Regulation of Male Fertility

228 Pages·1980·10.81 MB·English

by  P. Franchimont (auth.)

REGULATION OF MALE FERTILITY
CLINICS IN ANDROLOGY
E.S.E. HAFEZ. series editor
VOLUME 5
Other volumes ill this series:
I. J.e. Emperaire. A. Audebert. E.S.E. Hafez. eds .. Homologous artificial insemination, 1980. ISBN 90-247'2269-1.
2. L.l. Lipshultz, J.N. Corriere Jr., E.S.E. Hafez, eds .. Surgery of the male reproductive tract, 1980. ISBN 90-247-2315-9.
3. E.S.E. Hafez, ed .. Descended and cryptorchid testis, 1980. ISBN 90-247-2299-3.
4. J. Bain, E.S.E. Hafez, eds., Diagnosis in andrology. 1980. ISBN 90-247-2365-5.
6. E.S.E. Hafez, E. Spring-Mills, eds., Prostatic carcinoma: biology and diagnosis. 1980. ISBN 90-247-2379-5.
7. S.J. Kogan, E.S.E. Hafez, eds., Pediatric andrology, 1981. ISBN 90-247-2407-7.
REGULATION
OF MALE FERTILITY
edited by
G.R. CUNNINGHAM
Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
W.-B. SCHILL
Munich, West Germany
and
E.S.E. HAFEZ
Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A .
•
1980
MARTINUS NIJHOFF PUBLISHERS / THE HAGUE / BOSTON / LONDON
Distributors:
for the United States and Canada
Kluwer Boston. Inc.
190 Old Derby Street
Hingham. MA 02043
USA
for all other countries
Kluwer Academic Publishers Group
Distribution Center
P.O. Box 322
3300 AH Dordrecht
The Netherlands
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Regulation of male fertility.
(Clinics in andrology: v. 5)
'Many of the studies discussed in this book were presented at the First Pan American Congress of Andrology. which was held in
Caracas. Venezuela. in March 1979.'
I. Sterility. Male - Congresses. 2. Oral contraceptives. Male - Congresses. 3. Generative organs. Male - Drug effects -
Congresses. 4. Fertility. Effect of drugs on - Congresses. I. Cunningham. Glenn Ross. 1940- II. Schill. Wolf-Berhard.
1939- III. Hafez. E.S.E .. 1922- IV. Pan American Congress of Andrology. 1st. Caracas. 1979. V. Series.
RC889.R34 613.9'4 80-17420
ISBN-13: 978-94-009-8877-4 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-8875-0
DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-8875-0
Copyright © 1980 by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers b,'. The Hague.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1980
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced. stored ill a retriel'al system. or trallsmitted in any form
or by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording. or otherwise. without the prior lI'ritten permission of the publisher.
Martinus Nijho[( Publishers bv. P.O. Box 566. 1501 CN The Hague. The Netherlallds.
PREFACE
Many of the studies discussed in this book were addition to discussions of a variety of hormonal,
presented at the First Pan American Congress of biochemical, immunological, physical, and me
Andrology, which was held in Caracas, Venezuela, chanical approaches. It is our hope that the efforts
in March 1979. An international group of in of the contributors will help to intensify research
vestigators have contributed reviews designed to and development of improved methods for safely
be informative to medical, graduate, and post regulating male fertility.
