Storia della filosofia medievale. Dalla patristica al secolo XIV

255 Pages·2011·11.78 MB·Italian

by  Sofia Vanni Rovighi

VITPAE NES IERO
Università
SOFVIAAN RNOIV IGHI
Stodreilfali al osofia
medievale
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INDICE
PremedsiPis eat Bro.R ossi VII
xv
Awertenza
I.Laf ilopsaotfriisat ica 3
Introdulzafi iolnoens:eo plfe inas icerrios tiano 3
1.Fidunceilarl aag ioSn.Ge i:u stliasn cou,o la
diA lessandria, Origene 5
2.IP addriCi a ppadSo.cB iaas:iS l.Gi roe,g orio
diN aziaSn.Gz roe,g odriNi ios sa 9
3.LoP seudo-DiAorneiogpiae gi tMaa sisCliom nof es1s4ore
4.IP adlrait Si.nA im:b roegS i.Ao g ostino 16
5.Boerio 27
IIL.ap rimsac olastica 33
1.Lef onet ciia ratdteelrlia spcroilmaas tica33
2.GiovaSncnoiEt roi ugena 37
3.Dialeeta tnitciid ianleseiet ctXoi-lcXiiI 40
4.S.A nselmo 44
5.Lar inasdcesilet cao XlIoI 49
6.Interpeeslrsan e a tuLraas .c uodliCa h artres51
7.Abelardo 58
8.Laf ilomsoorfaielaS e .B ernardo 64
9.Las cuodliSa a Vni ttore 67
10V.erlsaso i stematzeioolnoPegi ieLcroa m:b ardo71
11U.naf igucarraa ttedresiles ctoilcoa XII:
GiovadniSn ail isbury 73
VI INDICE
III.
Isle cXIoIIlo
7 5
1.
Lac onoscdeiAn rzias totele
7 5
Id iveicectlie sdiiAa rsitsitacoP ita erlieg i
2. 8 0
Averroè
3. 82
L'aristaoO txefloirsdmo
4. 84
L'infdleulnsluseoo cv oer rneenlttliea o logia
5. 88
AlessadniHd arleoeS s.B onaventura
6. 9 2
S.A lbeMratgon o
7. 9 8
S.T ommadsA'oq uino
8. 104
L'averlraotiisnmoo
9. 11 5
L'agostinismo post-tomistico
10. 11 8
11.
Lad iffudseitloo nmei smo
125
RiccadriMd eod iaevD iulnlSsac oto
12. 130
IV.
Isle cXIVolo
139
1.
Cridseils lcao lastica
139
Logiecg an oseologia
2. 14 3
a)Lal ogniecsiae coleiX IXVIII
14 3
b)L'intenzdiecolon naolsiecti eàplr r eo blema
degulnii vePriseaAtluriro:e oDluar,a ndo
diS aPno rziano
144
c)GuglideilO mcok ham
14 9
NicodAl'uat recourt
3. 157
L'intsecrieesnstei fico
4. 161
Inle oplatoMneiissEmtcoek:rh art
5. 16 9
L'averroismo
6. 171
Iplr oblpeomlai tico
7. 173
Biblio grafia
181
Indidceneio m i
23 1
Premessa
Inu nv olucmoem memorpautbibvloi qcuaatlotc heem pfo1a, l a
visisotnoer ioegf rialfoisdcoiaSf oifciaa RVoavninègis h tiar tiac o­
struiinot gana is pedtata ol cucnoin triFbrudati e is.sq iu,e ldlio
TulGlrieog èod reyd icaagtloi dsift iuldoims eodfiiea2•v N aolnse i
ritiqeunien,dd iir ,i propaollr ertet iolpr eer cofrastodt aol la
VannRio vingehlisl tao dreilafl ial omseodfiieav Railpeu.b blicare
ad istadnidz eac enunni' opèee rnat rianrc eo ntactotnio sl uo
autoers eiè p ensadtir oi dairnqe u esptrae meisnsq au alche
modol av ocael l'Aupterricpchreéo, p ondeisrseet taamlle entt­e
torime o tidveils luara i cefriclao saolfli'ciand,te elqrlunaao hl ae
preso lfaso urrami ac ostrduezlrilioefn lee dsisp ienosnaidt aolr i
MedioaelNv oov ecento.
