (xtensive and penceful'vallen of
the Adiga, Hayghtly domanded, fron: the brave oosipabts tht soi,“ lands in exchange
for military services.” A war consequently ensued, which Wd get terminate for thirteen
years, when Marius, the conqueror of the Tuetons near Ait, obtained.a decisive victory
over these barbarians. .
Reverting ndw to the Roman History, it appears, t thét-Octatianus' Augustus, esteeming
the portion of Cress wil the most important, whith reoomsaengfl wo his couitrymen
the protection of Rome from a second Galke invasion, and dreadifg, St the same time,
the fated prophesy, which foretold, that. déstrucfion, from the¢North wps to overwhelm:
the mistress of the‘world,” gonsidered the most’ effectual méans avefting the pre
Action, were by subjugeling thd inhabitants of the, ps
In order to carry his plans into execation, he entristed the gdmmand of « large
bdedyfof troops to his two adopted sons, Drusus and Tiberius. Dnisus marched up the
borders of the Adige, subjecting the country in the reighbourhoog of the river; while
Tiberius phrsued his éous0 from Gaul, exploring the hitherto unknown sonrees of the
Dapube and the Rhine, following the course ofthe Jitter river, as far 8x the lake of Con-
stance, The Romen arms proved triumphant, and !1here the Roman conynered, thers
he also dvelt “by constracting roads ond facilitating the means of communication between
the various towns and encampmente ‘the Romans not only rendered mor8 permanent their
conquests, but by bringing into closer contact thevinhbitants of differgnt distticts, induced
the incipient’ principles of civilization amoig their rad and-more uncultivated subjects
Drasug mad8 Joseways, thrgugh thet inhospifable and dangerous Highlands td the anks
of the Ister, the whole of this rivar boing now comprised undér the-appullntion of the
Danulg!twhicheformed the northern extremity &f thé Roman Empire’; the epposite banks
bounding the extensive territory of Germany. :
{Qn thelample bosom of ‘the mighty Danube, the monarch of Furopess river, floated
numerous ships of yar; the banks being deferled at a distance of evely mile hy lofty
towecs, ramparts and enfrattied castles, extending frotn the confluepee of the Lech near the
Ancients and inportant settlement = Vindelicorum, the present fugQbnr,
‘originally established ly Augustus and enla\red by Adgian, to the junetion gf the river
Save nar the town of*Relgrde; the Danfbe making the boundary lie ‘as far nx the
lack Spa, thus uniting the European withethe Asiatic pgssestions yf,Rome. ©,
inhabitants cipable of beating arm wet enlited intd the Roman legions, many
of whdin were rent into Italy, and the mostintractablp sold as STEYEs, Civil and sunicipal
authorities were appointed with due considéretion to the situation, manners, and customs
of the people. The city of Tridemrum, thé modern ‘Trent, formed the kty of the lower
‘Aadjge aul the Bropta ; the ridge orected hy the intrepid Drusus cominanding the Delon
guiment oth of the Eisack and Telfer. Sahiona constitated part of the fortificatigns,
whith aurrounded the valies of the Hisack and the Reinz, extending ftom Seben to the moun-
‘TYROL ILLUSTRATED.
Brenner and Jaufen; and inttheplaids of Innsbruck rose the city of Veldidena, yiere the two
principal fossroads unitedyghe Aorthgm leading to Augsburg, and the eastern to Salzburg,
The prima and secunda Rbetia, called also Vindelicia, comprehended all the provinces,
* situated between the Alps and the Danube. On the borders of the river Inn commenced
the Noricum-Ripuaridm, aid the'higher Pononia, at the Kahlenberg ned Vienna ; south
‘Noricunt comprising cjyntraleAustria, * .
‘After the death oP Attila, the celebrated hing of the HTuns, who boasted the impious
appellation of the “scourge of God,” ang w¥tse reign of terror and conquests had passed,
like a blezing* meteor, over great pirt of the world, even from Cima to the banks of the
Marne; and after yore when Odgacer, king of the Heruli, in 476, had destroyed the
western empire of under Romulus Momylius; the country was overrun by the Bast-
Goths, hpuded by thtir king the brave Theodoric, who placeds the two divisions of Rfhetia
under the command gf a chosen ficer, with the title of Duke, retaining the forts best
adapted for the government of the provinces. At the same timey tite youthful Clovis van-
quished the Romans near Soissons, ag eteated Gaul the kingdom of the Franks; apd
having also, at the battle ofsTolbiae, Grea «a ignal victory over the Allemanni, the atien-
tion of the Franks became directed tavards the countzies of Allemania and Thuringi
‘on the demise of the renowned Theodoric of Bema, the whole of ‘Thuringia came under the
dominion of Gaul. ,The Heruli, Rutii, Bajuvares or Bavarians and other trifes, wlio had
entered into a Confederation, conclitled qutrenty ‘of peace with the Franks, to whose kingdom
they were nerwards annexed. : fo of ar)
The Fast-Goths, betng continually harassed andhadeiewed 47 the emyfrors of Cone
stantinople, permitted the Franks tot ocethy the right benk of the Banube, as ve ax 0
postion of the Alps, in hope of engagtag them as gllies, or induting them to become nentral.,
‘After the duration however of sixty years, their fower was entirely destroyed, in,553, ly,the
famous general Belisarius, the conqueror @f the Persians and Vandals, .
‘The posseasidn of Uhp ,Tyrolian frontiors was ofteh the xcen@of contest between"
Longuburdi and Bajuvares; and there still exists, off thesbauks of ,the Avigjo, the dons:
bardinn and Teutonic fermini or bgundary staes. ‘The Bavarians preserved! the privileye *
of being goveryed by an hereditary Duke, Slectedsfrom the family of Agilolfinges, und
Garibald, the first of these pripces, formed awelliance with the Longobards, intendips hf
theso "means to render thtmselvew free from the gsarercignty of the Franks ; but every
attempt™proved unsuccesstdf, and Dgpiglerius, the last of the Langobardian prince, wy
Aefeated and taken prisoner by Charlemagne,a&d, in 788, Thassilo, the unfortunate king of
“Bavaria, shared the same fate. . .
the successive reigns of the weak and indecisive grandghildren of Charlegagnes
constant gud vexatious system of warfare wag carried on, under various protexts agpinft the
andtent ducal families, with the view of destroying the nationality othe several petty,Status.
tains neaf Brixen. Vipiteno vs built in the marshes of Bterzing, at the foot of mount
and