graduate students, as well as clinicians and in
vestigators working in the area of male reproduc G.R. CUNNINGHAM
tion. Current physiological concepts that may W.B. SCHILL
provide insight for new initiatives are examined in E.S.E. HAFEZ
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface v
Contributors IX
Foreword by C. SCHIRREN XI
1. PHYSIOLOGY OF MALE REPRODUCTION
1. Hormonal regulation of testicular function 5
P. FRANCHIMONT
2. Inhibin: new gonadal hormone 15
P. FRANCHIMONT, A. DEMOULIN, J. VERSTRAELEN-PROYARD, M.T. HAZEE-HAGELSTEIN, and
J.P. BOURGUIGNON
3. Morphological features of the epididymis: possible significance in male contraception 25
T.D. GLOVER
4. Regulatory physiology of male accessory organs 35
E.S.E. HAFEZ and G.R. CUNNINGHAM
5. Methods for evaluating contraceptive techniques 41
T.Z. HOMONNAI and F.G. PAZ
II. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION
6. Inhibition of male reproductive processes with an LH-RH agonist 55
A. CORBIN and F.J. BEX
7. LH-RH agonists: inhibition of testicular functions and possible clinical applications 65
F. LABRIE, A. BELANGER, G. PELLETIER, C. SEGUIN, L. CUSANo P.A. KELLY, A. LEMAY,
C. AUCLAIR, and J.P. RAYNAUD
8. Exogenous androgens: their potential for reversible contraception 77
G.R. CUNNINGHAM and C. HUCKINS
VIII
9. Androgen-progestin combinations: clinical trials 85
1. BAIN
10. Antiandrogens: basic concepts and clinical trials 93
F. NEUMANN and B. SCHENCK
III. BIOCHEMICAL CONTRACEPTION
II. iX-Chlorohydrin: review of a model posttesticular antifertility agent 109
TJ. LOBL
12. The contraceptive effect of 6-chloro-6-deoxysugars in the male 123
W.c.L. FORD
13. Interference with spermatozoal motility 127
N. HOFMANN and R. STEINER
14. Interference with spermatozoa capacitation 135
A. REYES, M.E. CHAVARRIA, and A. ROSADO
15. Contraception by acrosomal proteinase inhibitors 151
W.-B. SCHILL
IV. SURGICAL CONTRACEPTION
16. Vasectomy: an anatomic, physiologic, and surgical review 169
L.l. LIpSHULTZ and G.S. BENSON
17. Evaluation of male sterilization 187
H.Y. LEE
18. Immunological consequences of vasectomy 197
N.R. ROSE, P.L. LUCAS, M. DILLEY, and A.H. REED
V. IMMUNE AND PHYSICAL METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION
19. Immunologic approach to regulation of fertility in the male 209
H.G. MADHWA RAJ, M.R. SAIRAM, and E. NIESCHLAG
20. Male fertility regulation by means of ultrasound 219
M.S. FAHIM
Index 231
CONTRIBUTORS
Auclair, c.: Ayerst Research Laboratories, 1025 Blvd, Lauren Franchimont, P.: Radioimmunoassay Laboratory, Institute of
tien, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
Bain, J.: Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 Glover, T.D.: Reproductive Biology Group, Department of
University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5GIX5, Canada Veterinary Anatomy, University of Queensland, St. Lucia,
Queensland, Australia
Belanger, A.: Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Le
Centre flospitalier de I'Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec Hafez, E.S.E.: Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, Wayne
GIV 4G2, Canada State University School of Medicine, Medical Research Buil
ding, 550 E. Canfield Ave., Detroit, MI 48201, USA
Benson, G.S.: Room 6292, 6431 Fannin, University of Texas
Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA Hazee-Hagelstein, M.T.: Radioimmunology Laboratory, Uni
versity of Liege, Liege, Belgium
Bex, F.J.: Endocrinology Section, Wyeth Laboratories, Inc., Box
8299, Philadelphia, PA 19101, USA Hofmann, N.: Andrology Unit of the Department of Derma
tology, University of Duesseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, D-40oo
Bourguignon, J.P.: Paediatric Service, University of Liege, Duesseldorf I, West Germany
Liege, Belgium
Homonnal, T.Z.: Soferman Institute for the Study of Fertility,
Chavarria, M.E.: Departamento de Investigacion Biomedica, Hakirya, Maternity Hospital and Sakler Medical School, P.O.
Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Apartado Postal 12- Box 7079, Tel-Aviv, Israel
676, Mexico 12, DF
Huckins, c.: Cell Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston,
Corbin, A.: Endocrinology Section, Wyeth Laboratories, Inc., TX 77030, USA
Box 8299, Philadelphia, PA 19101, USA
Kelly, P.A.: MRC Group in Molecular Endocrinology, Le
Cunningham, G.R.: Baylor College of Medicine, Veterans Ad Centre Hospitalier de I'Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec
ministration Medical Center, 2002 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, GIV 4G2, Canada
TX 77211, USA
Labrie, F.: MR Group in Molecular Endocrinology, Le Centre
Cusan, L.: Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Le Centre Hospitalier de I'Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec GIV 4G2,
Hospitalier de I'Universite Laval, Quebec, Quebec GIV 4G2, Canada
Canada
Lee, H.Y.: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Seoul
Demoulin, A.: Gynaecological and Obstetrical Service, Univer National University Hospital, 28, Yeongundong, Chonroku,
sity of Liege, Liege, Belgium Seoul 110, Korea
Dilley, M.: Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Lemay, A.: Hopital St.-Fran~ois d'Assise, Rue de I'Espinay,
Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield Quebec, Quebec, Canada
Ave., Detroit, MI 48201, USA
Lipshultz, L.I.: Room 6292, 6431 Fannin, University of Texas
Fahim, M.S.: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uni Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
versity of Missouri Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65212,
USA Lobi, T.: Fertility Research, The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo,
MI 49001, USA
Ford, W.c.L.: Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, The
University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 2AJ, Lucas, P.L.: Department of Immunology and Microbiology,
England Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield
Ave., Detroit. MI 48201, USA
x
Madhwa Raj. H.G.: Department of OB-Gyn and Pharma Rose. N.R.: Department of Immunology and Microbiology,
cology. University of North Carolina School of Medicine. Wayne State University School of Medicine. 540 E. Canfield
Chapel Hill. NC 27514. USA Ave .. Detroit. MI 48201. USA
Neumann. F.: Department of Endocrine Pharmacology. Sairam. M.R.: Reproduction Research Laboratory, Clinical
Research Laboratories of Schering AG. BerlinJBergkamen. Research Institute of Montreal. Montreal, Quebec. Canada
MUllerstr. 170-178. D-IOOO Berlin 65
Schenck. B.: Department of Endocrine Pharmacology. Research
Nieschlag, E.: Abteilung Experimentelle Endokrinologie. Uni Laboratories of Schering AG. BerlinJBergkamen. MUllerstr.
