Aquatic Oligochaeta: Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Aquatic Obligochaete Biology, held in Pallanza, Italy, September 21–24, 1982

240 Pages·1984·11.68 MB·English

by  Ralph O. Brinkhurst (auth.)

Aquatic Oligochaeta
Developments in Hydrobiology 24
Series editor
H. J. Dumont
Aquatic Oligochaeta
Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Aquatic
Oligochaete Biology, held in Pal lanza, Italy, September 21-24, 1982
Edited by
G. Bonomi and C. Erseus
Reprinted from Hydrobiologia, vol. 115 (1984)
,II
1984 DR W. JUNK PUBLISHERS ...
A MEMBER OF THE KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS GROUP
DORDRECHT/BOSTON/LANCASTER ~
Distributors
for the United States and Canada: Kluwer Boston, Inc.,
190 Old Derby Street, Hingham, MA 02043, USA
for the UK and Ireland: Kluwer Academic Publishers, MTP
Press Limited, Falcon House, Queen Square, Lancaster
LAI IRN, UK
for all other countries: Kluwer Academic Publishers Group,
Distribution Center, P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht,
The Netherlands
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
International Symposium on Aquatic Oligochaete
Biology (2nd : 1982 : Pallanza, Italy)
Aquatic Oligochaeta.
(Developments in hydrobiology ; 24)
"Reprinted from Hydrobiologia, vol. 115."
Includes indexes.
1. Oligochaeta--Congresses. 2. Aquatic invertebrates-
Congresses. I. Bonomi, G. (Giuliano) II. Erslus, C.
(Christer) III. Hydrobiologia. IV. Title. V. Series.
QL391.A6I57 1982 595.1'46'0916 84-4361
ISBN-13: 978-94-009-6565-2 e-ISBN-13: 978-94-009-6563-8
DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-6563-8
Cover design: Max Velthuijs
Copyright
© 1984 Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1984
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be re
produced, stored iQ a retrieval system, or transmitted in any
form of by any means, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
publishers.
Dr W. Junk Publishers, P.O. Box 163, 3300 AD Dordrecht,
The Netherlands.
This volume is dedicated
to the memory of H. R. Baker
Preface
At the First International Symposium on Aquatic Oligochaete Biology in Sidney, B.C., the suggestion was
made to hold the second in Pallanza, on Lake Maggiore, at the C.N.R.-Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia. At
the same time it was decided that there should be a symposium every third year.
The organization of the symposium was made considerably easier by the Senior Editor's having been in
personal contact with several Russian colleagues (courtesy of a kind invitation from the U.S.S.R. Academy
of Sciences), the 'Hamburg Group' and the Junior Editor. Correspondence with various students of
Oligochaeta also furnished many useful suggestions.
The Second International Symposium on Aquatic Oligochaete Biology was therefore held in Pallanza in
late September 1982 and was attended by 53 scientists from 16 countries in Europe, North America, Asia and
Australia. No review papers were formally invited as this had already been done at the first symposium: all the
papers were accordingly allotted the same time for oral presentation. These proceedings contain all papers
presented at the symposium, including those by Hrabe and Slepukhina, which were given in absentia, as it
was impossible for the authors to join the group. The main topics were taxonomy and evolution of
Oligo chaeta, life-cyle and population studies, the role of Oligo chaeta in assessing water pollution, physiolog
ical studies, community and distribution studies. Special taxonomic workshops took place in the evenings.
After an informal 'al fresco' reception on the evening of September 20th, the opening session was held the
following morning at the C.N.R.-Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia. Participants were formally welcomed by
Prof. Ettore Grimaldi, Director of the Institute, and by Prof. Livia Tonolli, the S.I.L. National Representa
tive. In the afternoon the group moved to the hotel, in whose conference hall the remaining sessions took
place. During the symposium we took some breaks - a visit to the beautiful botanic gardens of Villa Taranto
(thanks to the kind generosity of Livia T onolli) and a tour of the Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia laborato
ries. The official dinner was a very pleasant occasion in the fairy-tale setting of Orta on the lake of the same
name 30 km from Pallanza.
Mrs. Adreani and Mrs. Nobili very much appreciated the many expressions of thanks which arrived after
the end of the symposium, in recognition of their valuable efforts in running the secretariat; Mr. Arca, Mr.
Piazza and Miss Sabadini were of particular help in the conference rooms, but we acknowledge the
contribution of the entire staff of the Istituto to the success of the meeting. Miss Sandra Spence revised almost
all of the English texts and generously assisted in the symposium activities.
We are especially grateful to our colleague Dr. Carla Bonacina whose help and support were inestimable at
every stage of our work, including the editing of the papers.
