The Living Brain and Alzheimer’s Disease

187 Pages·2004·6.24 MB·English

by  Charles Duyckaerts

RESEARCH AND PERSPECTIVES IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
Fondation Ipsen
Editor
Yves Christen, Fondation Ipsen, Paris (France)
Editorial Board
Yves Agid, H6pital Pitie Salpetriere, Paris (France)
Albert Aguayo, McGill University, Montreal (Canada)
Brian H. Anderton, Institute of Psychiatry, London (GB)
Raymond T. Bartus, Alkermes, Cambridge (USA)
Anders Bjorklund, University of Lund (Sweden)
Floyd Bloom, Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, La Jolla (USA)
Franrois Boller, Inserm U 324, Paris (France)
Carl Cotman, University of California, Irvine (USA)
Peter Davies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York (USA)
Andre Delacourte, Inserm U 422, Lille (France)
Steven Ferris, New York University Medical Center, New York (USA)
Jean-Franrois Foncin, H6pital Pitie Salpetriere, Paris (France)
Franroise Forette, H6pital Broca, Paris (France)
Fred Gage, Salk Institute, La Jolla (USA)
Dmitry Goldgaber, State University of New York Stone Brook (USA)
John Hardy, National Institute of Health, Bethesda (USA)
Jean-Jacques Hauw, H6pital Pitie Salpetriere, Paris (France)
Claude Kordon, Inserm U 159, Paris (France)
Kenneth S. Kosik, Harvard Medical School, Center for Neurological
Diseases and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston (USA)
Jacques Mallet, H6pital Pitie Salpetriere, Paris (France)
Colin L. Masters, University of Melbourne, Parkville (Australia)
Stanley 1. Rapoport, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda (USA)
Andre Rascol, H6pital Purpan, Toulouse (France)
Barry Reisberg, New York University Medical Center, New York (USA)
Allen Roses, Duke University Medical Center, Durham (USA)
Dennis J. Selkoe, Harvard Medical School, Center of Neurological
Diseases and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston (USA)
Michael L. Shelanski, Columbia University, New York (USA)
Pierre-Marie Sinet, H6pital Necker, Paris (France)
Peter St. George-Hyslop, University of Toronto, Toronto (Canada)
Robert Terry, University of California, La Jolla (USA)
Edouard Zarifian, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Caen (France)
B.T. Hyman J.-F. Demonet
Y. Christen (Eds.)
The Living Brain
and Alzheimer's Disease
With 49 Figures and 8 Tables
~ Springer
Hyman. Bradley T., M.D, Ph.D. Christen, Yves, Ph.D.
Neurology Service, Warren 408 Fondation IPSEN
Massachusetts General Pour la Recherche Therapeutique
Hospital/Harvard Medical School 24, rue Erlanger
Fruit Street 75781 Paris Cedex 16
Boston, MA 02114 France
USA e-mail: [email protected]
E-mail: [email protected]
Demonet, Jean-Franfois, M.D.
Service Neurologie - Inserm U.455
CHU Hopital Purpan
Place du Dr. Baylac
31059 Toulouse Cedex 3
France
E-mail: [email protected]
ISSN 0945-6066
ISBN -13: 978-3-642-63927-2
Library of Congress-Cataloging-in-Publication-Data
The living brain and Alzheimer's disease 1 B.T. Hyman, J.-F. Demont, Y. Christen (eds.). p. ; cm.
(Research and perspectives in Alzheimer's disease) Proceedings of an intenational meeting, organized
by Fondation Ipsen, which took place in March 17,2003. Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN -13:978-3-642-63927 -2 e-ISBN-13 :978-3-642-59300-0
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-59300-0
1. Alzheimer's disease - Diagnosis - Congresses. 2. Alzheimer's disease - Imaging - Congresses. 3. Brain
-Diseseases - Congresses. 4. Alzheimer's disease -Animal models - Congresses. 5. Brain - Animal mod
els - Congresses. 6. Brain - Pathophysiology - Congresses. 7. Nervous system - Diseases - Diagnosis
- Congresses. I. Hyman, B.T. II. Demont, J.-F. (Jean-Francois) III. Christen, Yves. IV. Series.
