Eating Landscape: Aztec and European Occupation of Tlalocan

611 Pages·1999·2.53 MB·English

by  Philip P. Arnold

Eating Landscape

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Mesoamerican Worlds: From the Olmecs to the Danzantes
Life and Death in the Templo Mayor, Eduardo Matos Moctezuma
Mesoamerica's Classic Heritage: Teotihuacán to the Aztecs, Davíd
Carrasco, Lindsay Jones, and Scott Sessions
The Offerings of the Templo Mayor, Leonardo López Luján
Tamoanchan, Tlalocan: Places of Mist, Alfredo López Austin
Twin City Tales: A Hermenueutical Reassessment of Tula and Chichén
Itzá, Lindsay Jones
Utopia and History in Mexico: The First Chronicles of Mexican
Civilization, 12501569, Georges Baudot
Series Editors:
Davíd Carrasco
Eduardo Matos Moctezuma
Editorial Board:
Michio Araki
Alfredo López Austin
Anthony Aveni
Elizabeth Boone
Doris Heyden
Charles H. Long
Henry B. Nicholson
Page iii
Eating Landscape
Aztec and European Occupation of Tlalocan
Philip P. Arnold
University Press of Colorado 1999
Page iv
Copyright © 1999 by the University Press of Colorado
International Standard Book Number 0-87081-518-0
Published by the University Press of Colorado
P.O. Box 849
Niwot, Colorado 80544
All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
The University Press of Colorado is a cooperative publishing
enterprise supported, in part, by Adams State College, Colorado State
University, Fort Lewis College, Mesa State College, Metropolitan
State College of Denver, University of Colorado, University of
Northern Colorado, University of Southern Colorado, and Western
State College of Colorado.
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements
of the American National Standard for Information
SciencesPermanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. ANSI
Z39.48-1984
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Arnold, Philip P., 1957
Aztec and European occupation of Tlalocan, the eating landscape /
Philip P. Arnold.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-87081-518-0 (hardcover : alk. paper)
1. AztecsRites and ceremonies. 2. AztecsLand tenure.
3. Aztec cosmology. 4. Tlaloc (Aztec diety) 5. Geographical
perceptionMexicoMexico, Valley ofHistory. I. Title.
F1219.76.R57A75 1999
972'.49dc21 99-10880
CIP
08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 99 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Page v
For Sandy
CONTENTS
Page vii
List of Illustrations ix
Foreword xiii
Acknowledgements xi
Preface xv
1. Introduction: Orienting Questions and Methods 1
The Matter of Understanding 4
Part I: Explorations of Tlalocan
2. Introduction to a Mesoamerican Landscape 33
Tlaloc and the Sources 33
Etymologies of Tlaloc 35
Tlaloc Iconography at Teotihuacan 39
Tlaloc Archaeology, Ethnology, and Ecology 46
Templo Mayor 49
The Body in Mesoamerican Time and Space 53
3. Rituals to Tlaloc 77
I-Atl CahualoWater Left; Drought 78
VI-EtzalcualiztliEating Bean [Maize] Stew 92
XIII-TepeilhuitlFestival of the Mountains 107
XVI-AtemoztliDescending Water 112
4. The Ritual Cosmology of Tlalocan 129
Earth Body 130
Vital Fluids 143
Plant and Animal Beings 154
Eating and Giving Food 159
Part II: Tlalocan and New Spain: Hermeneutics of
Occupation in the Valley of Mexico
5. The Interpretive Legacy of Conquest 179
"Primacy" and the Irony of Interpretation 198
6. The (No)Place of Sahagún 217
7. Violence, Sacrifice, and Utopia 233
The Violence of Utopia 234
The Materiality of Religions 241
References 253
Maps Consulted 273
Index 275
Page ix
ILLUSTRATIONS
2.1 Valley of Mexico circa 1519 34
2.2 Urban planning at Teotihuacan related to hills and 40
water, redrawn from Aveni (1980)
2.3 Tlaloc at the Templo Mayor 50
2.4 Aztec cosmology, redrawn from the Codex Fejérváry- 61
Mayer
3.1 I-Atl cahualo, redrawn from the Códice Matritense del 79
Real Palacio
3.2 I-Atl cahualo/Quahuitl ehua, redrawn from the Tovar 80
Calendar, Juan de Tovar
3.3 Ceremonial sites visited during IV-Huei tozoztli 88
3.4 VI-Etzalcualiztli, redrawn from the Tovar Calendar, 94
Juan de Tovar
3.5 VI-Etzalcualiztli, redrawn from the Códice Matritense 95
del Real Palacio
3.6 XIII-Tepeilhuitl, redrawn from the Tovar Calendar, 108
Juan de Tovar
3.7 XIII-Tepeilhuitl, redrawn from the Códice Matritense 109
del Real Palacio
3.8 XVI-Atemoztli, redrawn from the Tovar Calendar, 113
Juan de Tovar
3.9 XVI-Atemoztli, redrawn from the Códice Matritense 114
del Real Palacio