versitiits-Frauenklinik. Westring II. D-4400 MUnster. West 170-178. D-IOOO Berlin 65
Germany
Schill. W.-B.: Andrology Unit of the Department of Dermatol
Paz, F.G.: Soferman Institute for the Study of Fertility. Hakirya. ogy. University of Munich. D-8000 Munich 2, Frauenlobstr.
Maternity Hospital and Sakler Medical School. P.O. Box 9-11. West Germany
7079, Tel-Aviv, Israel
Schirren. c.: Universitat Hamburg. Department for Andrology,
Peletier, G.: MRC Group in Molecular Endocrinology. Le Universitats-Krankenhaus Eppendorf. Martinistr. 52, D-2000
Centre Hospitalier de rUniversite Laval. Quebec. Quebec Hamburg 20. West Germany
GIY 4G2, Canada
Seguin. c.: Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology. Le Centre
Raynaud. J.P.: Centre de Recherches Rousse -UCLAF. F-93230 Hospitalier de I'Universite Laval. Quebec. Quebec GIY 4G2,
Romainville. France Canada
Reed. A.H.: Department of Community Medicine. Wayne State Steiner. R.: Institute of Clinical Physiology. University of
University School of Medicine. 129 Health Sciences Building. Duesseldorf. Universitaetsstr. I, D-4000 Duesseldorf 1, West
Detroit, MI 48201. USA Germany
Reyes, A.: Departamento de Investigacion Biomedica. Instituto Verstraelen-Proyard. J.: Radioimmunology Laboratory, Uni
Mexicano del Seguro Social. Apartado Postal 12-676. Mexico versity of Liege. Liege. Belgium
12, DF
Rosado. A.: Departamento de Biologica de la Reproduccion.
Universidad Autnoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa. Apartado
Postal 55-535. Mexico 13. DF
FOREWORD
Family planning is an issue that concerns both men importance in the development of a product to be
and women. Since the traditional sociopolitical used by the male is the question of whether ad
viewpoint held that contraception is mainly an ministration of such pills could lead to permanent
affair of women, research in the field usually was damage of the germ cells. The responsible physician
restricted to gynecologists and endocrinologists. must be aware that contraception on the part of the
Recently, however, the public has become con male involves handling a psychological problem:
vinced that the male also has his part to contribute. Could one become impotent as a result? My own
Until recently, family planning meant vasectomy experience has continually demonstrated to me that
where the man was concerned. The question re this point cannot be stressed enough.
mains open as to whether better operative tech There are, therefore, many points to consider
niques in the future will lead to reversibility of the before employing medical regulation of fertility in
procedure. Modern research throughout the world the male as an 'external' procedure. The following
is attempting to develop methods that will reliably book, written by many prominent researchers in
render spermatozoa infertile for a given period of the field, gives an account of current scientific
time through the administration of a drug. The parameters on the matter and supplies the interested
male himself would control the process in the sense reader with comprehensive information. All regu
that he would decide when he wished to reproduce. lation of fertility in the male involves responsibility
Three factors are essential for meaningful family for the individual as well as the population.
planning: safety, reliability, and harmlessness.
These have a much greater meaning with respect to CARL SCHlRREN
fertility regulation in the male than was the case in February, 1980 Hamburg, West Germany
the development of ovulation inhibitors. Of decided