Jones' Clinical Paediatric Surgery: Diagnosis and Management, Sixth Edition

317 Pages·2008·10.69 MB·English

Jones’
Clinical Paediatric Surgery
Diagnosis and Management
Jones’ Clinical Paediatric Surgery: Diagnosis and Management, 6th edition.
Edited by J. M. Hutson, M. O’Brien, A. A. Woodward, and S. W. Beasley
© 2008 Blackwell Publishing, ISBN: 978-1-405-16267-8
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Jones’
Clinical
Paediatric Surgery
Diagnosis and Management
By the Staff of the Royal Children’s Hospital,
Melbourne
EDITED BY
John M Hutson
AO, BS, MD (Monash), MD, DSc (Melb), FRACS,
FAAP (Hon)
Chair of Paediatric Surgery, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne
General Surgeon and Urologist, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne
Michael O’Brien
MB, BCh, BAO, PhD, FRCSI (Paed), FRACS (Paed)
Paediatric Urologist, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne
Alan A Woodward
MBBS, FRCS, FRACS
General Surgeon and Urologist, Royal Children’s Hospital
Spencer W Beasley
MBChB (Otago), MS (Melb). FRACS
Professor of Paediatric Surgery, Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand
SIXTH EDITION
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© 2008 by Blackwell Publishing
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Sixth edition 2008
1 2008
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Jones’ clinical paediatric surgery : diagnosis and management / by the staff of the Royal Children’s Hospital,
Melbourne ; edited by John M. Hutson ... [et al.]. -- 6th ed.
p. ; cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4051-6267-8
1. Children--Surgery. I. Jones, Peter G. II. Hutson, John M. III. Royal Children’s Hospital.
IV. Title: Clinical paediatric surgery.
[DNLM: 1. Surgical Procedures, Operative. 2. Child. 3. Infant, Newborn. 4. Infant.
5. Pediatrics--methods. WO 925 J76 2008]
RD137.C55 2008
617.9’8--dc22
2007047283
ISBN: 978-1-4051-6267-8
A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library
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Contents
List of Contributors, ix
Foreword to the First Edition by Mark M Ravitch, x
Tribute to Mr Peter Jones, xi
Preface to the Sixth Edition, xii
Acknowledgements, xiii
Introduction, 1
1 Antenatal Diagnosis – Surgical Aspects, 3
2 The Care and Transport of the Newborn, 7
3 The Child in Hospital, 13
Neonatal Emergencies, 17
4 Respiratory Distress in the Newborn, 19
5 Diaphragmatic Hernia, 26
6 Oesophageal Atresia and Tracheo-Oesophageal Fistula, 30
7 Bowel Obstruction, 35
8 Abdominal Wall Defects, 44
9 Spina Bifi da, 49
10 Disorders of Sexual Development, 56
11 Anorectal Anomalies, 61
Head and Neck, 67
12 The Scalp, Skull and Brain, 69
13 The Eye, 79
14 The Ear, Nose and Throat, 91
15 Cleft Lip, Palate and Craniofacial Anomalies, 97
16 Abnormalities of the Neck and Face, 106
v
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vi Contents
Abdomen, 115
17 The Umbilicus, 117
18 Vomiting in the First Months of Life, 121
19 Intussusception, 126
20 Abdominal Pain: Appendicitis?, 130
21 Recurrent Abdominal Pain, 136
22 Constipation, 139
23 Bleeding from the Alimentary Canal, 142
24 Infl ammatory Bowel Disease, 147
25 The Child with an Abdominal Mass, 153
26 Spleen, Pancreas and Biliary Tract, 157
27 Anus, Perineum and Female Genitalia, 162
28 Undescended Testes and Varicocele, 168
29 Inguinal Region and Acute Scrotum, 172
30 The Penis, 179
Urinary Tract, 185
31 Urinary Tract Infection, 187
32 Vesico-Ureteric Refl ux, 193
33 Urinary Tract Dilatation, 198
34 The Child with Wetting, 205
35 The Child with Haematuria, 211
Trauma, 215
36 Trauma in Childhood, 217
37 Head Injuries, 224
38 Abdominal and Thoracic Injuries, 231
39 Foreign Bodies, 236
40 The Ingestion of Corrosives, 241
41 Burns, 243
Orthopaedics, 247
42 Neonatal Orthopaedics, 249
43 Orthopaedics in the Infant and Toddler, 254
44 Orthopaedics in the Child, 259
45 Orthopaedics in the Teenager, 266
46 The Hand, 271
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Contents vii
Chest, 275
47 The Breast, 277
48 Chest Wall Deformities, 279
49 Lungs, Pleura and Mediastinum, 283
Skin and Soft Tissues, 291
50 Vascular and Pigmented Naevi, 293
51 Soft Tissue Lumps, 298
Answers to Case Questions, 301
52 Answers to Case Questions, 303
Index, 311
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Contributors
Spencer W Beasley, MS, FRACS Kerr Graham, MD, FRCS(Ed), Wirginia J Maixner, FRACS
Professor of Paediatric Surgery FRACS Neuroscience Centre
Christchurch Hospital Professor of Orthopaedics Royal Children’s Hospital
Christchurch, New Zealand Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Australia
Parkville, Victoria,
Robert Berkowitz MD, FRACS Australia Michael O’Brien, PhD, FRCSI (Paed),
Department of Otolaryngology FRACS (Paed)
Royal Children’s Hospital Anthony Holmes, FRACS Department of Paediatric Urology
Parkville, Victoria, Australia Diplomate, American Board of Plastic Royal Children’s Hospital
Surgery; Plastic and Parkville, Victoria, Australia
CA Bevan, MRCPCH Maxillofacial Surgery Department
Department of General Surgery Royal Children’s Hospital Anthony J Penington, FRACS
(Trauma unit) Parkville, Victoria, Department of Plastic Surgery
Royal Children’s Hospital Australia Royal Children’s Hospital
Parkville, Victoria, Australia Parkville, Victoria, Australia
John M Hutson, AO, MD, DSc,
Thomas Clarnette, MD, FRACS FRACS, FAAP Keith B Stokes, FRACS
Department of General Surgery Professor of Paediatric Surgery Department of General Surgery