[DNLM: 1. Alzheimer Disease - diagnosis. 2. Alzheimer Disease - physiopathology. 3. Brain - physiopa
thology. 4. Diagnosis Techniques, Neurological. WT 155 L 785 2004]
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Preface
Throughout the history of studies of Alzheimer's disease, there has been a dicho
tomy between the observations made by careful clinicians evaluating patients'
symptoms, cognitive function, and progression, weighing diagnostic and research
issues, and the neuropathologist on the other hand, who has the final say with re
gard to diagnosis, but has very little to say about what has happened to the brain
prior to autopsy. From large cross-sectional studies of autopsy material, it seems
as if a time course of disease, at least on average, can be mapped out: a pattern of
hierarchical vulnerability for neuronal loss and neurofibrillary tangles beginning
in medial temporal lobe structures like the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus,
proceeding through association areas. Plaques follow their own temporal course,
with widespread cortical deposits occurring even early in a disease process. The
whole process may well take twenty years, the first half of which may be without
overt symptoms.
How can we link the critical observations performed at autopsy with the events
that occur over the previous twenty years of the illness? This is the problem posed
to a group of our colleagues who are using state-of-the-art neural imaging me
thods in patients and in animal models to illuminate the natural history of the
disease - in the living brain.
The Fondation Ipsen thus organized an international meeting on this topic in
March 17,2003, and the proceedings are contained herein. The editors wish to
thank Mrs. Jacqueline Mervaillie for the organization of the meeting and Mary
Lynn Gage for the editing of the book.
May 2004 Bradley T. Hyman
Jean-Franr;ois Demonet
Yves Christen
Contents
Neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease, as Seen in Fixed Tissues
Charles Duyckaerts, Dominique Langui, Nadege Girardot,
Jean-Jacques Hauw, Benoit Delatour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1
Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease
Andreas Papassotiropoulos, Alessia Maddalena, Danielle Gretener,
Roger M. Nitsch, Christoph Hock ........................................ 17
The Living Brain and Alzheimer's Disease
Bradley T. Hyman ..................................................... 25
In Vivo Imaging of Alzheimer Pathology
in Transgenic Mice Using Multiphoton Microscopy
Brian J. Bacskai, William E. Klunk, Gregory A. Hickey, Jesse Skoch,
Stephen T. Kajdasz, Megan E. McLellan, Matthew P. Frosch,
Manik Debnath, Daniel Holt, Yanming Wang, Guo-feng Huang,
Chester A. Mathis, and Bradley T. Hyman ................................ 33
In Vivo Magnetic Resonance of Amyloid Plaques
in Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice
Einar M. Sigurdsson, YoussefZaim Wadghiri, Marcin Sadowski,
James 1. Elliott, Yongsheng Li, Henrieta Scholtzova, Cheuk Ying Tang,
Gilbert Aguilnaldo, Karen Duff, Daniel H. Turnbull,
Thomas Wisniewski ................................................... 47
Measuring Progression in Alzheimer's Disease Using Sserial MRI:
4DMRI
NC Fox, JM Schott, RI Scahill ........................................... 61
Validating MRI Measures of Disease Stage and Progression
in Alzheimer's Disease
Clifford R. Jack, Jr., M.D ............................................... 75
VIII Contents
Dynamic Mapping of Alzheimer's Disease
Paul M. Thompson, Kiralee M. Hayashi, Greig de Zubicaray,
Andrew L. Janke, Elizabeth R. Sowell, Stephen E. Rose, James Semple,
David Herman, Michael S. Hong, Stephanie S. Dittmer,
David M. Doddrell, Arthur W. Toga ................................... 87
Development of Benzothiazole Amyloid-Imaging Agents
William E. Klunk, Yanming Wang and Chester A. Mathis .................. 113
First PET Study with a Benzothiazol Amyloidimaging Agent (PIB) in
Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Hhealthy Volunteers
Henry Engler, Agneta Nordberg, William Klunk, Gunnar Blomqvist,
Daniel Holt, Yanming Wang, Mats Bergstrom, Guo-feng Huang,
Sergio Estrada, Manik Debnath, Julien Barletta, Johan Sandell,
Anders Wall,Gunnar Antoni, Chester Mathis, Bengt Langstrom ............. 123
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): Predicting Conversion to
Clinically Probable Alzheimer's Disease with Fluoro-Deoxy-Glucose PET
J-C Baron, G. Chitelat, B. Desgranges, F. Eustache ........................ 139
Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
in the Study of Cognitively Normal Persons at Differential
Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Dementia
Eric M. Reiman, Richard J. Caselli, Kewei Chen,
and Gene E. Alexander ............................................... 151
Subject Index ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 179
Contributors
Aguilnaldo, Gilbert
Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine,
New York, NY, USA
Alexander, Gene E.