NelC urriculruemd aitnto oc casidoenlce o nferidmeeln to
PremFieol tri(n1e9l8dl1ii)c hia«rNaovhnao :m ais mentliat o
miaf ormaztioomnies dtoivcuaatu, an m aestArmoa,tM oa snovo,
chmei m isseu biat oc onctoaintt teosd tiSi .T ommaesn oo nc on
raccdoilt teeas dim entTehmo m[a. e].N. .o nm is onmoa is entita
prigiodniui neafr ial oesloafbioasr eattstaee c foalp,ie rcphiéù
andaavvoa nnteigs ltiu pdiimù i p ersuacdheleve fo i lonsoonf ie
songoe niali cionsctormuuzniifocrnlaaiob rimola,si o n"oa vven­
turdee lslpoi riinct eor dceal vlear ictoàm"he,a d etutnoi llustre
studidoiAs roi staop treolpeo dseiltMloea t afailsiimcean,dt aa te
unap rofovnednaca o mun3•eL »'iddeiua n av encao munceh e
1 AA.VV.S,a piesnttuidaiLeua gm i.orn aoptear odsiSa o fViaan Rnoiv i(g1h9i0 8-a1990),
curdaiM .S ina, 1M9i9l4an.o
2T. GR.EGORYG, lsit uddfiii lomseodfiioadev iSa olfeVi aan Rnoiv iignhA iA,. VVS.a,p ientiae
studpiup1m.3-, 2 6.
'Cfri.Clu rriculpuerlm 'A ccaddeeLmiii naci enAi A,. VVS.a,p iesnttuidaipeu.1 m 1,4L .o
studciuosisfi oa r iferimèWe .nDtR.oo sCsf:Ar P.I 1:TOTETAAOM YE1:T TAA <l> Y1:I-
VIII PRE'.\IESSA
percolrasr teo dreiplae nsièei rplou ntdoiv isctoas tannetgel i
scrdietltVliaa n nRio viglhasi u,va i sidoenlefl ial oesq oufiinad i
deslu faor ef ilosÈo lf'iiadd.ieu ann ucldeipo e nsicehrero i af­
fionreal sltao dreilafl ial osionff iilao,cs hoaefp ipea idoinvoe rse.
È lac onstatmaaztiuornnaeet,la sl uara i cecrhceea s,i qsuteel la
chèed efilnaip thai lospopehrietanu ntitsna,ov nci oan cecpoimtea
unn uclsetoa tdiidc oot trqiunaaesn ie galrape o ssidbiifa lriet à
ino gntie mpfoi losboefnicsaoì,m i erl i preseaon gtnauiro smio
deplr obldeemlafl ial os«oIfflii lao:s èos faermep srtea utneo s er­
citlae'rp eo cuhnmé e,t tedrifs rio nact iecò h èes tattroa mandato,
ac icòh eèc omunemeanctcee tntealtlo' amibnic eusniivt iev e,
peers amincahrece o srae siasldt uab bcihoe,c ossaim anifesti
universaclommevene trTeoa .lè el ad istaicrcoanstioaac radtii ca
fronatlelo ep inicoonmiu nemeanmtmee stsael,ie lc ontinuo
èrnopEdìiAcr r0ims ttoatlle'ele es,da emgeal rig omepnretoc i o ntra
nelalreg omentsaczoiloansidt aiSlci ehcten ,od ni A belaarldloe
complqeusesset dieosine icX oIlIeiXI I Vt,a llaec ritbiaccao niana
degildio ildlau ,b bmieot oddiiCc aor te[.s ].il .oac ritdiiKac nat ,
l'inddaigF iincehs tueld loat trdienlsalca i eonszsasi,ua lc loen di­
zioanliql uea ulniaf ilocsoomfseic ai eènp zoas siebc iolsveìi, a .
