Privacy, property and personality: civil law perspectives on commercial appropriation

286 Pages·2005·2.82 MB·English

by  Huw Beverley-Smith

This page intentionally left blank
vi
Privacy, Property and Personality
Theprotectionofprivacyandpersonalityisoneofthemostfascinating
issues confronting any legal system. This book provides a detailed
comparativeanalysisofthelawsrelatingtocommercialexploitationof
personalityinFrance,Germany,theUnitedKingdomandtheUnited
States.Itexaminesthedifficultiesinreconcilingprivacyandpersonality
withintellectualpropertyrightsinanindividual’sidentityandinbalan-
cingsuchrightswiththecompetinginterestsoffreedomofexpression
and freedom of competition. The discrete patterns of development in
themajorcommonlawandcivillawjurisdictionsareoutlined,together
withananalysisofthebasicmodelsofprotection.
Theanalysiswillbeusefulforlawyersinlegalsystemswhichhaveyet
todevelopasophisticatedlevelofprotectionforinterestsinpersonality.
Equally,lawyersinsystemsthatprovideahigherlevelofprotectionwill
benefitfromthecomparativeinsightsintodeterminingthenatureand
scopeofintellectualpropertyrightsinpersonality,particularlyquestions
relatingtoassignment,licensing,andpost-mortemprotection.
HUW BEVERLEY-SMITH is a Solicitor in the Brands, Technology,
MediaandTelecommunicationsDepartmentatFieldFisherWaterhouse
in London. He is also the author of The Commercial Appropriation of
Personality(Cambridge2002).
ANSGAROHLYisProfessorofCivilLawandIntellectualPropertyLaw
in the Faculty of Law and Economics at the University of Bayreuth,
Germany. Until 2002 he was the head of the Commonwealth
Department of the Max-Planck Institute for Intellectual Property,
CompetitionandTaxLaw,Munich.
AGNE`S LUCAS-SCHLOETTER is Lecturer in French law at the
Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Germany. Until 2003 she
wasaresearcherattheMax-PlanckInstituteforIntellectualProperty,
CompetitionandTaxLaw,Munich.

CambridgeStudiesinIntellectualPropertyRights
Asitseconomicpotentialhasrapidlyexpanded,intellectualpropertyhas
become a subject of front-rank legal importance. Cambridge Studies in
Intellectual Property Rights is a series of monograph studies of major
current issues in intellectual property. Each volume contains a mix of
international, European, comparative and national law, making this a
highlysignificantseriesforpractitioners,judgesandacademicresearch-
ersinmanycountries.
Serieseditor
William R. Cornish, Herchel Smith Professor of Intellectual Property
Law,UniversityofCambridge
Advisoryeditors
Franc¸oisDessemontet,ProfessorofLaw,UniversityofLausanne
PaulGoldstein,ProfessorofLaw,StanfordUniversity
TheRtHon.SirRobinJacob,CourtofAppeal,England
Alistofbooksintheseriescanbefoundattheendofthisvolume.

Privacy, Property
and Personality
Civil Law Perspectives on Commercial
Appropriation
Huw Beverley-Smith
Ansgar Ohly
Agne`s Lucas-Schloetter
camʙʀɪdɢe uɴɪveʀsɪtʏ pʀess
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo
Cambridge University Press
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cʙ2 2ʀu, UK
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521820806
© Huw Beverley-Smith, Ansgar Ohly and Agne`s Lucas-Schloetter 2005
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of
relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place
without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published in print format 2005
ɪsʙɴ-13 978-0-511-13477-7 eBook (EBL)
ɪsʙɴ-10 0-511-13477-0 eBook (EBL)
ɪsʙɴ-13 978-0-521-82080-6 hardback
ɪsʙɴ-10 0-521-82080-4 hardback
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of uʀʟs
for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not
guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
Contents
Preface pageix
Tableofcases xi
Tableofstatutes xxv
Listofabbreviations xxx
1 Introduction 1
Thecommercialvalueofaspectsofpersonality 1
Commercialandnon-commercialinterests 2
Personality,privacyandintellectualproperty 3
Competingdoctrinalbasesofprotection 4
Synopsis 11
2 Property,personalityandunfaircompetitioninEngland
andWales,AustraliaandCanada 13
Introduction 13
Liabilitybasedonmisrepresentation:thetortofpassingoffinEnglish
andAustralianlaw 15
Liabilitybasedonmisappropriation:theCanadiantortofappropriation
ofpersonality 35
Conclusions 46
3 Privacyandpersonalityinthecommonlawsystems 47
Introduction 47
Frompropertytoinviolatepersonality 48
Inviolatepersonalityandtheaccretionofproprietaryattributes 52
Conceptionsofprivacy 53
Reconcilingprivacyandcommercialexploitation 64
Thescopeandlimitsoftherightofpublicity 68
PrivacyinEnglishlaw 75
Conclusion 93
4 Germanlaw 94
Introduction 94
History 96
Substantivelegalprotection 105
Post-mortemprotection 124
Assignmentandlicensing 129
Remedies 138
vii
viii Contents
5 Frenchlaw 147
Frameworkandhistory 147
Protectionofeconomicinterests 156
Protectionofnon-economicinterests 167
Remediesprovidingforpreventionorcessationof
theinfringement:injunctions 181
Remediesprovidingforlegalredress 185
Transfer 191
6 Conclusions 206
Introduction 206
Commonfeaturesandcontrasts 207
Thethreebasicmodelsofprotection 212
Property,intellectualpropertyandpersonality 214
Privacy,freedomofexpressionandcommercialappropriation
undertheEuropeanConventiononHumanRights 217
Conclusions:Agradualconvergence? 224
Bibliography 227
Index 239