The Huntington California Expedition. Anthropometry of Central California

56 Pages·1905·15.307 MB·English

by  Franz Boas

The Huntington California Expedition.
Anthropometry GCenral CalJiornia.
of
By FRANZ BOAS.
BULLETIN,
OF THE
-n critni ~us*umx oft LatnraI gtstotB,
VOL. XVII, PART IV, PP. 347-380.
New York, November t, 1905.
'Cbe tkntckerbocker iPresso,- Pev pork
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IV.- ANTHROPOMETRY OF CENTRAL CALIFORNIA.
By FRANZ BOAS.
PLATES L.-LVIII.
THE material for the following study was collected by
Dr. Roland B. Dixon in I899 and I900 in connection with the
work of the Huntington California Expedition, and by Mr.
V. K. Chesnut in I892 and I893 in connection with the ex-
tended anthropometrical investigation carried on under the
direction of the writer for the Anthropological Department of
the World's Columbian Exposition, under authority of Prof.
F. W. Putnam, Chief of the Department.
Mr. Chesnut's first measurements were taken in August,
I892, in the Round Valley Reservation. The results seemed
so peculiar that I feared some error of method might have
vitiated them. For this reason I asked Mr. Chesnut to re-
visit the reservation" repeat the measurements, and obtain
an additional series. This second series of observations were
taken in Januarv, I893.
The following table shows the results of Mr. Chesnut's
measurements on the same individuals. The first figure in
each column represents the first measurement; the second
figure, the amount to be added to the first measurement to
obtain the second.
347
348 Bulletin American Museum ofNaturalHistory. [Vol. XVII,
Length Breadth Width Height Height Width
NoN. . ofHead. ofHead. ofFace. ofFace. of Nose. ofNose.
Males.
5 I82+ 2 150-2 I46+3 I22-4 53-5 44+0
30 193+ 2 I52-2 I50-3 II8+0 50-2 40+0
34 209- 9 I55+2 I44+3 I23 -2 55-I 43+I
78 187- I I63+2 I5I+2 I23-4 55 -2 42+I
98 I8I+ 3 I52-2 I38+3 III+I 52 -5 41+I
I04 I88- I I57+0 I46-7 II0+0 47+I 42+2
I55 I95+ 2 i6o-I I47+5 I23+2 42-2
I90 I92+ 2 I55-3 I42+0 II2+3 49-4 39+0
20I 174+ 2 I43+I II7+3 86+2 35-I 32+0
202 I79-I3 I4I+I I22+4 93+2 40-4 33+0
2I4 205+ 2 I57+3 I50+2 II2+6 46-o 39+2
Females.
45 I77- 2 I42-I I3I-I IO9+0 43+I 35+2
489598 III9762I9+++ 47I 1II354294++-202 III342506+++320 II900284+++56I 444240+-[phone]-++332
I36 i8i+ O I45-6 I34+2 I05-I 44+I 40+0
137 i8o+ 4 I40-I I37+3 I05+2 46-7 36+0
I51 I89- 7 I49 -I I40-5 IOI+I 42-I 38+0
I74 '74- 5 I37+I II2+3 85+I 37-I 30+I
I79 I90- I I52+I I37+3 I05+6 42+0 37+0
i8o I89+ 2 I44-2 I30+7 I06-5 43-I 34-I
I87 I83- I I46+4 130+2 9I+7 36+I 3344+II
I95 I89+ 5 I52+I I37-4 I03+0 45-5 33+I
I96 I76+ 3 I40+4 I35+2 I00+0 47-3 34+I
I98 I94+ 0 I5I-I I36+5 104+0 44-2 44-3
207 I78+ 0 I53+2 I33+3 I04-I 46-4 37-5
208 I87+ 3 I43+3 I36+I I07+2 49+I 4I+I
2II i68- 2 I34+0 II8-8 79+3 3I+0 30+I
Aver. Diff. + o.I +O.I +I.2 +I.2 -I.6 +0.2
The square variability of these differences is equal to twice
the square of the error of measurement E2. Thus we find
fore2
Measurement. 2
Length of Head............ 9
Breadth of Head............ 2.8
Width of Face............ 6.4
Height of Face............ 4.6
Heightof Nose............ 3.2
Width of Nose............ I 5
It would seem that in the measurement of length of head
I905.] Boas, Arnthropometry of Central California. 349
for Nos. 34 and 202 the centimetres were misread, which
would account for the high error.
Foracomparison ofDr. Dixon'sandMr. Chesnut's measure-
ments only six individuals are available. In the following
table Dr. Dixon's measurements are given, and the amount
to be added to obtain Mr. Chesnut's measurements. There
seems to be a constant difference between the two measure-
ments oflength of face; otherwise the differences are so small
that they may be neglected.
Length Breadth Width Height Height Width
ofHead. ofHead. ofFace. ofFace. ofNose. ofNose.
9 I96-I I54-0 52-5 II9-3 46+2 39-I
20 202-4 I63-2 I50+0 II9-9 49-I 47-2
21 I92+0 I.52-2 I49-4 ii6-i 49+I 46-2
I00 I99-2 I54-2 I46-3 I22-6 5I+0 40+0
I55 I99-4 I62-2 I50-3 I28-5 60-2 40-2
i6i 200+7 I57-4 I36+I ii8-i 53-2 38+I
Average Diff. -0.7 -2.0 -2.3 -4.2 -0-3 -I.0
The tabulation of Mr. Chesnut's measurements gives very
variable results, which differ fundamentally from all the re-
sults obtained among the neighboring tribes. I have called
attention to this phenomenon before., With the assistance
of Dr. Dixon and Dr. A. L. Kroeber, I have been able to sub-
divide the material according to tribes. In this manner it
has been possible to determine the geographical position of
the disturbing element more accurately.
I have divided the material into the following groups:
Maidu of the Sacramento Valley, Maidu of the Foot-Hills,
Maidu of the Mountains, Pit River Indians, Pomo, Yuki,
Wintun. Besides these, there are a few isolated measure-
ments.
Following is a tabular statement of the measurements of
the more important groups.
1Verhandlungen derBerlineranthropologischen Gesellschaft, I895, pp. 401, 402.
350 Bulletin American Museum ofNaturalHistory. [Vol. XVII,
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I19o5.] Boas, Anthropometry of Central California. 35I
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1I905.] Boas, Alnropometry of Central California. 353
MEASUREMENTS OF MEN.
WIDTH OF FACE.
Maiduof Maidu
Sacra-. Maiduof of Pit
.mento Foot-Hills. Moun- River. Pomo. YuLd.
Valley. tains.
I35__ __
I36 _ I
I37 _ I
I38 _ I
I39 _-- I
I40 - -
I4I - - I
I42 - 2 I -
142 I _ I I I
I43 I I 2. _. -I
I44 - -- I 3
I45 - - I I - 2
I46 2 - 2 I - I 3
I47 - - I I I - _ 2
I48 - - I I I - - _ 2
I49 - - I 2 I 2 3
150 - - I - 2 -3
I5I - - I 2
I52 - - I - I I I
'53 - I - I
I54 - - I - I
'15556 -II - I
I57 - I _
Cases: 4 I i8 II 8 3 I 7 I 22
Averages: I44 143 146.I 145-0 149.4 152 140 150 146 I46.6
[October, 1905.]
354 Bulletin American Museum ofNaturalHistory. [Vol. XVII,
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