The symposium was sponsored and entirely financed by the National Research Council of Italy, to whom
we give our grateful thanks. S.I.L. sponsorship was also given.
The same atmosphere of friendly cooperation which was noticeable in Sidney was also in evidence in
Pallanza, and we are certain that the Hamburg Symposium of 1985 will carryon this happy tradition.
G. Bonomi
C. Erseus
Contents
Preface ............................................................................... VII
List of participants and contributors ...................................................... XIII
Howard R. Baker (1955-1983) in memoriam .............................................. .
PART ONE: TAXONOMY AND EVOLUTION
I. A phenetic and cladistic study of spermatozoal ultrastructure in the Oligochaeta (Annelida)
by B. G. M. Jamieson ............................................................. 3
2. Two atavistic characters of some Lumbriculidae and their importance for the classification of
Oligochaeta
by Sergej Hrabe .................................................................. 15
3. Phylogenetic and taxonomic problems in freshwater Oligo chaeta with special emphasis on chitinous
structures in Tubificinae
by Michael Dzwillo .......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4. The position of the Haplotaxidae in the evoluti~n of oligochaete annelids
by R. O. Brinkhurst . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5. Aspects of the phylogeny of the marine Tubificidae
by Christer Erseus ................................................................ 37
6. Specific criteria in'Grania (Oligochaeta, Enchytraeidae)
by Kathryn A. Coates ............................................................. 45
7. Capilloventer atlanticus gen. et sp.n., a member of a new family of marine Oligochaeta from Brazil
by Walter J. Harman & Michael S. Loden ........................................... 51
8. A method of identifying immature specimens of marine Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta) by vital
staining of epidermal glands
by K.-J. Kossmagk-Stephan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
PART TWO: CYTOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY
9. Cytological aspects of oligochaete spermiogenesis
by Marco Ferraguti ............................................................... 59
10. Life-cycle and karyology of Branchiura sowerbyi Beddard (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae)
by Sandra Casellato . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
II. Diet and histophysiology of the alimentary canal of Lumbricillus lineatus (Oligochaeta, Enchy
traeidae)
by Stuart R. Gelder. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . . . . . 71
x
12. The gutless oligochaete Phallodrilus leukodermatus Giere, a tubificid of structural, ecological and
physiological relevance
by O. Giere, H. Felbeck, R. Dawson & G. Liebezeit ................................... 83
PART THREE: LIFE CYCLE, PRODUCTION AND POPULATION DYNAMICS
13. Asexual propagation and reproductive strategies in aquatic Oligochaeta
by Bent Christensen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
14. Life cycles and reproductive adaptations of marine Oligochaeta from European boreal shores
by Olaf Pfannkuche . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
15. Parthenogenesis in Tubificidae
by Tamara L. Poddubnaya ...... , . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . .. . . . . .. . . .. .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . 97
16. Potential age of aquatic Oligochaeta
by Tarmo Timm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. .. . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. .. .. .. .. . . . . . . . 101
17. Growth of Stylaria lacustris (L.) (Oligochaeta, Naididae)
by N. P. Finogenova .............................................................. 105
18. The biology of Psammoryctides barbatus (Grube) in English chalk streams
M. Ladle & G. J. Bird .................. : .. .. . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . . .. .. .. . . .. .. . 109
19. Cohort cultures of Psammoryctides barbatus (Grube) and SpirospermaJerox Eisen: a tool for a
better understanding of demographic strategies in Tubificidae
c.
