Table Of ContentOceanology of China Seas
Volume 1
Editorial Board
Editor-in-chief ZHOU DI
LIANG YUAN-BO
ZENG CHENG-KUI (C. K. TSENG)
Editors
Part I. HU DUN-XIN
Part II. GU HONG-KAN
Part III. ZENG CHENG-KUI (c. K. TSENG)
ZHENG SHOU-YI
Pert IV. ZHOU DI
XIA KAN-YUAN
Part V. REN MEI-E
Part VI. GUAN DING-HUA
LIANG YUAN-BO
Responsible Editor PAN YU
Oceanology of China Seas
Volume 1
Edited by
ZHOUDI
LIANG YUAN-BO
South China Sea Institute of Oceanology,
Academia Sinica, Guangzhou, China
and
ZENG CHENG-KUI (c. K. Tseng)
Institute of Oceanology,
Academia Sinica, Qingdao, China
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
PORDRECHT / BOSTON / LONDON
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 0-7923-2616-4 (Vol. 1)
ISBN 0-7923-2618-0 (Set of 2 Volumes)
Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
P.O. Box 17,3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Kluwer Academic Publishers incorporates
the publishing programmes of
D. Reidel, Martinus Nijhoff, Dr W. Junk and MTP Press.
Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada
by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A.
In all other countries, sold and distributed
by K1uwer Academic Publishers Group,
P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 1994 Kluwer Academic Publishers
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Contributors ix
Preface
ZENG Cheng-kui (CX. TSENG) xiii
PART I. PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
Introduction
HU Dun-xin 1
Water Masses in China Seas
SU Yu-song and WENG Xue-chuan 3
Patterns and Structures of the Currents in Bohai, Huanghai and East China Seas
GUAN Bing-xian 17
Some Striking Features of Circulation in Huanghai sea and East China Sea
HU Dun-xin 27
Current Characteristics of South China Sea
HUANG Qi-zhou, WANG Wen-zhi, Y.S. U and C.W. U 39
On the Variation of Kuroshio in East China Sea
SUN Xiang-ping and SU Yujen 49
Kuroshio Intrusion and Taiwan Warm Current
SU Ji-/an, PAN Yu-qiu and UANG Xiang-san 59
A Prognostic Model of the Winter Circulation in East China Sea
YUAN Yao-chu, SU Ji-/an and NI Ju-jen 71
A Langrangian Model of Circulation in Bohai Sea
FENG Shi-zuo, ZHANG Shu-zhen and XI Pan-gen 83
Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of the Water Circulation
in South China Sea
WANG Wen-zhi, HUANG Qi-zhou, Y.S. U and Z.W. U 91
vi
Tides and Tidal Currents in East China Sea, Huanghai Sea and Bohai Sea
FANG Guo-hong 101
Tides, Tidal Currents and Stonn Surge Set-Up of South China Sea
HUANG Qi-zhou, WANG Wen-zhi and CHEN Jun-chang 113
Studies on Wave Climatology, Statistics and Dynamics of Bonai,
Huanghai and East China Seas
YUAN Ye-li 123
Waves in South China Sea
SUI Shi-feng 135
Marine Hydrologic Forecasts in China
DU Bi-lan and HAN Zhong-nan 141
PART II. MARINE CHEMISTRY
Introduction
GU Hong-kan 155
Marine Chemistry in Northern Seas of China
ZHANG Shou-lin and GU Hong-kan 157
Marine Chemistry of South China Sea
HAN Wu-ying, LIN Hong-ying, CAl Yan-ya and RONG Rong-gui 171
Geochemistry of Major Chinese River-Estuary Systems
ZHANG Jing, HUANG Wei-wen and llU Ming-guang 179
The Development of Marine Radiochemistry in China
LI Pei-quan, YU Yin-ting and WU, Yun 189
Biogeochemical Studies of Biologically Important Elements in the Taiwan Strait
HONG Hua-sheng and DAl Ming-han 201
Pollution and Pollution Monitoring in Northern Seas of China
ZHANG Shou-lin and GU Hong-kan 213
PART Ill. MARINE BIOLOGY
Introduction
ZENG Cheng-kui (CX. TSENG) and ZHENG, Shou-yi 225
vii
Primary Productivity and Phytoplankton in China Seas
GUO Yu-jie 227
Zooplankton of China Seas
CHEN Qing-chao 243
Foraminiferal Faunal Trends in China Seas
ZHENG Shou-yi and FU Zhao-xian 255
Radiolaria in East China Sea
TAN Zhi-yuan 275
Nektons of China Seas
XU Gong·zhao and ZHENG Wen-lian 281
Biofouling and Fouling Organisms of China Seas
HUANG Zong-guo and YAN Song-kai 291
Aquaculture of Marine Algae in China
ZENG Cheng-kui (C K. TSENG) 303
Scallop Mariculture in China
ZHANG Fu-sui 321
Mariculture of Penaeid Shrimp in China
UU Rui-yu (J.Y. UU) and CAO Deng-gong 331
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART IV. MARINE GEOLOGY
Introduction
ZHOU Di 345
The Geology and Petroleum Resources of Northern China Seas
WANG Shan-shu 347
Basin Evolution and Hydrocarbon Potential of the Northern South China Sea
RU Ke, ZHOU Di and CHEN Han-zong 361
