Table Of ContentSmithsonian
olklife Festival
Food Culture USA
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Forest Service,
t-; Culture, and Community
Nuestra Música:
Music in Latino Culture
Oman: Desert, Oasis, and Sea
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ANNUAL
39th
SMITHSONIAN FOLKLIFE FESTIVAL
Food Culture USA
Forest Service, Culture, and Community
Nuestra Música: Music in Latino Culture
Oman: Desert, Oasis, and Sea
JUNE 23-July 4, 2005
WASHINGTON, D.C.
The annual Smithsonian Folklite Festival brings
together exemplary practitioners ot diverse traditions,
both old and new, trom communities across the
United States and around the world.The goal of the
Festival is to strengthen and preserve these tradi-
tions by presenting them on the National Mall,
so that the tradition-bearers and the public can
connect with and learn trom one another,and
understand cultural differences in a respectful way.
Smithsonian Institution
Center tor Folklite and Cultural Heritage
NW
750 9th Street
Suite 4100
DC
Washington, 20560-0053
www.folklite.si.edu
©
2005 by the Smithsonian Institution
ISSN [056-6805
Editor: Carla Borden
Associate Editors: Frank Proschan, Peter Seitel
An Director:DeniseArnot
Production Manager: [oan Erdesky
Graphic Designer: ECrystyn MacGregor Confair
Design Intern. Ann Blewazka
Printing Stephenson Printing Inc., Alexandria,Virginia
SMITHSONIAN FOLKLIFE FESTIVAL
The Festival is supported by federally appropriated funds; Smithsonian trust funds; contributions from
governments, businesses, foundations, and individuals; in-kind assistance; and food, recording, and craft
sales.The Festival is co-sponsored by the National Park Service. General support for this year's programs
comes from the Music Performance Fund, with in-kind support provided by Motorola, NEXTEL,
WAMU
88.s FM.WashingtonPost.com,Pegasus Radio Corp.,and IcomAmerica. The 2005 Smithsonian
Folklite Festival has been made possible through the generosity ofthe following donors.
Lead Support
Ministries ofHeritage and Culture,Tourism,
Information,and Foreign Affairs ofOman
USDA
Forest Service
Whole Foods Market
Founding Support
Wallace Genetic Foundation National Endowment for the Arts
Silk Soy Honda
National Forest Foundation Horizon Organic Dairy
United States Department ofAgriculture
Major Support
NEXTEL V.mns Spices
Chipotle Mexican Grill Farm Aid
Guest Services. Inc. Joyce Foundation
HonestTea IBM
Jean-Louis Palladin Foundation The Rodale Institute
TheAmerican Chestnut Foundation Smithsonian Latino Initiatives Fund
Univision
Major In-kind Support
KitchenAid
Zola/Star Restaurant Group
Collaborative Support
Washington, DC Convention andTourism Corporation
Culinary Institute ofAmerica Marriott International
Middle East Institute/Washington, D.C. Radio Bilingüe
Ministry ofExternal Relations ofMexico Public Authority for Crafts Industries ofOman
SMITHSONIAN FOLKLIFE FESTIVAL
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CONTENTS
The Festival'sTimelyAppeal 7
LAWRENCE M. SMALL
Commerce for Culture: From the Festival and
Folkways to Smithsonian Global Sound 9
RICHARD KURIN
Welcome to the 200s Smithsonian Folkhte Festival 15
DIANA PARKER
Food Culture USA: Celebrating a Culinary Revolution 17
JOAN NATHAN
Forest Service, Culture, and Community 31
TERESA HAUGH AND JAMES DEUTSCH
I
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Nuestra Música: Music in Latino Culture Building Community 48
DANIEL SHEEHY
Nuestra Música: Music in Latino Culture Construyendo comunidad 54
DANIEL SHEEHY
Oman: Desert. Oasis,and Sea 61
RICHARD KENNEDY
CraftTraditions ofthe Desert, Oasis,and Sea 66
MARCIA STEGATH DORR AND NEIL RICHARDSON
An Omani Folktale 74
ASYAH AL-BUALY
SMITHSONIAN FOLKLIFE FESTIVAL
Music and Dance in Oman 77
OMAN CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MUSIC
KHALFAN AL-BARWANI, DIRECTOR
General Festival Information 81
Festival Schedule 84
Evening Concerts 94
Related Events 95
Festival Participants 97
Staff 121
Sponsors and SpecialThanks 124
Site Map 130-131
SMITHSONIAN FOLKLIFE FESTIVAL
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THE FESTIVAL'S TIMELY APPEAL
LAWRENCE M. SMALL, SECRETARY, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
Welcome
to the 2005 Smithsonian Folklife Festival!This year we feature 7
[ I
four programs Oman:Desert, Oasis, and Sea; Forest Service, Culture,
and Community; Food Culture USA; and Nuestra Música: Music in
Latino Culture. Now in its 39th year, the Festival once again presents
a sample ofthe diverse cultural heritage ofAmerica and the world to
large public audiences in an educational,respectful,and profoundly democratic way on the
National Mall ofthe United States.True to form, the Festival illustrates the living, vital aspect
ofcultural heritage and provides a forum for discussion on matters ofcontemporary concern.