Department of Psychology, Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Consortium,
1111 East Mc Dowell Road, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA
Antoni, Gunnar
Uppsala University, PET Centre/Uppsala Research Imaging Solutions AB,
Uppsala, Sweden
Bacskai, Brian, J.
Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology/Alzheimer's Disease
Research Laboratory, 114 16th Street, No 2850, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Barlettta, Julien
Department of Organic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Baron, Jean-Claude
University of Cambridge, Department of Neurology, Addenbrooke's Hospital,
Box 83, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK
Bergstrom, Mats
Uppsala University, PET Centre/Uppsala Research Imaging Solutions AB,
Uppsala, Sweden
Blomqvist, Gunnar
Uppsala University, PET Centre/Uppsala Research Imaging Solutions AB,
Uppsala, Sweden
Caselli, Richard J.
Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, and Arizona Alzheimer's
Disease Consortium, 1111 East McDowell Road, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA
X Contributors
Chen, Kewei
Department of Mathematics, Arizona State University,
Good Samaritan Positron Emission Tomography Center,
1111 East McDowell Road, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA
Chetelat, Gael.
INSERM E 218-University-Cyceron, 1400 Caen, France
De Zubicaray, Greig
Centre for Magnetic Resonance, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072,
Australia
Debnath, Manik
Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
PA 15213, USA
Delatour, Benoit
Laboratoire NAMC CNRS UMR 8620, 91405 Orsay, France
Desgranges, B.
INSERM E 218-University-Cyceron, 1400 Caen, France
Dittmer, Stephanie S.
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Brain Mapping Division, Department of
Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles,
CA 90095, USA
Doddrell, David M.
Centre for Magnetic Resonance, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072,
Australia
Duff, Karen
Nathan S. Kline Institutes, New York University, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
Duyckaerts, Charles
Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Association Claude
Bernard, CHU Pitie-Salpetriere, 75013 Paris, and INSERM U 106, France
Elliott, James, I.
Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University,
New Haven, CT 06510, USA
Engler, Henry
Uppsala University, PET Centre/Uppsala Research Imaging Solutions AB,
Uppsala , Sweden
Contributors XI
Estrada, Sergio
Uppsala University, PET Centre/Uppsala Research Imaging Solutions AB,
Uppsala, Sweden
Eustache, F.
INSERM E 218-University-Cyceron, 1400 Caen, France
Fox, NickC
National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square,
London WCIN 3BG, UK
Frosch, Matthew P.
Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology/Alzheimer's Disease
Research Laboratory, 114 16th Street, No 2850, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Girardot, Nadege
Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymoand Escourolle, Association Claude
Bernard, CHU Pitie-Salpetriere, 75013 Paris, and INSERM U 106, France
Gretener, Danielle
Division of Psychiatry Research, University of Zurich, Lenggstr. 31, 8029 Zurich,
Switzerland
Hauw, Jean-Jacques
Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Association Claude
Bernard, CHU Pitie-Salpetriere, 75013 Paris, and INSERM U 360, France
Hayashi, Kiralee M.
Laboratory ofNeuro Imaging, Brain Mapping Division,
Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza,
os Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Herman, David
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Brain Mapping Division,
Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza,
Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Hickey, Gregory, A.
Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology/Alzheimer's Disease
Research Laboratory, 114 16th Street, No 2850, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Hock, Christoph
Division of Psychiatry Research, University of Zurich, Lenggstr. 31, 8029 Zurich,
Switzerland
XII Contributors
Holt, Daniel
Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
PA 15213, USA
Hong, Michael S.
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, Brain Mapping Division,
Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, 710 Westwood Plaza,
Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
Huang, Guo-Feng
Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
PA 15213, USA
Hyman, Bradley, T.
Neurology Service, Warren 408,
Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Fruit Street,
Boston, MA 02114, USA
Jack, Clifford R. Jr.
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester,
MN 55905, USA
Janke, Andrew L.
Centre for Magnetic Resonance, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072,
Australia
Kajdasz, Stephen T.
Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Neurology/Alzheimer's Disease
Research Laboratory, 114 16th Street, No 2850, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Kewei, Chen
Department of Mathematics, Arizona State University, Good Samaritan Positron
Emission Tomography Center and Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Consortium,
1111 East McDowell Road, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA
Klunk, William E.
Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
PA 15213, USA
Langstrom, Bengt
Uppsala University, PET Centre/Uppsala Research Imaging Solutions AB,
and Department of Organic Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
Langui, Dominique
Laboratoire de Neuropathologie Raymond Escourolle, Association Claude
Bernard, CHU Pitie-Salpetriere, 75013 Paris, and INSERM U 106, France