Geological Structure and Geophysical Characteristics of Nansha Block in
Southern South China Sea
XIA Kan-yuan and HUANG Ci-liu 373
Neogene Biostratigraphy of Zhujiangkou Basin, South China Sea:
A Quantitative Study
ZHOU Di and WANG Ping 385
Sedimentation in Northern China Seas
QIN Yun-shan 395
Basic Characteristics of Modern Sedimentation in South China Sea
SU Guang-qing and WANG Tian-xing 407
Paleoceanography in China: Progress and Problems
WANG Pin-xian 419
PART V. COASTAL RESEARCH
Introduction
REN Mei-e 431
Relative Sea Level Changes in China over the Last Eighty Years
REN Mei-e 433
Tidal Flats in China
WANG Ying and ZHU Da-kui 445
vi
Stratigraphic Models of Barrier-Lagoon Systems in the Coastal Zones of China
U Cong-xian and WANG Ping 457
Dynamic Geomorphic Systems of South China Coast
YUAN Jia-yi, ZHAO Huan-ting, LU Tie-song, SONG Chao-jing and
ZHANG Qiao-min 465
Modem Coral Reefs in South China Sea
GUO Li-fen, NIE Bao{u, ZHU Yuan-zhi and ZHONG Jin-liang 477
Distribution and Formation of Littoral Placer Deposits in China
XU Dong-yu and TAN Qi-xin 487
Improvement of Natural Environments of Coastal Zone in South China
ZHAO Huan-ting, LU Tie-song and ZHENG De-yan 497
PART VI. MARINE PHYSICS AND TECHNOLOGY
Some Recent Advances in Underwater Acoustics in China
GUAN Ding-hua 509
Technology for Oceanographic Research and Investigation in China
U Yun-wu and U Jing-guang 517
The Optical Information Transmission in the Ocean
UU Zhi-shen 523
An Inversion Method for Obtaining Bottom Reflection Loss
WANG Qin and ZHANG Ren-he 533
Multiplex Function Manganese Nodule Sounding System
UAO Yun-he 541
Acoustic Discrimination of Seafloor Properties
UANG Yuan-bo, LU Bo and WONG How Kin 547
Ocean Wave Directional Spectra by Optical Methods
HE Ming-xia, ZHAO Chang{ang and ZHANG Xiao-dong 557
Statistical Characteristics of Sound Transmission and Signal Detection
in Shallow Sea
Xu Tiang-zeng 565
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Volume 1
CAl Yan-ya South China Sea IllStitute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, Guangzhou 510301, China
CAO Deng-gong IllStitute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, Qingdao 266071, China
CHEN lun-chang South China Sea Institute ofO ceanology, Academia Sinica, Guangzhou 510301, China
CHEN Qing-chao South China Sea Illstitute ofO ceanology, Academia Sinica, Guangzhou 510301, China
DAI Ming-han Environmelltal Science Research Centre, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
DUB i- Ian China IllStitlite for Marine Development Strategy, State Oceanic Administration, Beijing 100081, China
FANG Guo-hong Institllte of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, Qingdao 266071, China
FENG Shi-zuo College of Physical and Environmelltal Oceanography, Ocean University of Qingdao
Qillgdao 266003, Chula
FU Zhao-xian IllStitute of Oceanology, Academia Sillica, Qillgdao 266071, China
GU Hong-kan Illstitute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, Qingdao 266071, China
GUAN Bing-xian Institlite of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, Qillgdao 266071, Chilla
GUO Yu-jie (Y.l. GUO) Illstitute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, QUlgdao 266071, Chula
HAN Wu-ying South Chula Sea IllStitute of Oceanology, Academia Sinica, Guangzhou 510301, China
HAN Zhong-nan National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, State Oceanic Administration,
Beijulg 100081, Chilla
HONG Hua-sheng Ellvirollmelltal Science Research Centre, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, ChUla
HU Dun-xin IllStitute of Oceanology, Academia Sillica, Qingdao 266071, ChUla
HUANG Qi-zhou SOllth China SeaIllStitute ofO ceanology, Academic Sinica, Guangzho1l510301, ChUla
HUNAG Wei-wen Department of Marine Chemistry, Ocean University ofQingdao, QUlgdao 266003, China
HUAN G Zong- guo Third Illstilllte of Oceanology, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen 361005, Chilla
LI Pei-quan IllStitute of Oceanology, Academia Sillica, QiJlgdao 266071, China
LI Y. S. (Y. S. LI) Departmellt of Civil alld Stntctural Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic, Hong Kong
LI Z. W (Z. W LI) Department of Civil and Stntctural Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic, Hong Kong
LIANG Xiang-san Second Illstitllte ofO ceanography, State Oceanic Administration, HangzhoIl310012, ChUla
ix
