Standard Textbook for Medical Massage - AMIN

196 Pages·2009·0.91 MB·English

(Anma)
Standard Textbook for Medical Massaged
for Visual Impaired People in Asia

Compiled by the Asia Medical Massage Instructors
Network (AMIN)

Tsukuba University of Technology
Sponsored by the Nippon Foundation

On the occasion of publication
Working toward Passing on, Innovating, and Sharing
Anma)
Medical Massage ( Education with People with Visual
Impairment in Asia
In order to improve the outcomes of education for visually impaired people to promote
independence in society, it is necessary for people in education to have expertise in their
field. Nowadays, not only in Japan but also in other countries in the Asia Pacific region,
it is becoming difficult to transfer educational contents, methods, techniques, and
knowledgecreated throughthe experiences of our predecessors to future generations.
The passing onof expertise and educational methods that work closely with visually
impaired people is essential to continue promoting the independence of visually
impaired people in Asia.
With the advancements of science and technology and changes in society, there is also
greater demand for innovations aiming for creating new environments conducive to
education for visually impaired people such as by compensating for visual impairment
through proficient expertise, taking advantage of IT to secure the archiving of
information, and developing sophisticatedmethods of teaching and educational
materials. It is also very important for educational experts in the field of visual
impairment in Asia to understand the various political and cultural differences that
inform educational assets that have been passed on and developed in each country so
that we may sharethe assets appropriately.
I believe that this newly published textbook, which provides extensive descriptions of
techniques in acupressure that have been passed through generations in Japan, will play
an important role for Asian people wishing to acquire techniques in acupressure. I am
extremely pleased to see this textbook published, and I hope for the development of
solutions for issues faced in the independenceof visually impaired people in Asia and
for the success of AMIN activities.
July 2007
National University Corporation, Tsukuba University of Technology
President Naoki Onuma
i
Introduction
The 8th WBUAPMassage Seminar was held in Tsukuba in September2006 for the
purpose of collecting information regardingcurrent conditions of acupressure in Asia
and for academic exchange. The seminar focused on improving the quality of
massagers and their job opportunities in a timely fashion. The Massage Seminar has as
its fundamental idea the promotion of the independent living of visually impaired
people in the Asia Pacific region, and our activities havesteadily achieved positive
results.
In conjunction with the 8th Massage Seminar, the Asia Medical Massage Instructors
Network (AMIN) has been established with the support of the Nippon Foundation,
with an information desk located in the Tsukuba University of Technology. The
purpose of its establishment is to improve the conditions for visually impaired people
in the Asia region to gain employment in the area of medical massage in each country
and to create a network for instructors proactively supporting the activities of visually
impaired people. In the meeting, it became clear that a textbook regarding medical
massage that can be used to train instructors at seminars was necessary. This textbook
will provide source material for seminars held by AMIN and also plays a role as
educational material for self-education.This textbook was written by authorities in
each field and consists of five chapters. The textbook is easy to understand, with the
basics of medical acupressure, summaries of the structures and functions of the human
body, basics of oriental medicine, operative methods of acupressure for entire body,
and major symptoms and practices of acupressure explained in a very straightforward
manner. As one of the project planners, I hope this textbook will be widely used for the
Asian Medical Massage Instructors Network.
July 2007
National University Corporation, Tsukuba University of Technology
Faculty of Health Science, Department Director
AMIN Project Representative
Yoshitoshi Ichiman
ii
Anma)
Standard Textbook for Medical Massage (
for Visual Impaired People in Asia(cid:3)

