Table Of ContentDEMOCRATIC SOCIETY AND HUMAN NEEDS
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McGill-Queen’s Studies in the History of Ideas
SeriesEditor:PhilipJ.Cercone
1 Problems of Cartesianism 10 Consent, Coercion, and Limit
Edited by Thomas M. Lennon, The Medieval Origins of
John M. Nicholas, and John W. Davis Parliamentary Democracy
2 The Development of the Idea Arthur P. Monahan
of History in Antiquity
11 Scottish Common Sense in
Gerald A. Press
Germany,1768–1800
3 Claude Buffier and Thomas Reid A Contribution to the History
Two Common-Sense Philosophers of Critical Philosophy
Louise Marcil-Lacoste Manfred Kuehn
4 Schiller, Hegel, and Marx
12 Paine and Cobbett
State, Society, and the Aesthetic
The Transatlantic Connection
Ideal of Ancient Greece
David A. Wilson
Philip J. Kain
5 John Case and Aristotelianism in 13 Descartes and the Enlightenment
Renaissance England Peter A. Schouls
Charles B. Schmitt 14 Greek Scepticism
6 Beyond Liberty and Property Anti-Realist Trends in Ancient
The Process of Self-Recognition in Thought
Eighteenth-Century Political Leo Groarke
Thought
15 The Irony of Theology
J.A.W. Gunn
and the Nature of Religious
7 John Toland: His Methods, Thought
Manners, and Mind Donald Wiebe
Stephen H. Daniel
16 Form and Transformation
8 Coleridge and the Inspired Word
A Study in the Philosophy
Anthony John Harding
of Plotinus
9 The Jena System,1804–5:
Frederic M. Schroeder
Logic and Metaphysics
G.W. F. Hegel 17 From Personal Duties
Translation edited by towards Personal Rights
John W. Burbidge and Late Medieval and Early Modern
George di Giovanni Political Thought, c.1300–c.1650
Introduction and notes by H.S. Harris Arthur P. Monahan
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18 The Main Philosophical Writings 28 Enlightenment and Community
and the NovelAllwill Lessing, Abbt, Herder, and the
Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi Quest for a German Public
Translated and edited by Benjamin W. Redekop
George di Giovanni
29 Jacob Burckhardt and
19 Kierkegaard as Humanist the Crisis of Modernity
Discovering My Self John R. Hinde
Arnold B. Come
30 The Distant Relation
20 Durkheim, Morals, and Modernity
Time and Identity in Spanish-
W. Watts Miller
American Fiction
21 The Career of Toleration Eoin S. Thomson
John Locke, Jonas Proast, and After
31 Mr Simson’s Knotty Case
Richard Vernon
Divinity, Politics, and Due Process
22 Dialectic of Love in Early Eighteenth-Century
Platonism in Schiller’s Aesthetics Scotland
David Pugh Anne Skoczylas
23 History and Memory
32 Orthodoxy and Enlightenment
in Ancient Greece
George Campbell in the Eighteenth
Gordon Shrimpton
Century
24 Kierkegaard as Theologian Jeffrey M. Suderman
Recovering My Self
33 Contemplation and Incarnation
Arnold B. Come
The Theology of Marie-Dominique
25 Enlightenment and Conservatism Chenu
in Victorian Scotland Christophe F. Potworowski
The Career of Sir Archibald Alison
34 Democratic Legitimacy
Michael Michie
Plural Values and Political Power
26 The Road to Egdon Heath
F.M. Barnard
The Aesthetics of the Great
in Nature 35 Herder on Nationality, Humanity,
Richard Bevis and History
F.M. Barnard
27 Jena Romanticism and Its
Appropriation of Jakob Böhme 36 Labeling People
Theosophy – Hagiography – French Scholars on Society, Race,
Literature and Empire,1815–1848
Paolo Mayer Martin S. Staum
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37 The Subaltern Appeal 40 Reason and Self-Enactment
to Experience in History and Politics
Self-Identity, Late Modernity, and Themes and Voices of Modernity
the Politics of Immediacy F.M. Barnard
Craig Ireland
41 The More Moderate Side
38 The Invention of of Joseph de Maistre
Journalism Ethics Views on Political Liberty and
The Path to Objectivity and Beyond Political Economy
Stephen J.A. Ward Cara Camcastle
39 The Recovery of Wonder 42 Democratic Society and
The New Freedom and Human Needs
the Asceticism of Power Jeff Noonan
Kenneth L. Schmitz
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DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY AND
HUMAN NEEDS
Jeff Noonan
McGill-Queen’s University Press
Montreal & Kingston London Ithaca
(cid:2) (cid:2)
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© McGill–Queen’sUniversityPress2006
isbn-13:978-0-7735-3120-8 isbn-10:0-7735-3120-3
Legaldepositfourthquarter2006
BibliothèquenationaleduQuébec
PrintedinCanadaonacid-freepaper
Thisbookhasbeenpublishedwiththehelpofagrantfromthe
CanadianFederationfortheHumanitiesandSocialSciences,
throughtheAidtoScholarlyPublicationsProgramme,using
fundsprovidedbytheSocialSciencesandHumanitiesResearch
CouncilofCanada.Agranthasalsobeenreceivedfromthe
UniversityofWindsor,OfficeoftheDean,FacultyofArtsand
Sciences.
