Electrician's Pocket Manual

402 Pages·2012·4.2 MB·English

Electrician’s
Pocket Manual
Rex Miller
Professor Emeritus
State University College
Buffalo, New York
Second Edition
McGraw-Hill
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DOI: 10.1036/0071458875
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CONTENTS
Preface /vii
Acknowledgments /ix
1. Special Equipment /1
2. Troubleshooting /11
3. Troubleshooting Electric Motors /25
4. Alarm Systems /47
5. Lamps and Lighting Systems /71
6. Electric Motors /103
7. Power Sources /121
8. Wires and Wiring /147
9. Hazardous Locations Equipment /203
10. Programmable Controllers /229
11. Wiring for Telephone Installation /233
12. Basic Mathematics and Measurement Conversion /269
13. Estimating a Job /279
14. Electrical and Electronic Formulas /283
15. Basic Electronics /305
16. How to Measure /323
Appendix 1. Rules of Safety /333
Appendix 2. Codes, Standards and Regulations /349
Appendix 3. National Electrical Code Tables
Measurement /357
Index/387
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Rex Milleris Professor Emeritus of Industrial Technology at
State University College at Buffalo and has taught technical
curriculum at the college level for more than four decades.
Mr. Miller is the co-author of McGraw-Hill’s bestselling
Carpentry & Construction, Third Edition, as well as more than
75 texts for vocational and industrial arts programs. He
resides in Round Rock, Texas.
Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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PREFACE
This new edition of a popular pocket reference contains much new
material. The pocket size has much new information inserted
where needed to bring it up to date.
The value of the new edition has been enhanced by its more
compact format that allows you to locate your information more
quickly. Information in this edition has been updated to reflect
changes in the latest edition of the National Electrical Code(also
known as the Code).
The purpose of this book is to aid you in your everyday tasks and
keep you updated with the latest facts, figures, and devices in this
important trade.
Many illustrations are included, which show a variety of parts
and techniques found in present day practice in the field.Obviously,
not all related problems can be presented here, since there is a
great deal of ingenuity required by the worker on the job. For stan-
dard procedure, however, the National Electrical Code handbook
does give a guide to the number of wires and types of equipment
that is safe to install in a given location. This handbook should be
a part of your tool kit.
Rex Miller
Copyright © 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author would like to thank the following manufacturers for
their generous efforts. They furnished photographs, drawings, and
technical assistance. Without their valuable time and effort this
book would not have been possible. We hope this acknowledg-
ment of some of the contributors will let you know that the field you
are working in or are about to enter is one of the best. Individuals,
too numerous to mention, have also played a role in this book. I
would like to take this opportunity to also thank them for their
contributions.
Arrow Fastener Co., Inc. *National Electrical Code
Automatic Switching Co. National Electrical Contractors
Bodine Electric Co. Association
Bryant Electric Co. NEMA (National Electrical
Manufacturers Association)
Canadian Standards Association
Carlon Niagara-Mohawk Power Corp.
NuTone, Inc.
Clauss Tools, Division of
Ripley Tools Square D, Inc.
Crouse-Hinds Electric Stanley Tools, Division of
Contractor Materials The Stanley Works
ITW Linx Star Industries
M.M. Rhodes & Sons, Co. Underwriters’ Laboratories, Inc.
Motorola, Inc. WiremoldTools & Raceways
* National Electrical Codeand NECare registered trademarks of the
National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts.
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1
Special Equipment
Certain jobs or particular locations in which routine jobs must be
done require the use of special equipment for gaining access in
hard-to-reach places. Other types of jobs, especially industrial and
commercial settings, may also require the use of special or large,
heavy-duty equipment. Not every electrician needs to have these
tools in the toolbox. Most large, expensive, and complicated tools
are provided by the electrical contractor for whom the electrician
works. However, the apprentice electrician should have familiarity
with the more common special tools and their use.
BENDERS
There are cable benders for large cables that cannot be bent by
hand and there are conduit benders.
Cable Bender. A cable bender is
used to bend cable in close quarters
with a minimum of effort. Most
cable benders have insulated han-
dles for the user’s comfort. Figure 1-1
shows a typical cable bender. This
one can handle cable up to 750
MCM. FIGURE 1-1. Cable bender.
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2
CHAPTER ONE
FIGURE 1-2. Electric bender.
Electric Bender. An electric bender can handle large rigid-steel
and aluminum conduit easily. Bending shoes are sized to fit the
conduit. Figure 1-2 shows a typical electric bender with different
shoes and support rollers for various sizes of conduit.
Hydraulic Bender. A hydraulic bender is used to end conduit. A
steel box houses the bender unit that can be used with two electric
pumps or a manual pump. Figure 1-3 shows a typical hydraulic
bender. Become familiar with its parts so that you are able to use
it on the job.
CABLE GUIDE
Acable guide is used to keep cable where it is supposed to be
while it is being pulled through conduit, along trays, or under-
ground through manholes in the street. Some models have an
adjustable radius that permits cable of different diameters to be
guided. Figure 1-4 shows a cable guide with a radius that can be
adjusted from 191/ to 36 inches.
2
CABLE ROLLERS
Cable rollers are designed to reduce the problems associated with
pulling cable over trays and ladders and to prevent snags. There