For the first time, the Festival features an Arab nation, Oman. Oman is at the edge
oftheArabian Peninsula, both geographically and historically situated between East
Africa and the Indian Ocean.Trade routes, frankincense, silverwork, Islam,a strategic
location, and oil have connected it to the cultures ofthe Middle East,Africa,Asia, the
Mediterranean region, and beyond. Contemporary Omanis live poised between a long
and rich past and a future they are in the midst ofdefining. New roads, hospitals,schools,
businesses, high-tech occupations, and opportunities for women are developing along-
side traditionally valued religion, family life, artistry, and architecture. Omanis are well
aware ofthe challenges ofsafeguarding their cultural heritage in an era ot globalization.
The Festival program provides a wonderful illustration ofthe approaches they have taken
and enablesAmerican visitors and Omanis to engage in open, two-way interchange.
During the Festival, the U.S. Department ofAgriculture Forest Service celebrates
its 100th anniversary. Programs in previous years have illustrated the traditions ofWhite
House workers and ofSmithsonian workers.This Festival examines the occupational
culture ofForest Service rangers, smokejumpers, scientists, tree doctors, and many
others devoted to the health and preservation ofour nation's forests.They arejoined
by artists and workers from communities that depend upon the forests for their liveli-
hood or sustenance.The Festival offers a wonderful opportunity tor an active discus-
sion ofthe significance ofour national forests and rangelands to the American people.
Food Culture USA examines the evolution ofour nation's palate over the past
generation. New produce, new foods, new cooking techniques, and even new culi-
nary communities have developed as a result ofimmigrant groups taking their place
in our society, the rise oforganic agriculture, and the growing celebrity ot ethnic and
regional chefs on a national stage.A diversity ot growers, food inspectors,gardeners,
educators, home cooks and prominent chefs share their knowledge and creativity as
they demonstrate the continuity and innovation inAmerica's culinary culture.
SMITHSONIAN FOLKLIFE FESTIVAL
We also continue our program in Latino music this year with a series ofevening concerts.
Last year's program drew many Latinos Co the National Mall, helping the Smithsonian reach
out to a major segment of the American population.Audiences were thrilled by the perfor-
mances, as were the musicians who presented their own cultural expressions and thus helped
educate their fellow citizens ofthe nation and the world. Smithsonian Folkways released
recordings ot three ofthe groups, and one later went on to be nominated for a Grammy
award.This year,Smithsonian Folkways will hopefully continue that tradition with additional
talented musicians from NewYork,Washington, D.C., Chicago, Puerto Rico, and Mexico.
The Festival has provided an amazingly successful means ofpresenting living cultural tradi-
tions and has been used as a model for other states and nations. It has also inspired other major
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national celebrations. Last year, the Festival's producer the Center for Folklife and Cultural
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Heritage organized two major benchmark events. Tribute to ¡i Generation:The National World
llin // Reunion drew more than 100.000 veterans and members ofthe "greatest generation" to
the Mall to celebrate the dedication ofa new national memorial.Through discussions, perfor-
mances, interviews, oral histories, and the posting ofmessages on bulletin boards, members of
that generation shared their stories with some 200,000 younger Americans. It was a stirring
and memorable occasion. Months later, the Center organized the Native Nations Procession and
FirstAmericans Festival tor the grand opening ofthe National Museum ofthe American Indian
This constituted perhaps the largest and most diverse gathering ofNative people in history,
as hunts from Alaska and Canada marched down the Mall along with Suyas from the Amazon
rainforest, Cheyennes marched with Hawaiians, Navajos with Hopis, to claim their respected
place in the hemisphere's long cultural history. Over the course ofthe six-day celebration,
some 000,000 attended concerts, artistic demonstrations, dances, and other activities and
learned a great deal about the living cultural heritage ofAmerica's first inhabitants.
The Festival and the other national events inspired by it help represent the cultural tradi-
tions ot diverse peoples of this nation and the world to a broad public.The Festival is a unique
experience, both educational and inspiring, and one 111 which you, as a visitor, are wholeheartedly
welcome to participate. Enjoy it!
SMITHSONIAN FOLKLIFE FESTIVAL
