The Bay of Pigs (Pivotal Moments in American History)

273 Pages·2008·3.9 MB·English

by  Howard Jones

The Bay of Pigs
ALSO BY HOWARD JONES
To the Webster-Ashburton Treaty
Mutiny on the Amistad
A New Kind of War
Dawning of the Cold War
Union in Peril
Prologue to Manifest Destiny
Abraham Lincoln and a New Birth of Freedom
Crucible of Power
Death of a Generation
PIVOTAL MOMENTS
IN AMERICAN HISTORY
Series Editors
David Hackett Fischer
James M. McPherson
James T. Patterson
Brown v. Board of Education:
A Civil Rights Milestone and Its Troubled Legacy
Maury Klein
Rainbow’s End:The Crash of 1929
James McPherson
Crossroads of Freedom:Antietam
Glenn C. Altschuler
All Shook Up:How Rock ’n’ Roll Changed America
David Hackett Fischer
Washington’s Crossing
John Ferling
Adams vs. Jefferson:The Tumultuous Election of 1800
Colin G. Calloway
The Scratch of a Pen:
1763 and the Transformation of North America
Joel H. Silbey
Storm over Texas:
The Annexation Controversy and the Road to Civil War
Raymond Arsenault
Freedom Riders:1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice
Sally G. McMillen
Seneca Falls and the Origins of the Women’s Rights Movement

The
BAY
of
PIGS
Howard Jones
1
2008
1
OxfordUniversityPress,Inc.,publishesworksthatfurther
OxfordUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellence
inresearch,scholarship,andeducation.
Oxford NewYork
Auckland CapeTown DaresSalaam HongKong Karachi
KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Nairobi
NewDelhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto
Withofficesin
Argentina Austria Brazil Chile CzechRepublic France Greece
Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore
SouthKorea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam
Copyright#2008byHowardJones
PublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.
198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NY10016
www.oup.com
OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,
storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,
electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,
withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Jones,Howard,1940–
TheBayofPigs/HowardJones.
p.cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-0-19-517383-3
1. Cuba—History—Invasion,1961.
2. Counterrevolutionaries—Cuba—History—20thcentury.
3. UnitedStates—Foreignrelations—Cuba.
4. Cuba—Foreignrelations—UnitedStates.
5. UnitedStates—Foreignrelations—1953–1961. I. Title.
F1788.J6152008
972.9106—dc22 2008001591
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
onacid-freepaper
For my mom and dad, who wanted to read it, and for
my best friend Mary Ann, daughters Debbie and Shari,
and grandchildren Tim, Ashley, Lauren, Tyler,
and Katelyn, who I hope will do so.
[Richard] Bissell’s high purpose, unbounded energy,
andunswervingdevotiontodutyarebenchmarksinthe
intelligence service. He leaves an enduring legacy.
—President John F. Kennedy, March 1, 1962
Contents
Editor’s Note, xi
Acknowledgments, xv
Prologue, 1
1. Genesis, 9
2. Trinidad, 31
3. Zapata, 45
4. Politics, 75
5. D-Day, 95
6. Requiem, 113
7. Inquisition, 131
Epilogue, 153
Notes, 175
Bibliography, 215
Index, 225