[. ].P .i uttmoisd toom ansdeoq uerli comindcaci aaprqoeu, e l
nona ccetpteavrra el ciodmaee l emednict oos trufziiloonseo fica
nessaufnfae rmadzeilqolunaae nl oens sii aan cocroan trollal ata
veriatllà u mdee ll'ev-imdied nozmaa nddoi,c esveoq ,u esto
atteggisaimdaea nvtvole anr eog azdieolnpleea r endneiltflàia l o­
sofDiiac.lo ap erenenn iotnàl as toridceilftliàal ospoofiicah,é
quesltasa t,o riscpii ottàr,ei bnbtee nadnecrhieen s enessoc lusi­
vamendtiea lectotmiuecn os ,u cceddeisr issit uenmodi e,qi u ali
soppila'natleapt rreot ednivd ael earses olutcaomneqtnurote el li
chleo h annpor ecedmuetnot,ir net epnedproe reninclio tnàt i­
nuariepl,e rmandeicr eer vteer nietlàsl tao rpiunare, vl a ridaerle
4
moddoi p orirp er obldeempiiu ,n dtivi i setca»c• .Q uesvtias ione
delflial osèeo sfpioais nut nac ontriebluatbooi rnao tcoc asione
KAA.ri stoMtelet'.a1p hAyR seivciTsse,exw dti tlhn trodauncCdto imomne nbtyaW r,.·D .
RosIsO,,x fo1r9d6 p6.L, X X1\1 T:h eM etapahsyaw s hiocelsxe p rensosatde osg ma­
«
tiscy stbeutmth aed ventoufamr iensid ni tsse arfcothrru th».
'SV.A lR's0�\l1 EGdHmIu,Hn uds sele pare lr ednenfliiltlaào isnEo dfmiuaHn,ud s s1e8r5l9 -
195R9e.c cuoimlm émàol t'aoricfcd uac seinolned nelaa niarises adnupc hei loLsaHop ahyee,
195p9p,1. 8 5-118984-:1 89.
PREMESSA IX
decle ntednealrnliaaos cdiiEt dam unHdu ssIenre ls.sl oVa,a nni
Rovimgohsit croam le' inccoonnlt arfio l osdoifH iuas sleer l
abbcihai adraui ntpaoa rlt'ee ssednezlila'laiptfpàir loocscoifoi co
(elp'o cdhe'a)l,l 'laapl otsrsai dbiii nltietràp lrafe itlaornseeo of­ia
scolacsotmiuecn aaa pertsuurlal 'sitnotdreeirplaae nsieei rn o
particsoullcalorane t emporLa'nienictoaànw.te rndnoue ea nni
doploal aur«eNae:l l'dee1sl9t 3aa2tn eda aF ir ibuirslge om:e stre
esteirvgaoi c ào minciiclah tmeoi i, m peddisì e guiislre em inario
diH eidegpgoetpree;ir a òs colltesa ulreee z iIonnuitd.ii lrceeh e
let roavfafais ciFnaatnintcoianp.i o caol eggeer riel egSgeeirne
unZedi (tn e1l9 3n2o nc 'eraanncoos rtaum doin,o grcahfiein ei ­
ziasaslse urpooe nsieea rsop)e ptatraeica cnhnpiir idmiap ub­
blicuanvr oel umseuHt etiod eg(gBerre sLcaSi cau,o1 l9a4,A5 ).
Fribusregnmoto ilipt aor ldaiHr ues seec rolm inaci inatie ressar­
mid eslu poe nsiLealr eot.t duerlLalo egi, sUcnhtee rsumchiu ngen
confenremlòpl ear suacshiieop nreo bldeemlsilc ao lansotni ca
eraanfofa tmtoorm tair inascseivpaau nrsoeo, td tiov efrosram a
ei na ltcroon tensetlsolt,ao dreilafl ial osCoefrlitoaso .t uddiio
Hussheaar lvu tuon iam portfaonnzdaa mepnetlraaf l oer mazio­
ned emli poe nsile'rchooo:n tinsueamtpeorn ee1 l9 3p9u bblicai
5
ivlo lusmuLe a f ilodsiEo dfmiuaHn uds s.e« rEln,»e clh iarimento
husserdlici iacònh ove o gdliirape e nscahrsiec rcirveed deit te
ritrodvuaeer lee mefnotnid amednetltalelaoi tr oimai sdteilclaa
conoscle'niznat:e nezl i'oansatlriuatnzàii voenres al[.i ].z .z atrice.