Royal Children’s Hospital Royal Children’s Hospital Royal Children’s Hospital
Parkville, Victoria, Australia Parkville, Victoria, Australia Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Joe Crameri, FRACS Bruce R Johnstone, FRACS Russell G Taylor, FRACS
Department of General Surgery Department of Plastic and Maxillofacial Department of General Surgery
Royal Children’s Hospital Surgery Royal Children’s Hospital Royal Children’s Hospital
Parkville, Victoria, Australia Parkville, Victoria, Australia Parkville, Victoria, Australia
James E Elder, FRACO, FRACS Vivek A Josan, FRACS Alan A Woodward, FRCS,FRACS
Department of Ophthalmology Department of Neurosurgery Royal Department of Paediatric Urology
Royal Children’s Hospital Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Royal Children’s Hospital
Parkville, Victoria, Australia Australia Parkville, Victoria, Australia
ix
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Foreword to the First Edition
The progressive increase in the body of information rela- rise to a specifi c symptom – Vomiting in the First Month
tive to the surgical specialities has come to present a vex- of Life, The Jaundiced Newborn Baby, Surgical Causes of
ing problem in the instruction of medical students. There Failure to Thrive. The chapter on genetic counselling is a
is not enough time in the medical curriculum to present model of information and good sense.
everything about everything to them, and in textbook The book is systematic and thorough. A clean style,
material, one is reduced either to synoptic sections in logical sequential discussions and avoidance of esoterica
textbooks of surgery or to the speciality too detailed for allow the presentation of substantial information over
the student or the non-specialist in complete and author- the entire fi eld of paediatric surgery in this comfortable-
itative textbooks. sized volume with well-chosen illustrations and carefully
There has long been a need for a book of modest size selected bibliography. Many charts and tables, original in
dealing with paediatric surgery in a way suited to the conception, enhance the clear presentation.
requirements of the medical student, general practitioner No other book so satisfactorily meets the need of the
and paediatrician. Peter G. Jones and his associates from student for broad and authoritative coverage in a modest
the distinguished and productive group at the Royal Chil- compass. The paediatric house offi cer (in whose hospital
dren’s Hospital in Melbourne have succeeded in meeting more than 50% of the patients are, after all, surgical) will
this need. The book could have been entitled Surgical be serviced equally well. Paediatric surgeons will fi nd
Conditions in Infancy and Childhood, for it deals with the between these covers an account of the attitudes, prac-
child and his affl ictions, their symptoms, diagnosis and tices and results of one of the world’s greatest paediatric
treatment rather than surgery as such. The reader is told surgical centres. The book comes as a fi tting tribute to the
when and how urgently an operation is required, and 100th anniversary of the Royal Children’s Hospital.
enough about the nature of the procedure to understand
its risks and appreciate its results. This is what students Mark M. Ravitch
need to know and what paediatricians and general practi- Professor of Paediatric Surgery
tioners need to be refreshed on. University of Pennsylvania
Many of the chapters are novel, in that they deal not
with categorical diseases but with the conditions that give
x
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Tribute to Mr Peter Jones
Mr Peter Jones (1922–1995) MB, MS, FRCS, FRACS, FACS, FAAP. The fi rst Australian surgeon to obtain the FRACS in
paediatric surgery, and member of RACS Council (1987–1995), Vice-President of the Medical Defence Association of
Victoria (1974–1988) and President of the Australian Association of Surgeons (1983–1986). He was legendary as a med-
ical historian and in heraldry, as a great raconteur, but primarily as a great student teacher.
xi
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Preface to the Sixth Edition
The objective of the fi rst edition of this book was to bring The plan for the fi fth edition has been largely retained,
together information on surgical conditions in infancy with the inclusion of a list of key points for each chapter.
and childhood for use by medical students and resident Nearly half of the contributors to this edition are new
medical offi cers. It remains a great satisfaction to our members of the hospital staff, and bring a fresh outlook
contributors that the book has fulfi lled this aim success- and state-of-the-art ideas. We have maintained the previ-
fully, and that a sixth edition is now required. Family doc- ously successful style, while including some new images.
tors, paediatricians and many others concerned with the It is now more than 10 years since Mr Peter Jones died,
welfare of children have also found the book useful. and this book remains as a dedication to him. Peter was a
A knowledgeable medical publisher once commented great teacher and it is a daunting task for those who fol-
to Peter Jones that this book is not about surgery but low in his footsteps. We hope this new edition will con-
about paediatrics, and this is what it should be, as we have tinue to honour the memory of a great paediatric surgeon
continued to omit almost all details of operative surgery. who understood what students need to know.
xii
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