Table Of ContentTRANSNATIONAL
ACTORS IN
WAR AND PEACE
This page intentionally left blank
TRANSNATIONAL
ACTORS IN
WAR AND PEACE
Militants, Activists, and Corporations
in World Politics
DAVID MALET
and
MIRIAM J. ANDERSON
Editors
Georgetown University Press
Washington, DC
© 2017 Georgetown University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be
reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher.
The publisher is not responsible for third-party websites or their content. URL links were
active at time of publication.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Malet, David, 1976- editor, author. | Anderson, Miriam J., editor, author.
Title: Transnational Actors in War and Peace : Militants, Activists, and Corporations
in World Politics / David Malet and Miriam J. Anderson, editors.
Description: Washington, DC : Georgetown University Press, 2017. | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifi ers: LCCN 2016035821 (print) | LCCN 2016058220 (ebook) | ISBN
9781626164420 (hc : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781626164437 (pb : alk. paper) |
ISBN 9781626164444 (eb) |
Subjects: LCSH: Transnationalism—Political aspects. | International relations.
Classifi cation: LCC JZ1320 .T717 2017 (print) | LCC JZ1320 (ebook) | DDC
327.1—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016035821
∞ This book is printed on acid-free paper meeting the requirements of the American
National Standard for Permanence in Paper for Printed Library Materials.
18 17 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 First printing
Printed in the United States of America
Cover by Rebecca Lown Design.
Cover images from left to right, top to bottom: NATO Mercenary (INTERFOTO / Alamy
Stock Photo); employee of the German Red Cross (dpa picture alliance / Alamy Stock
Photo); United States Social Forum (Jim West / Alamy Stock Photo); No More War
Demonstration, ca. 1920 (Swarthmore College Peace Collection #B8); masked militants
holding the ISIS black banner of Muhammad (Handout / Alamy Stock Photo); African
Union Commission for Somalia and AMISOM Senior Political Offi cer at a meeting with
Somali Diaspora Community (Africa Collection / Alamy Stock Photo); demonstration in
Myanmar (REUTERS / Alamy Stock Photo).
To my family across three countries,
who have given me love, support, and continuity
D.M.
For Sarah Marie Anderson and Amanda Kathleen Anderson,
my strong, vibrant, and supportive sisters
M.J.A.
This page intentionally left blank
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction: The Transnational Century 1
David Malet and Miriam J. Anderson
1 Knights of Columbus Catholic Recreation Clubs in
Great Britain, 1917–19 24
Luke Flanagan
2 Transnational Feminist Praxis in the Women’s International
League for Peace and Freedom in the Aftermath of the
Second World War 42
Catia Cecilia Confortini
3 Governing Confl ict through Transnational Corporations:
The Case of Confl ict Minerals 61
Virginia Haufl er
4 Beyond the Confl ict: Diasporas and Postconfl ict
Government Reconstruction 84
Jennifer M. Brinkerhoff
5 Exiles and Political Islam: Contrasting Khomeini’s
Religious Nationalism with bin Laden’s Violent Globalism 105
Ariel I. Ahram and John Gledhill
6 Foreign Fighters in the Syrian Civil War 124
David Malet
7 Mercenaries Gone Legit: Private Security Professionals and
Private Military Security Companies as Transnational Actors 146
Matthew LeRiche
vii
viii Contents
8 Transnational Humanitarian Action and Regime Complexity:
The Case of Syria 168
Phil Orchard
9 Women’s Advocacy Groups in Peace Negotiations 185
Miriam J. Anderson
10 Containing Confl ict: Authoritative Transnational Actors
and the Management of Company- Community Confl ict 197
Kate Macdonald
Conclusion: Complex Transnationalism 215
Miriam J. Anderson and David Malet
Contributors 221
Index 225
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This book is the result of an ambitious project to bring together the work of
scholars in numerous subfi elds of international relations studying transnational
actors in war and peace. Achieving a common framework and an overview of a
multitude of international relations literatures required multiple meetings and
the input of many scholars over a number of years.
The publication of this book owes to the support and perseverance of our
editor, Donald Jacobs. Gratitude is also due to the staff of Georgetown Univer-
sity Press and the two anonymous reviewers who provided useful suggestions and
critiques.
This project began when we initially met at the 2006 International Studies
Association (ISA) annual conference while we were both PhD students working
on our dissertations. Our discussions about networks and mobilization led us to
quickly recognize interesting similarities between how two starkly different types
of entities operated in transnational politics—women’s peace groups and foreign
fi ghters—that would never be noticed without conversations across subfi elds. We
were able to further this discussion at a panel at the 2008 ISA conference with
participation from Charli Carpenter, Betcy Jose, Thomas Olsen, and Christine
Sylvester.
In 2012, we received a Catalytic Grant from ISA to hold a conference
workshop, “Transnational Actors and Confl ict Outcomes,” which included the
participation of Jennifer Brinkerhoff, Mohammed Hafez, Cerwyn Moore, and
Sparsha Saha. A reporting panel on transnational violent actors at the following
year’s conference benefi ted from the additional participation of Max Abrahms,
Jonathan Agensky, and Daniela Pisiou. In 2014, we received a Venture Grant
from ISA for a workshop to plan this volume, with new participants including
Virginia Haufl er, Phil Orchard, and Michael Schroeder. We were assisted in this
workshop by two graduate students, Ryan Webb and Mark Winward.
The School of Social and Political Sciences at the University of Mel-
bourne supported this project with funding for the symposium “The Infl uence
of Non-S tate Actors in War and Peace” in November 2013, which included
ix
