Table Of ContentSouth Arabian
Long-Distance Trade
in Antiquity
South Arabian
Long-Distance Trade
in Antiquity
:
“Out of Arabia”
Edited by
George Hatke and Ronald Ruzicka
South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity: “Out of Arabia”
Edited by George Hatke and Ronald Ruzicka
This book first published 2021
Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Copyright © 2021 by George Hatke, Ronald Ruzicka and contributors
All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without
the prior permission of the copyright owner.
ISBN (10): 1-5275-6456-8
ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-6456-5
CONTENTS
Prologue ................................................................................................... viii
Introduction ................................................................................................ x
Chapter One ................................................................................................ 1
South Arabia, the Arabs, and the East Africa Trade in Pre-Islamic Times
George Hatke
Chapter Two ............................................................................................. 63
Kaleb (cid:958)lla A(cid:1800)(cid:69)(cid:1015)(cid:1738)a, the Holiness
Jean-François Faü
Chapter Three ........................................................................................... 66
The Role of Adummatu among the Early Arabian Trade Routes at the
Dawn of the Southern Arabian Cultures
Romolo Loreto
Chapter Four ........................................................................................... 111
What was the South Arabian Impact on the Development of Ethiopian
Margins in Antiquity? Evolution of Settlement Patterns in the Wakarida
Region from pre-Aksumite to Late Aksumite Periods
Anne Benoist, Iwona Gajda, Jérémie Schiettecatte, Ninon Blond
Chapter Five ........................................................................................... 154
Salt Routes in South Arabia and Around the Red Sea
Jean-Francois Breton
Chapter Six ............................................................................................. 174
Seal Impressions on South Arabian Jars from Sumhuram (Khor Rori)
Giulia Buono
Chapter Seven ......................................................................................... 185
The Contacts of Sumhuram with the Eastern Arabia and the Persian Gulf
Cleto Carbonara
vi Contents
Chapter Eight .......................................................................................... 211
The Orientations of Eduard Glaser. Hypothesis on Positions, Motivations
and Movements of a European Scholar in the MENA Region (1880-1888)
Enrico Floriddia
Chapter Nine ........................................................................................... 221
Hayim Habshush - The Unknown Guide of European Researchers
in Yemen
Elisabeth Monamy
Chapter Ten ............................................................................................ 228
Notes on the South Arabian Occupation of Inqitat
Silvia Lischi
Chapter Eleven ....................................................................................... 245
Abraha’s Cathedral: Change and Continuity of a Sacred Place
Werner Daum
Chapter Twelve ...................................................................................... 260
The Quantity of the Vowel <i> in the Sabaic Word for God (cid:11)(cid:1204)(cid:79)(cid:12)(cid:29)
Evidence from Arabic and Greek Sources
Imar Y. Koutchoukali
Chapter Thirteen ..................................................................................... 267
News about Names – On the Use of Abbreviations in Ancient South
Arabian Filiation
Anne Multhoff
Chapter Fourteen .................................................................................... 310
The South Arabian (cid:61)(cid:68)(cid:69)(cid:460)(cid:85) Inscriptions from Maqwala, near (cid:1799)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:1205)(cid:407)(cid:1204)(cid:15)
Yemen
Peter Stein, Sarah Rijziger
Chapter Fifteen ....................................................................................... 352
A New Form of Cardinal Numerals Attested in Hadramitic
Serge Frantsouzoff
Chapter Sixteen ...................................................................................... 359
Trade Connections in 1st Millennium CE - South Arabia and Ethiopia
as indicated by Material Culture
Sarah Japp
South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity: “Out of Arabia” vii
Chapter Seventeen .................................................................................. 392
Pre-Aksumite Pottery in the Northern Horn of Africa and its Indication
of interregional Contacts
Marlene Köster
Chapter Eighteen .................................................................................... 413
Les voyages de la reine Saba dans la tradition architecturale médiévale
de l’occident chrétien
Christian Darles
Chapter Nineteen .................................................................................... 430
The Pilgrimage to the (cid:36)(cid:90)(cid:407)(cid:80)-Temple/Ma(cid:1738)ram (cid:37)(cid:76)(cid:79)(cid:84)(cid:431)(cid:86)(cid:15) Ma’rib, Yemen
Mohammed Maraqten
Chapter Twenty ...................................................................................... 463
Gold from Arabia for the Gods and Monarchs of Assyria
Diana Pickworth
PROLOGUE
It is a great pleasure and honor for me to introduce you to this new collected
volume on South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity. Austria, and
especially Vienna, has been a fruitful environment for Ancient South
Arabian studies, and this is strongly connected with the person and work of
Eduard Glaser. The Austrian Academy of Sciences hosts in its archive a
large collection of squeezes, photographs, and diaries by Glaser, which
served in the last decades as a source for eminent scholars such as Maria
Höfner and Walter Dostal. In the Library, Archive and Collections at the
AAS, the team around Petra Aigner achieved in two digitization projects the
presentation of astonishing source material in the AAS, now accessible via
http://glaser.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/.
Due to the manifold activities of Petra Aigner and her team, Ronald
Ruzicka and George Hatke were able to organize the 23 Rencontres
Sabéennes in Vienna, which took place from 13–15 June 2019. The title Out
of Arabia: South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity shows how the
conference aimed to incorporate the Arabian Peninsula in the wider
historical picture of political and economic relations in Antiquity. It was the
first time that the Rencontres Sabéennes had convened in Vienna, paying
tribute to the lively research on South Arabian Studies in the past and the
present. The conference was organized by George Hatke and Ronald
Ruzicka, who are also the editors of the present volume. The conference
profited from the cooperation of the University of Vienna and the Institute
of Oriental Studies, the Institute of Social Anthropology of the Austrian
Academy of Sciences, the ACDH of the Austrian Academy of Sciences,
Digital Humanities Austria, and the Project ArcheoMuse. The conference
enjoyed the attendance of participants from Austria, Germany, France, Italy,
Russia, the USA, Jordan, and last but not least, Yemen. Organizing the
travel to Austria for our guests from Yemen was made possible due to the
indefatigable efforts of the organizing committee.
The keynote speech to the conference by Mohammed Maraqten opened
the field with a talk about (cid:55)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:51)(cid:76)(cid:79)(cid:74)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:80)(cid:68)(cid:74)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:90)(cid:407)(cid:80)(cid:3)(cid:55)(cid:72)(cid:80)(cid:83)(cid:79)(cid:72)(cid:18)(cid:48)(cid:68)(cid:1738)ram
(cid:37)(cid:76)(cid:79)(cid:84)(cid:431)(cid:86)(cid:15)(cid:3)(cid:48)(cid:68)(cid:182)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:69)(cid:15)(cid:3)Yemen. The conference consisted of 32 lectures on various
fields like archaeology, architecture, philology, epigraphy, ancient South
Arabian history, and the history of scholarship. Twenty of the lectures are
now collected in this volume, giving fresh insight to a field marginalized for
South Arabian Long-Distance Trade in Antiquity: “Out of Arabia” ix
a long period of time. The volume will help to shed light on a fascinating
region.
As members of the Library, Archive and Collections at the Austrian
Academy of Sciences, we are deeply satisfied that the holdings of our
institution have triggered projects and scholarship on Ancient South Arabia
in the past; our hope is that the present volume will kindle more to come.
Sibylle Wentker,
Head of Library, Archive and Collections at the
Austrian Academy of Sciences
July 2020