Suq uesptuon tHou ssmeiri ln seagl neòg gceornae l torcici h i
testtoim isetdai c ceir cnaorncv oim sefai c caidau scdiarsleo g­
getmtaop ,e rcehc éo mmea qiu esptroo blneomnda e bbeas ser
postCoo.m unqiurlei ,t rovadmiqe unetsdotu eed ottcrlianses i­
chnee lolpee drieH ussoea rllm,e lnapo e rsuadsiai voenrev ele
ritropvoaruttneòp , r icmoon trailbsluoatl ou zdieoplnr eo blema
chseo psrèiad etmteos storp aa renptoeisciihn,ég eniencr hòi
scrliapv eer suacshileoef n iel odsieo pfoicedh iev enrosnse o no
compartsitmaeg6n•En tc iio» ntipnrueac is«[a. n].id .plo r :o blema
èp ropqruieold livo e decroemm ea uin dao ttoru innn au cldeio
dottcroinntee innuu tnfaei lopsoosfdsiiaav enptoauirn eca a te­
gorcihaae ffi orpae renne(msepinuatr deeo ppoe ridoidd iim en-
'SV.A NNRI0 \1GCHuIr,r icpuellr'u Amc caddeLeiim nicpae .1i 1l,.
6 IDE.d,m uHnuds rlsp,e. 1 92.
X PREMESSA
ticaond zina e gazinoenlcelu)al tfuirlao sIonsf eiccoaln.ud oog o
vorarlemie mneot tiendr ueb b(icoo imneg iustliatf eicschiae t a)
unac onverigdeenaszliase p iesgohlcioo nu ni nflsutsosroi co,
comveo rarlemie mneot tienrd eu bbliato e cshide u ef ilosofie
elaboirnta etmedp iiv eeir nsa im biecnutlit duirvaelnrios npi o s­
sanaov enru lilnca o munveo;r rienis,o mamlam,e mneot tienr e
dubblitaoe sstio ricCiosmtuincqqauu.ea ,nu dnoso t oripcoinset a
idli lemoml aaf: i lodsiHo ufsisaèe r raln criidpae tdizimi ootniev i
'supeori salit gin'i dfici ecrasttueote e (se is empliaWo e:s ensschau
el 'intenzèit oontaalldmiietvnàent)ree s lsolc ao lamsetdiiceaev ale
nelflean omenhoulsosgeirapl oitaprneòan ,sc ahreeeg nloing iu­
stifcircihtii ciaplmr eenstuep sptoosrtiocd iesslut doii cloe mma,
man onp otarcòc usdaiir nlcoo erMeanq zuaa.nu dnon eoscola­
stincoonc repdoes siubniarl iep rdeits eass cio lasitnai lcthreo
conteesm tido o,m an-dcao mmei è a ccad-suetl oat eohruisa­
serldiealnWlaea s ens"sèpc rhoapuqr uieol slcao"l adsetlilc'aa stra­
zioinoem ,ic hiesdeco o sctrueisd uesl e riinqo u elolgag ettività
delvlear cihtepà r ofeaps asrao ploei,c sheée ,s iusntare e altà
oggetcthielv 'au opmuoò p,a rzialemi ennatdee guatea mente,
quinpdrio gressisvcaompercniotrnlee as uai ntelleidg enza,
espriimnpe rroep osuinziivoenris vaalml-eiandntece sh eeq ue­
stdee bbaensoss eermep prree cieas rartiec acphpiutpneet,ro c hé
esprimuonnaao p prossiemn aoznui noain net uiazdieognuea ta
delrleaa -lntoànd ovrebsbeemrbors atrreca onnev erigdeenaz­e
ldii f ilomsoolfdtiioev e7rVseen»t'daonpnloios critctoom me­
•
moratdiiHv uos sleaVr aln,Rn oiv irgihvii seri itfeorràm lual erà
sucao ncezdiefaolrn efe i locshoifeidae sneed soislsiaft iel osofia,
sulslcao rdteald loam anadnaa lpoogsadt aaK anatp roposito
delmleat afniesPiir coal egeo,rm einsap,o ndau ennapd oos sibile
obiezdiieo cnlee tctoinscmlou,«d Ienrtàe:nd diercveho es ,c avan­
dou naf iloscoefricaad,nip d eon saorr liap enasf aornldaso i,
ritrovvearnmioet sàis nel ucdeaa ltfriel ossorifi iter,oc voann­o
vergetnazleio nraas peCtotmanete elv.li ait slae guliapr reo pria
straldepa r,o pcroinev inszeinopznraie ,o ccutpraorpdspicio i ò
chdei ragnlnaiol tèfr oir,is mleo dcoh cepi e rmedtitt reo vuanr e
accoprrdoof osnupd roo blveimtaian lcich oeun o miindie ologi-
7/ bpi.1, 9 3.