Poe abroad : influence, reputatio, affinities

284 Pages·1999·0.96 MB·English

by  Poe

Poe Abroad

Poe
Abroad
influence, reputation, affinities
lois davis vines
Edited by
Universityof Iowa Press,Iowa City
UniversityofIowaPress,IowaCity52242
Copyright(cid:1)1999bytheUniversityofIowaPress
Allrightsreserved
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
http://www.uiowa.edu/(cid:1)uipress
Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedorusedinanyformorby
anymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopyingand
recording,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.All
reasonablestepshavebeentakentocontactcopyrightholdersof
materialusedinthisbook.Thepublisherwouldbepleasedtomake
suitablearrangementswithanywhomithasnotbeenpossible
toreach.
Thepublicationofthisbookwasgenerouslysupportedbythe
UniversityofIowaFoundation.
Printedonacid-freepaper
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Poeabroad:influence,reputation,affinities/editedbyLoisDavis
Vines.
p. cm.
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
isbn0-87745-697-6
1.Poe,EdgarAllan,1809–1849—Appreciation—Foreign
countries. 2.Poe,EdgarAllan,1809–1849—Translations—
Historyandcriticism. 3.Fantasyliterature,American—
Translations—Historyandcriticism. 4.Fantasyliterature,
American—Appreciation—Foreigncountries. 5.Literature,
Modern—Americaninfluences. 6.Poe,EdgarAllan,1809–
1849—Influence. I.Vines,Lois.
ps2638.p62 1999
818(cid:2).309—dc21 99-36989
99 00 01 02 03 c 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
PrefaceandAcknowledgments, vii
Introduction, 1
part i:
Poe’sInfluenceinCountriesandRegionsAroundtheWorld
PoeinFrance,LoisDavisVines, 9
PoeinRussia,EloiseM.Boyle, 19
PoeinEstonia,TiinaAunin, 26
PoeinScandinavia,JanNordbyGretlund,ElisabethHerion-Sarafidis,
andHansH.Skei, 31
PoeinGermanyandAustria,RogerForclaz, 38
PoeinBelgium,J.P.VanderMotten, 45
PoeinGreatBritain,BenjaminF.Fisher, 52
PoeinItaly,MassimoBacigalupo, 62
PoeinRomania,ThomasC.Carlson, 75
PoeinHungary,Gyo˝zo˝Ferencz, 82
PoeinCroatia,SonjaBaˇsi´c, 89
PoeintheCzechRepublic,MarcelArbeit, 94
PoeinPoland,F.Lyra, 101
PoeinSpain,Jos´eAntonioGurpegui, 108
PoeinPortugal,MariaLeonorMachadodeSousa, 115
PoeinSpanishAmerica,SusanF.LevineandStuartLevine, 121
PoeinBrazil,CarlosDaghlian, 130
PoeinJapan,NorikoMizutaLippit, 135
PoeinChina,ShengNingandDonaldBarlowStauffer, 149
PoeinIndia,D.Ramakrishna, 160
vi : Contents
part ii:
Poe’sInfluenceonMajorWorldWriters
CharlesBaudelaire,LoisDavisVines, 165
Ste´phaneMallarme´ andPaulVale´ry,LoisDavisVines, 171
ValeryBrjusovandKonstantinBal’mont,EloiseM.Boyle, 177
OlaHanssonandAugustStrindberg,Bjo¨rnMeidal, 183
ArnoSchmidt,ThomasS.Hansen, 189
BolesławLes´mian,FrankKujawinski, 195
AntunGustavMatosˇ,SonjaBaˇsi´c, 200
FranzKafka,GerhardHoffmann, 204
FernandoPessoa,GeorgeMonteiro, 210
Rube´nDar´ıo,SusanF.LevineandStuartLevine, 215
JorgeLuisBorges,GracielaE.Tissera, 221
JulioCorta´zar,MaryG.Berg, 227
CarlosFuentes,SusanF.LevineandStuartLevine, 233
HoracioQuiroga,MaryG.Berg, 239
TanizakiJunichiro,NorikoMizutaLippit, 244
SelectedBibliography, 251
Contributors, 259
Index, 263
Preface&Acknowledgments
Throughoutthisvolumetitlesaregivenintheoriginallanguagefirst.
IncaseswherethereisaknowntranslationinEnglish,theEnglishtitleisgiven
initalicsforbooksandbetweenquotationmarksforpoems,shortstories,and
essays.IfthereisnoknownEnglishversionofthework,thetitleistranslated
literallywithoutitalicsorquotationmarks.TitlesinLatinarenottranslated.
Theterm‘‘SpanishAmerica’’isusedinsteadof‘‘LatinAmerica’’toreferto
countries inCentralandSouthAmericawhereSpanishisthedominantlan-
guage.Portugese-speakingBrazilistreatedinaseparatechapter.
The preparation of this volume has involved the collaboration of many
scholars from around the world. In addition to those who contributed
chapters, I would also like to thank others for their help and suggestions:
Eric W. Carlson, Kent Ljungquist, Robert Burchfield, Dean McWilliams,
JamesThompson,JaniceThompson,WalterGru¨nzweig,ElviraOsipova,and
Reet Sool. For permission to use altered or updated versions of articles ap-
pearingearlier,IamgratefultoComparativeLiterature,ReviewofContempo-
raryFiction,PolishReview,andUniversityofMississippiStudiesinEnglish.

