Physical Biology: From Atoms to Medicine

582 Pages·2008·107.31 MB·English

by  Ahmed Zewail

PHYSICAL BIOLOGY
From Atoms to Medicine
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PHYUSICAL BIOLOGY
From Atoms to Medicine
BALTIMORE . BUSTAMANTE . DOBSON . HOOD . HUSH
KOCH . KORNBERG . MACKINNON . MCCAMMON
MILLER . PARRINELLO . PHILLIPS . QUAKE . REES . THOMAS
TIRRELL . VARSHAVSKY . WHITESIDES . WOLYNES
Ahmed H. Zewail
California Institute of Technology, USA
Imperial College Press
ICP
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Published by
Imperial College Press
57 Shelton Street
Covent Garden
London WC2H 9HE
Distributed by
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224
USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601
UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Physical biology : from atoms to medicine / editor, Ahmed H. Zewail.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN-13: 978-1-84816-199-3 (hardcover : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 1-84816-199-9 (hardcover : alk. paper)
ISBN-13: 978-1-84816-200-6 (pbk. : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 1-84816-200-6 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Biophysics. 2. Biochemistry. 3. Molecular biology. I. Zewail, Ahmed H.
QH505.P457 2008
570--dc22
2008009371
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Copyright © 2008 by Imperial College Press
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval
system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher.
For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright
Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to
photocopy is not required from the publisher.
Printed in Singapore.
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Front row (left to right): Peter J. Wolynes, J. Andrew McCammon, John Meurig Thomas, David Baltimore, Ahmed H. Zewail, Leroy
4/7/2 v Hood, Roderick MacKinnon, Carlos J. Bustamante. Back row (left to right): Christof Koch, Douglas C. Rees, Michele Parrinello,
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08 David A. Tirrell, Christopher M. Dobson, George M. Whitesides, Stephen R. Quake, Rob Phillips, Roger D. Kornberg.
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C o n t e n t s
Prologue by Ahmed H. Zewail xi
Chapter 1 The Preoccupations of Twenty-First-Century Biology 1
David Baltimore
Chapter 2 The World as Physics, Mathematics and Nothing Else 7
Alexander Varshavsky
Chapter 3 Physical Biology: 4D Visualization of Complexity 23
Ahmed H. Zewail
Chapter 4 Revolutionary Developments from Atomic to
Extended Structural Imaging 51
John Meurig Thomas
Chapter 5 Physical Biology at the Crossroads 115
Carlos J. Bustamante
Chapter 6 The Challenge of Quasi-Regular Structures in Biology 137
Roger D. Kornberg
Chapter 7 The Future of Biological X-Ray Analysis 145
Douglas C. Rees
Chapter 8 Reinterpreting the Genetic Code: Implications for
Macromolecular Design, Evolution and Analysis 165
David A. Tirrell
vii
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Contents
Chapter 9 Designing Ligands to Bind Tightly to Proteins 189
George M. Whitesides, Phillip W. Snyder,
Demetri T. Moustakas, and Katherine A. Mirica
Chapter 10 Biology by the Numbers 217
Rob Phillips
Chapter 11 Eppur si muove 247
Michele Parrinello
Chapter 12 Protein Folding and Beyond: Energy Landscapes
and the Organization of Living Matter in
Time and Space 267
Peter G. Wolynes
Chapter 13 Protein Folding and Misfolding: From Atoms to
Organisms 289
Christopher M. Dobson
Chapter 14 A Systems Approach to Medicine Will Transform
Healthcare 337
Leroy Hood
Chapter 15 The Neurobiology of Consciousness 367
Christof Koch and Florian Mormann
Chapter 16 Computer-Aided Drug Discovery: Physics-based
Simulations from the Molecular to the Cellular Level 401
J. Andrew McCammon
Chapter 17 Precision Measurements in Biology 411
Stephen R. Quake
viii
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Contents
Chapter 18 Potassium Channels and the Atomic Basis of Selective
Ion Conduction 431
Roderick MacKinnon
The 2007 Welch Award Papers 463
Chapter 19 Symmetry Breaking, Delocalization and Dynamics in
Electron Transfer Systems 465
Noel S. Hush
Chapter 20 The Initial Value Representation of Semiclassical Theory:
A Practical Way for Adding Quantum Effects to Classical
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Complex Molecular
Systems 505
William H. Miller
Biographies 527
ix
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