Netherlands Yearbook Of International Law 2018: Populism And International Law

309 Pages·4.413 MB·English

by  Janne E. Nijman, Wouter G. Werner

Netherlands
Yearbook
of International
Law 2018
Populism and International Law
Netherlands Yearbook of International Law
Volume 49
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8913
Janne E. Nijman Wouter G. Werner
(cid:129)
Volume Editors
Netherlands Yearbook
of International Law 2018
Populism and International Law
123
Volume Editors
JanneE. Nijman Wouter G.Werner
Faculty of Law Faculty of Law
University of Amsterdam Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Amsterdam, TheNetherlands Amsterdam, TheNetherlands
ISSN 0167-6768 ISSN 1574-0951 (electronic)
Netherlands Yearbook of International Law
ISBN978-94-6265-330-6 ISBN978-94-6265-331-3 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-331-3
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Board of Editors
Ramses A. Wessel Wouter G. Werner
(General Editor) (General Editor)
University of Twente Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Fabian Amtenbrink Maarten den Heijer
Erasmus University Rotterdam University of Amsterdam
Martin Kuijer Janne E. Nijman
Ministry of Justice and Security University of Amsterdam
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Nikolas M. Rajkovic
Denise Prévost Tilburg University
Maastricht University
Harmen van der Wilt
Otto Spijkers University of Amsterdam
Utrecht University
Managing Editor
Bérénice Boutin
T.M.C. Asser Institute The Hague
Editorial Assistant
Kike Ajibade
Aims and Scope
The Netherlands Yearbook of International Law (NYIL) was first published in
1970.Asadouble-blindpeer-reviewedpublication,theNYILoffersaforumforthe
publicationofscholarlyarticlesofaconceptualnatureinavaryingthematicareaof
public international law. In addition, each Yearbook includes a section Dutch
Practice in International Law. The NYIL is published under the auspices of the
T.M.C. Asser Instituut.
T.M.C. Asser Instituut
Located in the ‘international zone’ of The Hague—the City of Justice, Peace and
Security, the T.M.C. Asser Instituut is a leading, inter-university research institute
operating in the broad field of international law.
Foundedin1965,theInstitute’sinternationalcommunityofscholarsisengaged
in research, postgraduate training and dissemination of knowledge in furtherance
of the purposes and principles of international law. This inter-university institute
cooperates closely with and supports the Dutch universities’ activities in the rele-
vant disciplines. The academic fields covered by the Institute are Private
International Law, Public International Law, Law of the European Union,
International Commercial Arbitration, International Humanitarian Law,
International Criminal Law and International Sports Law.
The Institute enjoys an excellent reputation at both a national and an interna-
tional level for its development, organisation and hosting of conferences and aca-
demic meetings, demand-driven postgraduate programmes and training. Its
ancillary Websites and data collections all contribute to a coherent and integral
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The Institute has its own publishing house, T.M.C. Asser Press. T.M.C. Asser
Press not only serves the publishing needs of the T.M.C. Asser Instituut, but also
those of academics and practitioners worldwide in the fields of International and
European Law.
T.M.C. Asser Instituut
Institute for Private and Public International Law
International Commercial Arbitration and European Law
Institute Address:
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Contents
Part I Populism and International Law
1 Populism and International Law: What Backlash
and Which Rubicon? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Janne E. Nijman and Wouter G. Werner
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.2 Populism and International Law. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.3 Historical Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.4 Papers Introduced and Summarised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2 Trump, International Trade and Populism. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Lukasz Gruszczynski and Jessica Lawrence
2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.2 Populism, Neoliberalism and Construction of Truth . . . . . . . . . 22
2.3 Trump and International Trade Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.4 Trump’s Neoliberal Populism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.5 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
3 Populist Paranoia and International Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Aaron Fichtelberg
3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
3.2 A Genealogy of Populism in the USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
3.3 Populism and International Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.4 The Constitution, Populism, and International Law. . . . . . . . . . 52
3.5 Trumpian Populism and International Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3.6 Paranoia and International Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
3.7 Towards a Populist International Law?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
ix
x Contents
4 Is There a ‘Populist’ International Law (in Latin America)? . . . . . 69
Alejandro Rodiles
4.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
4.2 Latin American ‘Classical Populism’ at the International
Level – Between Pragmatic Self-assurance and Proactive
Tercermundismo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
4.2.1 Peronismo’s Third Position or Semi-peripherical
Pragmatism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
4.2.2 Mexico’s Populist Foreign Policy in the 1970s:
The Promotion of a New International Economic
Order (NIEO). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
4.3 The ‘New Latin American Left’: Attempts at Decolonising
Global Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
4.3.1 The Counter-Coalition Called ‘ALBA-TCP’. . . . . . . . . 83
4.3.2 Evo Morales and the Emergence of a Global
Law of Nature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.4 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
5 Populism, International Law and the End of Keep Calm
and Carry on Lawyering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Christine Schwöbel-Patel
5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
5.2 Internationalists versus Populists: A View from Above . . . . . . . 101
5.3 International Lawyers as the Elites: A View from Below . . . . . 105
5.4 International Legal Organisations: A Structural View . . . . . . . . 106
5.5 Unsettling Populist versus Internationalist Binaries . . . . . . . . . . 110
5.6 Populism as a Tactic for a Multilateralism of Solidarity . . . . . . 114
5.7 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
6 People, Politics and Populismin International Criminal Law:
The Mungiki as Kenyan Ethnos and Kenyan Demos . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Edwin Bikundo
6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
6.2 People in the United Nations Charter and International
Criminal Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
6.3 Female Circumcision and the Politics of Patriarchy. . . . . . . . . . 130
6.4 The Faustian Pact, Political Violence and Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
6.5 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140