The Trauma Manual: Trauma and Acute Care Surgery

821 Pages·2012·16.47 MB·English

by  Andrew B. Peitzman

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THE TRAUMA MANUAL:
TRAUMA AND ACUTE
CARE SURGERY
Fourth Edition
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THE TRAUMA MANUAL:
TRAUMA AND ACUTE
CARE SURGERY
Fourth Edition
G
Editors
R
Andrew B. Peitzman, MD
MarkM.RavitchProfessor V
Chief,TraumaandGeneralSurgery
d
DepartmentofSurgery
UniversityofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine e
Pittsburgh,PA t
i
n
Donald M. Yealy, MD
U
ProfessorandChairofEmergencyMedicine
UniversityofPittsburgh/UniversityofPittsburghPhysicians

Pittsburgh,PA -

Timothy C. Fabian, M9D
HarwellWilsonAlumni9ProfessorandChairman
DepartmentofSurgrery
UniversityofTenniesseeHealthScienceCenter
h
Memphis,TN
a
Michaetl Rhodes, MD
ProfessorofSurgery
ThomasJeffersonUniversity
Chair,DepartmentofSurgery
ChristianaCareHealthSystems
Wilmington,DE
C. William Schwab, MD
ProfessorofSurgery
DepartmentofSurgery
PerelmanSchoolofMedicine
UniversityofPennsylvania
DivisionofTraumatology,SurgicalCriticalCare&EmergencySurgery
HospitaloftheUniversityofPennsylvania
Philadelphia,PA
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This book is dedicated to those who have given their
lives, and those who daily risk their lives, in the care of
the injured.
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Contributors
MichelB.Aboutanos,MD,MPH,FACS VishalBansal,MD,FACS
ProfessorofSurgery AssistantProfessorofSurgery
Director,InternationalTraumaSystem DivisionofTrauma,BurnsandSurgical
DevelopmentProgram CriticalCare
DivisionofTrauma,CriticalCare& UniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoHealth
EmergencySurgery Sciences
DepartmentofSurgery SanDiego,CA
VirginiaCommonwealthUniversity
MedicalCenter PhilipS.Barie,MD,MBA,FIDSA,FCCM,FACS
Richmond,VA Professor
DepartmentsofSurgeryandPublicHealth
SyedM.FaisalAlam,MD WeillCornellMedicalCollege
VascularSurgeryFellow Chief
DivisionofVascularandEndovascular PrestonA.(Pep)WadeAcuteCareSurgery
Surgery Service
DepartmentofSurgery NewYork-PresbyterianHospital/Weill
TheUniversityofTennesseeHealthScience CornellMedicalCenter
Center NewYork,NY
Memphis,TN
TiffanyK.Bee,MD
LouisH.Alarcon,MD AssociateProfessorofSurgery
MedicalDirector,TraumaSurgery TheUniversityofTennesseeHealthScience
AssociateProfessorofSurgeryandCritical Center
CareMedicine Memphis,TN
UniversityofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine
Pittsburgh,PA MatthewV.Benns,MD
AssistantProfessorofSurgery
DarwinAng,MD,PhD,MPH SchoolofMedicine
AssociateProfessorofSurgery UniversityofLouisville
TraumaMedicalDirector,OcalaRegional Louisville,KY
DirectorofResearchUSF/HCATrauma
Network TimothyR.Billiar,MD,FACS
UniversityofSouthFlorida GeorgeVanceFosterProfessorand
Tampa,FL Chairman
DepartmentofSurgery
DerekC.Angus,MD,MPH,FRCP UniversityofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine
Chair,DepartmentofCriticalCare Pittsburgh,PA
Medicine
TheMitchellP.FinkEndowedChairin ThaneA.Blinman,MD
CriticalCareMedicine AssociateDirectorofTrauma
ProfessorofCriticalCareMedicine DivisionofGeneral,Thoracicand
UniversityofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine FetalSurgery
Pittsburgh,PA TheChildren’sHospitalofPhiladelphia
Philadelphia,PA
JuanA.Asensio,MD,FACS,FCCM,FRCS
ProfessorofSurgery DeannaM.Blisard,MD
DepartmentofSurgery DepartmentofCriticalCareMedicineand
UniversityofMiamiMillerSchoolof Surgery
Medicine UniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter
Director,TraumaClinicalResearch, Pittsburgh,PA
TrainingandCommunityAffairs
DepartmentofSurgery AmirBlumenfeld,MD,MHA
UniversityofMiamiMillerSchoolof FormerChief,TraumaBranch
Medicine IsraeliDefenseForces
Miami,FL Israel
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viii Contributors
CharlesC.Branas,PhD AsimF.Choudhri,MD
ProfessorofEpidemiology AssistantProfessorofRadiologyand
PerelmanSchoolofMedicine Neurosurgery
UniversityofPennsylvania TheUniversityofTennesseeHealthScience
Philadelphia,PA Center
Memphis,TN
DirectorofNeuroradiology
BenjaminBraslow,MD,FACS LeBonheurNeuroscienceInstitute
AssociateProfessorofSurgery LeBonheurChildren’sHospital
