The Sauropods: Evolution and Paleobiology

360 Pages·2005·14.732 MB·English

by  Kristina Curry Rogers, Jeffrey Wilson

THE SAUROPODS

THE SAUROPODS
Evolution and Paleobiology
Kristina A. Curry Rogers and Jeffrey A. Wilson
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
Berkeley Los Angeles London
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University of California Press
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© 2005 by the Regents of the University of California
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The Sauropods: Evolution and Paleobiology / [edited by] Kristina A. Curry
Rogers, Jeffrey A. Wilson.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-520-24623-3 (cloth : alk. paper)
1. Saurischia. 2. Saurischia—Evolution. 3. Saurischia—
Morphology. 4. Saurischia—Anatomy. 5. Paleobiology. I. Curry
Rogers, Kristina A., 1974- II. Wilson, Jeffrey A.
QE862.S3S28 2005
567.913—dc22
2005010624
10 09 08 07 06 05
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements
of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (R 1997) (Permanence of Paper). ∞
Cover: Titanosaurid Nesting Grounds, painting by Mark Hallett.
dedication
This volume is dedicated to our friend John S. Kohl, M.F. and J.S. McIntosh. 1997. Discovering
“Jack” McIntosh. Perhaps more than any other Dinosaurs in the Old West. The Field Journals of
Arthur Lakes. Smithsonian Institution Press,
single person, Jack has influenced the course of
Washington and London, 198 pp.
sauropod studies since World War II. In addi-
McIntosh, J. S. 1989. The sauropod dinosaurs: a
tion to being one of the foremost students of
brief survey. In: Padian, K., and Chure, D. J.
sauropods (McIntosh and Berman, 1975; (eds.). The Age of Dinosaurs. Short Courses in
Berman and McIntosh, 1978; McIntosh, 1989, Paleontology No. 2. University of Tennessee,
1990a, b), Jack has devoted himself to archiving Knoxville. Pp. 85–99.
———. 1990a. Sauropoda. In: Weishampel, D. B.,
and interpreting original map and quarry data
Dodson, P., and Osmólska, H. (eds.). The
from the early history of North American
Dinosauria. University of California Press,
dinosaur paleontology (Ostrom and McIntosh, Berkeley. Pp. 345–401.
1966; Kohl and McIntosh, 1997). We close The ———. 1990b. Species determination in sauropod
Sauropods: Evolution and Paleobiology with an dinosaurs with tentative suggestions for their
classification. In: Carpenter, K., and Currie, P. J.
interview with Jack that records his thoughts on
(eds.) Dinosaur Systematics: Approaches and
the past, present, and future of sauropod stud-
Perspectives. Cambridge University Press,
ies. Perhaps the greatest attribute of sauropod
Cambridge.
dinosaurs is that they attract students like Jack, McIntosh, J.S. and D.S. Berman. 1975. Description
whose devotion and contagious enthusiam con- of the palate and lower jaw of Diplodocus
tinue after half a century. (Reptilia: Saurischia) with remarks on the
nature of the skull of Apatosaurus. Journal of
Berman, D.S. and J.S. McIntosh. 1978. Skull and Paleontology 49: 187–199.
relationships of the Upper Jurassic sauropod Ostrom, J.H. and J.S. McIntosh. 1966. Marsh’s
Apatosaurus (Reptilia, Saurischia). Bulletin of Dinosaurs. Yale University Press, New Haven,
the Carnegie Museum of Natural History 388 pp.
8: 1–35.

contents
Acknowledgments / ix 7 • POSTCRANIAL PNEUMATICITY IN SAUROPODS
AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR MASS
Introduction: Monoliths of the
ESTIMATES / 201
Mesozoic / 1 Mathew J. Wedel
Jeffrey A. Wilson and Kristina Curry Rogers
8 • THE EVOLUTION OF SAUROPOD LOCOMOTION:
MORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF A
1 • OVERVIEW OF SAUROPOD PHYLOGENY AND SECONDARILY QUADRUPEDAL RADIATION / 229
Matthew T. Carrano
EVOLUTION / 15
Jeffrey A. Wilson 9 • STEPS IN UNDERSTANDING SAUROPOD
BIOLOGY: THE IMPORTANCE OF SAUROPOD
2 • TITANOSAURIA: A PHYLOGENETIC
TRACKS / 252
OVERVIEW / 50
Joanna L. Wright
Kristina Curry Rogers
10 • NESTING TITANOSAURS FROM AUCA MAHUEVO
3 • PHYLOGENETIC AND TAXIC PERSPECTIVES ON
AND ADJACENT SITES: UNDERSTANDING
SAUROPOD DIVERSITY / 104
SAUROPOD REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR AND
Paul Upchurch and Paul M. Barrett
EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT / 285
Luis M.Chiappe, Frankie Jackson, Rodolfo
4 • SAUROPODOMORPH DIVERSITY THROUGH
A. Coria, and Lowell Dingus
TIME: MACROEVOLUTIONARY AND
PALEOECOLOGICAL IMPLICATONS / 125 11 • SAUROPOD HISTOLOGY: MICROSCOPIC VIEWS
Paul M. Barrett and Paul Upchurch ON THE LIVES OF GIANTS / 303
Kristina Curry Rogers and Gregory M.
5 • STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTION OF A SAUROPOD
Erickson
TOOTH BATTERY / 157
Paul C.Sereno and Jeffrey A. Wilson A Conversation with Jack McIntosh / 327
Jeffrey A. Wilson and Kristina Curry Rogers
6 • DIGITAL RECONSTRUCTIONS OF SAUROPOD
DINOSAURS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR List of Contributors / 335
FEEDING / 178 Index / 337
Kent A. Stevens and J. Michael Parrish
vii

acknowledgments
This volume was developed from a symposium their excellent papers and patience throughout
dedicated to Jack McIntosh presented at the the process of bringing this book to publication.
2001 Society of Vertebrate Paleontology annual We especially thank Blake Edgar (UC Press) for
meeting, which we convered with Dan Chure. initially supporting this project and his contin-
We thank Jack McIntosh for allowing us to ual guidance throughout.
organize a symposium in his honor. We also Most of all, we thank our partners, Ray
thank the participants of that symposium, most Rogers and Monica Wilson, for their love and
of whom authored chapters in this volume, for support.
ix