Introduction
The French poet and essayist Paul Vale´ry remarked in 1924 thatPoe
‘‘wouldtodaybecompletelyforgottenifBaudelairehadnottakenupthetask
ofintroducinghimintoEuropeanliterature.’’1Vale´ry’sobservationisbothan
exaggerationandanunderstatement.Poecertainlywouldnothavebeencom-
pletelyforgotten.AlthoughtheFrenchareloathtoadmitit,hewasreadand
admiredbyAmericansduringhislifetimeandafterward.Buttheimportance
ofBaudelaire’scontributiontoPoe’srenowngoesfarbeyondVale´ry’sestima-
tion. Not only did Baudelaire’s translations and essays introduce Poe into
European literature, they also played a major role in his becoming known
throughouttheworld,especiallyinAsiaandLatinAmerica.
Nineteen ninety-eight marked the 150th anniversary of the publicationof
Baudelaire’s first Poe translation, an event that inspired him to produce five
volumesofPoeinFrench.ThenamesBaudelaireandPoearelinkedinliterary
circlesworldwide.BeforePoediedin1849,helearnedthathistaleswerebeing
translatedinFrancebutwasunawarethathisworkhadthegoodfortuneoffall-
ingintothehandsofawriterwhowouldbecomeoneofFrance’sgreatestpoets.
To commemorate the 150th anniversary of Poe’s death in 1999, Poe Abroad
offersatributetohisextraordinaryinternationalinfluenceandreputation.
PoeAbroad isthefirstattempttobringtogetherinonevolumeanaccount
of Poe’s effect on literatures around the world and to present analyses ofhis
influenceonmajorforeignwriters.SeveralyearsagoEricW.Carlsoninvited
metocontributeachapteronPoe’sinfluenceabroadtohisbookACompan-
iontoPoeStudies(1997).SincemyworkonPoeinFrancegavemeaheadstart,
Isetouttodotheresearchwithanenthusiasmthatsoonturnedintoamaze-
mentatthecomplexityofthesubjectandthenintodespair.Howwoulditbe
possibletopresentastudyofPoe’sworldwideinfluencewithinthestrictlimits
of a forty-page manuscript? After coming to grips with the fact that I could
presentonlythetipoftheiceberg,Icompletedthechapter,‘‘EdgarAllanPoe:
A Writer for the World,’’ with the promise to myself to publish a more