by L. Adreani, C. Bonacina, G. Bonomi & Monti.. . . . . .. . . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. . . . 113
20. Oxygen demand and long term changes of profundal zoobenthos
by Petur J6nasson ................................................................ 121
PART FOUR: POLLUTION AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE
21. Oligochaete communities as biological descriptors of pollution in the fine sediments of rivers
by Michel Lafont. .. . . . .. .. . . .. . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. .. .. .. . . . 127
22. Eutrophication of Lakes Leman and Neuchatel (Switzerland) indicated by oligochaete communities
by Claude Lang .................................................................. 131
23. Lethal and sublethal tolerances of aquatic oligochaetes with reference to their use as a biotic index
of pollution
by Peter M. Chapman & Ralph O. Brinkhurst ........................................ 139
24. Oligochaeta of the middle Po River (Italy): principal component analysis of the benthic data
by Andreina Paoletti & Beatrice Sambugar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
25. Short term dynamics of the dominant annelids in a polyhaline temperate estuary
by Robert J. Diaz ................................................................ 153
26. The occurrence of species of semi-aquatic Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta) in Ireland
by Brenda Healy & Thomas Bolger. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
27. The oligochaetes (Annelida, Oligochaeta) in a lake and a canal in the agricuiturallandscape of
Poland
by K. Kasprzak................................................................... 171
28. Oligochaeta ofthe epigean and underground fauna of the alluvial plain of the French upper Rhone
(biotypological trial)
by J. Juget . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
29. Comparison of different methods ot water quality evaluation by means of oligochaetes
by T. D. Slepukhina .............................................................. 183
Xl
PART FIVE: DISTRIBUTION
30. On aquatic Oligochaeta Lumbricomorpha in Europe
by Pietro Omodeo ................................................................ 187
31. Diversity and zoogeography of marine Tubificidae (Annelida, Oligochaeta) with notes on variation
in widespread species
by H. R. Baker................................................................... 191
32. Distribution and habitat characteristics of N aididae and Tubificidae in the inland waters oflsrael
and the Sinai Peninsula
by C. Pascar-Gluzman & C. Dimentman ............................................. 197
33. A taxonomic and faunistic survey of the marine Tubificidae and Enchytraeidae (Oligochaeta) of
Italy. Introduction and preliminary results
by Giuliano Bonomi & Christer Erseus .............................................. 207
34. Ecology and importance of Oligochaeta in the biocoenosis of zoobenthos in lakes of the National
Park of the Lithuanian SSR
by Antanas Grigelis ............................................................... 211
35. The distribution of aquatic oligochaetes in the fenland area ofN.W. Overijssel (The Netherlands)
by Piet F. M. Verdonschot ......................................................... 215
36. Oligochaeta from profundal zones of Spanish reservoirs
by E. Martinez-Ansemil & N. Prat .................................................. 223
Index!. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .. . . .. .. . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . .. .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . .. . . .. . . 231
List of participants and contributors
Luciana Adreani, C.N.R.-Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, Largo V. Tonolli 50/52,1-28048 Pallanza NO,
Italy
Randy Baker, Department of Biology, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 1700, Victoria, British Columbia,
Canada V8W 2Y2
Carla Bonacina, C.N.R.-Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, Largo V. T onolli 50/52,1-28048 Pallanza NO, Italy
Giuliano Bonomi, C.N.R.-Istituto Italiano di Idrobiologia, Largo V. Tonolli 50/52,1-28048 Pallanza NO,
Italy
Ralph 0. Brinkhurst, Institute of Ocean Sciences, P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada
V8L4B2
Sandra Casellato, Istituto di Biologia Animale, U niversita di Pad ova, Via Loredan 10, 1-35100 Padova, Italy
Christina Centurioni, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9,1-37129 Verona, Italy
Peter M. Chapman, E.V.S. Consultants Ltd., 195 Pemberton Avenue, North Vancouver, British Columbia,
Canada V7P 2R4
Bent Christensen, Institute of Population Biology, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
Kathryn Coates, Institute of Ocean Sciences, P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, British Columbia, Canada V8L 4B2
Robert J. Diaz, Department of Estuarine and Coastal Ecology, Virginia Institute of Marine Science and
School of Marine Science, The College of William and Mary, Gloucester Point, V A 23062, U.S.A.
Michael Dzwillo, Zoologisches Institut und Museum der UniversiUit Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz
3, D-2000 Hamburg 13, Federal Republic of Germany
Christer Erseus, Department of Zoology, University of Gothenburg, Box 25059, S-400 31 Goteborg, Sweden
Marco Ferraguti, Dipartimento di Biologia, Sezione di Zoologia e Citologia, U niversita di Milano, Via
Celoria 26,1-20133 Milano, Italy
Nonna P. Finogenova, Zoological Institute, U.S.S.R. Academy of Sciences, University Embankment,
Leningrad 199034, U.S.S.R.
Stuart R. Gelder, Biology Section, Division of Math/ Science, University of Maine at Presque Isle, Presque
Isle, ME 04769, U.S.A.
Narcisse Giani, Laboratoire d'Hydrobiologie, Universite P. Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062
Toulouse Cedex, France
Olav Giere, Zoologisches Institut und Museum der UniversiUit Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3,
D-2000 Hamburg 13, Federal Republic of Germany
Antanas Grigelis, Institute of Zoology and Parasitology, Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, 232021 Vilnius,
Lithuanian S.S.R., U.S.S.R.
Walter J. Harman, Department of Zoology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, U.S.A.
Brenda Healy, Department of Zoology, University College, Belfield, Stillorgan Road, Dublin 4, Ireland
Sergej Hrabe, Stojanova 9, CS-602 00 Brno, Czechoslovakia
Marice Hulle, Ecole N ormale Superieure, Laboratoire de Zoologie, 46, Rue d'Ulm, F-75230 Paris Cedex 05,
France
Barrie G. M. Jamieson, Department of Zoology, University of Queensland, S 1. Lucia, Bris bane, Queensland,
Australia 4067