DivisionofTrauma,EmergencyGeneral Memphis,TN
Surgery&SurgicalCriticalCare
SectionChiefofEmergencyGeneral WilliamL.Chung,DDS,MD
Surgery AssociateProfessor
DepartmentofSurgery DepartmentofOral&Maxillofacial
PerelmanSchoolofMedicine Surgery
UniversityofPennsylvania UniversityofPittsburghMedicalCenter
Philadelphia,PA Pittsburgh,PA
MarkCipolle,MD,PhD
SusanMillerBriggs,MD,MPH
MedicalDirector,TraumaProgram
AssociateProfessorofSurgery ChristianaCareHealthSystem
HarvardMedicalSchool Wilmington,DE
Director,InternationalTraumaand
DisasterInstitute MitchellJ.Cohen,MD
MassachusettsGeneralHospital AssociateProfessorofSurgery
Boston,MA DivisionofGeneralSurgery
DirectorofAcuteCareResearch
SanFranciscoInjuryCenter
L.D.Britt,MD,MPH,FACS,FCCM,FRCSEng
UniversityofCalifornia
(Hon),FRCSEd(Hon),FWACS(Hon),
SanFrancisco,CA
FRCSI(Hon),FCS(SA)(Hon)
BrickhouseProfessorandChairman
RaulCoimbra,MD,PhD,FACS
EasternVirginiaMedicalSchool
TheMonroeE.TroutProfessorofSurgery
DepartmentofSurgery
ExecutiveVice-Chairman,Departmentof
Norfolk,VA
Surgery
ChiefDivisionofTrauma,SurgicalCritical
JoshuaB.Brown,MD Care,andBurns
GeneralSurgeryResident UCSanDiegoHealthSystem
DepartmentofSurgery SanDiego,CA
UniversityofPittsburghMedical
DavidC.Cone,MD
Center
Pittsburgh,PA ProfessorandEMSSectionChief
DepartmentofEmergencyMedicine
YaleUniversitySchoolofMedicine
JodieA.Bryk,MD NewHaven,CT
ChiefInternalMedicineResident
UniversityofPittsburghSchoolof MichaelW.Cripps,MD
Medicine AssistantProfessorofSurgery
Pittsburgh,PA UTSouthwesternMedicalCenter
Dallas,TX
ChristopherH.Byrne,MD MartinA.Croce,MD
AssistantProfessorofSurgery ProfessorofSurgery
DepartmentofSurgery Chief,TraumaandSurgicalCriticalCare
TheUniversityofTennesseeHealthScience TheUniversityofTennesseeHealthScience
Center Center
Memphis,TN Memphis,TN
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Contributors ix
FrederickJ.Denstman,MD AbeFingerhut,MD
Section,ColonandRectalSurgery HippokrationHospitalandMedicalSchool
ChristianaCareHealthSystem Athens,Greece
Wilmington,DE
GerardFulda,MD,FACS,FCCM
JenniferM.DiCocco,MD
Director,SurgicalCriticalCareand
GeneralSurgeryChiefResident
SurgicalResearch
DepartmentofSurgery
ChristianaCareHealthSystems
TheUniversityofTennesseeHealthScience
AssociateProfessorofSurgery
Center
JeffersonMedicalCollege
Memphis,TN
Newark,DE
SoumitraR.Eachempati,MD,FACS,FCCM
ProfessorofSurgeryandPublicHealth GaryN.Galang,MD
WeillCornellMedicalCollege ViceChairmanforOperations
Chief,TraumaServicesandSurgical UPMCRehabilitationInstitute
IntensiveCareUnit UPMCMercyHospital
NewYork-PresbyterianHospital Pittsburgh,PA
NewYorkWeillCornellCenter
NewYork,NY FrederickGiberson,MD,MS
AssistantProfessorofSurgery
PhilipA.Efron,MD
JeffersonMedicalCollege
AssistantProfessorofSurgeryand
ProgramDirector,GeneralSurgery
Anesthesiology
ChristianaCareHealthServices
Co-director,LaboratoryofInflammation
Newark,DE
BiologyandSurgicalScience
AssociateDirector,TraumaICU
ProgramDirector,SurgicalCriticalCare StevenP.Goldberg,MD
Residency AssistantProfessorofSurgery
DepartmentofSurgery,DivisionofAcute DivisionofPediatricCardiothoracic
CareSurgeryandSurgicalCriticalCare Surgery
CollegeofMedicine TheUniversityofTennesseeHealthScience
UniversityofFlorida Center
Gainesville,FL LeBonheurChildren’sHospital
Memphis,TN
TimothyC.Fabian,MD
HarwellWilsonAlumniProfessorand DanielJ.Grabo,MD
Chairman DivisionofTraumatology,SurgicalCritical
DepartmentofSurgery CareandEmergencySurgery
UniversityofTennesseeHealthScience PerelmanSchoolofMedicine
Center UniversityofPennsylvania
Memphis,TN Philadelphia,PA
DavidV.Feliciano,MD
VicenteH.Gracias,MD
Professor
ProfessorofSurgery
DepartmentofSurgery
DepartmentofSurgeryChief
EmoryUniversitySchoolofMedicine
Trauma,EmergencySurgery,Surgical
Surgeon-in-Chief
CriticalCare
DepartmentofSurgery
UMDNJ-RobertWoodJohnsonMedical
GradyMemorialHospital
School
Atlanta,GA
NewBrunswick,NJ
JohnFildes,MD,FACS,FCCM
ProfessorandViceChair FrancisX.Guyette,MD,MPH
DepartmentofSurgery AssistantProfessor,Departmentof
Chief,DivisionofAcuteCareSurgery EmergencyMedicine
UniversityofNevadaSchoolofMedicine MedicalDirector,STATMedEvac
LasVegas,NV Pittsburgh,PA
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