Content
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On the occasion of publication------------------------------------------------------- (cid:1016)
Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------------------- (cid:1017)
Content ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (cid:1018)
List of Authors-------------------------------------------------------------------------- (cid:1021)
Chapter 1 Basics of medical massage
Section 1 Medical massage and ethics Shuichi Katai 1
1 Mental attitude of massage therapist 1
2 Hygiene control of hands 2
3 Structure, environment, and hygiene control of a treatment room 2
4 Privacy and draping (covering) of patients 3
5 Informed consent 3
6 Medical mistakes caused by procedures and safety managements 4
7 Evaluations and records of patients 5
8 Indications and limits of medical massage 5
Section 2(cid:3) Meanings of vital observations and surface anatomy
Ryosuke Fujii 6
1 Meanings of vital observations(cid:3) 6
2 Outlined anatomy of the body surface 6
3 Anatomical position and body posture 11
4 Anatomical terms 12
Chapter 2 Structureof the human body and outline of functions
Section 1 Organs and organ systems Tomomi Sakai 17
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1 What are organs and organ systems? 17
2 Organ system 17
Section 2 Structures and functions of muscular system and skeletal system
Eitaro Noguchi 18
1 What is bones and bone structures? 18
2 Joints (bony joints) 19
3 Muscle 21
4 Structure and function of upper extremities Tomomi Sakai 23
5 Structure and function of lower extremities 28
6 Structure and function of vertebral column and compages thoracis 44
Section 3 Structure and function of the circulatory system
Masahiko Takeuchi 44
1 Blood 44
2 Blood vessels 45
3 Heart 46
4 Circulation of blood(cid:3) 48
5 Lymphatic circulation 50
Section 4 Structure and function of the nervous system
Tsuyoshi Kitazima 52
1 Nerve 52
2 Brain and spinal cord 52
3 Structure and function of peripheral nervous system 55
4 Structure and function of automatic nervous system 59
Chapter 3: Fundamentals of Oriental Medicine
Section 1 The Concept of Oriental Medicine Saburo Sasada 61
(cid:15919) Physiological concepts of Oriental medicine 61
2 Pathological perspective of Oriental medicine 66
3 Diagnoses and therapeutic systems of Oriental medicine 67
Section 2 Concept of Meridian and Acupuncture points
Masahiro Minowa 67
1 Meridians and acupuncture points 67
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2 Fourteen meridians and their routes 69
3 Names and positions of major acupuncture points 72
Chapter 4 Systemic massage method
Section 1 Posture and equipment Miki Muto 78
1 Patient’s posture 78
2 Operator’s posturer 78
3 Equipment required for the massage 79
Section 2 Basic procedure of the massageAkihiro Ogata 79
1 Effleurage (massage) 79
2 Kneading method 79
3 Compression method 81
4 Tremor method 82
5 Tapotement method 83
6 Bent hand 84
7 Exercise technique 85
Section 3 Massage of the body parts—Katsumi Kurihara 85
1 Shoulders, back, and lumbar region 86
2 Superior limb 89
3 Upper limb 90
4 Cervical region 92
5 Cephalic region 94
6 Gluteal region (10 minutes up to the lower extremities) 95
7 Lower extremities 95
8 Finishing massage method (8 minutes) 99
9 Massage method for the abdomen 101
CHAPTER 5 Major symptoms and Anma therapySummary of their concept, clinical
condition, examination and therapies(including Selfcare)
1 Massage therapy for stiff shoulde Keishi Yoshikawa 104
2 Eyestrain(cid:2285)blurred vision (Asthenopia) Yoichi Nakamoto 110
3 Neck pain and pain/numbness of the arms 113
4 Back pain and pain/numbness of the legs 119
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5 Knee pain 125
6 Shoulder pain(socalled frozen shoulder) 128
7 Headache Nobuhiko Ogata 133
8 Toothaches 138
9 Constipation and diarrhea 140
10 Dysmenorrhea 144
11 Hot flushing and cold constitution 117
12 General fatigue and exhaustion 148
13 Tinnitus and deafness 151
Chapter 6 Access to Information for Persons Who are Visually Handicapped and
Learning Medical Massage(cid:831)Making Use of IT and Social Approaches(cid:831)
Eiji Nagaoka
1 Importance of Reading and Writing Skills 155
2 The current state of reading and writing by persons who are visually
handicapped 155
3 Social approaches for better accessibility to information for persons who are
visually handicapped 161
Glossary of Medical Massage Terms 164
Index 170
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List of Authors
Akihiro Ogata: Tsukuba University Special Support School for the Hearing and Visually
Impaired
Nobuhiko Ogata: Fukuoka High School for the Blind
Syuichi Katai: Tsukuba University of Technology
Tsuyoshi Kitajima: Nara School for the Blind
Katsumi Kurihara: Tokyo Metropolitan Bunkyo School for the Blind
Tomomi Sakai: Tsukuba University of Technology
Saburo Sasada: Former National Visual Impairment Center of Kobe
Masahiko Takeuchi: Okayama School for the Blind and Visually Impaired
Eiji Nagaoka: Tsukuba University of Technology
Yoichi Nakamoto: Okinawa Prefectural School for the Blind
Eitaro Noguchi: Tsukuba University of Technology
Ryosuke Fujii: Tsukuba University of Technology
Masahiro Minowa: Chiba School for the Blind
Miki Muto: Ibaraki Prefectural School for the Blind
Keishi Yoshikawa: Acupuncture and Physical Therapy Teacher Training School
(In alphabetical order without titles)
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Chapter 1 Basics of medical massage
Section1 Medical massage and ethics
1. Mental attitude of massage therapist
The title of this book is not “massage” but “medical massage.” Medical massage is a method for
relaxationand maintaining health as well ascuring diseases and returning the patient to good health.
Medical massage is performed by massage therapists who have gained the knowledge and
techniques of medical massage.
Massage therapists shall not only have a thorough knowledge of modern medicine but also
manifest interest in phenomena occurring in society today, i.e., social phenomena and natural
phenomena occurring in their areas, regions, nations, and on earth, obtain their information, and
have a mind of their own. Massage therapists shall have rich knowledge and scholarly acquisition
suitable for practical use in contemporary society and always keep their eyes wide open for
practices.
Additionally, medical massage therapists treat patients. Most patients not only report pains and
disorders but also mental issues. Patients visit us with systemic problems such as diseases of the
mind and body. It is important for the practitioner to recognize patients as such and have life
experiences, techniques, great breadth of mind, and a deep insight to receive such patients. For
that purpose, practitioners have to step up efforts every day.
Meanwhile, the objective of medical massage is to cure patients. Therefore, practitioners shall
bear firmly in mind that they do not perform massage for obtaining a lotof money and advance the
interests of their group. As a matter of course, it is important to make a living from practice.
However, practitioners shall not provide treatment in order to earn money.
Further, medical massage therapists shall pay particularly attention to their physical appearance
and clean clothing. Medical massage therapists shall maintain their hygiene and safety at the same
level as other medical personnel when medical massage therapists work with other medical staff.
Needless to say, high ethical standards and honor are required for medical massage therapists.
Pride and noble-mindedness as a practitioner are required. Ability to maintain their health is also
important.
2. Hygiene control of hands
Obviously, clean hands that come in contact with the skin of patients are required. That is the
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