McGill-Queen’sUniversityPressacknowledgesthesupportofthe
CanadaCouncilfortheArtsforourpublishingprogram.Wealso
acknowledgethefinancialsupportoftheGovernmentofCanada
throughtheBookPublishingIndustryDevelopmentProgram
(bpidp)forourpublishingactivities.
LibraryandArchivesCanadaCataloguinginPublication
Noonan,Jeff
Democraticsocietyandhumanneeds/JeffNoonan.
(McGill-Queen’sstudiesinthehistoryofideas;42)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
isbn-13:978-0-7735-3120-8 isbn-10:0-7735-3120-3
1.Democracy–Moralandethicalaspects.2.Democracy–Social
aspects.3.Capitalism–Politicalaspects.4.Capitalism–Moral
andethicalaspects.5.Socialism.i.Title.ii.Series.
jc423.n6292006 321.8 c2006-903087-1
TypesetbyJayTeeGraphicsLtd.inNewBaskerville10/12
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Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction:TowardaRenewedCritiqueofLiberalCapitalism xi
part one the emergence of liberal
social morality
1 TheSocialContextofEarlyLiberalTheory 3
2 TheEvolutionofRights-BasedSocialMorality:
HobbestoJamesMill 10
3 CaseStudyinAnti-DemocraticLiberalism:
ThePropertyDefenceLeague 38
4 LiberalRights-BasedSocialMoralityandItsSocial
Presuppositions 44
part two the emergence of needs-based
social morality
5 CapitalismasMoralRevolution 53
6 GerrardWinstanley:FreedomandtheNeedsofLife 59
7 TheDialecticofRightsandNeedsintheFrenchRevolution 69
8 NeedsandSocialStrugglesinEnglandandFrancein
theNineteenthCentury 91
9 SocialismandDemocraticNeedSatisfaction 111
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viii Contents
part three the evolution of classical
liberal social morality
10 SocialRights 133
11 JohnRawls:Self-Determination–MoralorMaterial? 141
12 Habermas’sOne-DimensionalDemocracy 159
13 ChantalMouffe:TheSelf-Contradictions
of“Political”Democracy 185
part four a project for social democratization
14 TheReactionAgainstSocialDemocratization 201
15 Needs-BasedSocialMorality,theLifeGroundofValue,
andtheGoodforHumanBeings 214
16 NegotiatedCoordinationandtheProjectfor
aDemocraticSociety 227
Bibiliography 249
Index 259
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Acknowledgments
plato idealized the philosopher as a solitary contemplator of the
truth, but his own practice, and the practice of every philosopher who
has succeeded him, puts paid to that myth. Philosophy presupposes
content, and content presupposes the existence of a world outside the
thinkerandthethoughtsofothersaboutthatworld.Hence,whileone
must take responsibility for the contributions to philosophical inquiry
andcriticismthatonetriestomake,onealsoincursinnumerabledebts
in the struggle to make one’s case. These debts are in the first place
general, to those who make intellectual work possible. I must, there-
fore, first thank my family and my partner, Josephine, without whose
supportIwouldnotbewhereIamtoday.ImustalsothanktheOfficeof
the Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Social Science for its support. As
well, my colleagues in the Philosophy Department at the University of
Windsor have been endlessly supportive of my work over the past nine
years. Particular debts are also incurred along the way of writing and
refining a book. In this regard I would like to thank my research assis-
tantsoverthepastthreeyearsHeatherGreig,PetrCarvalho,andHolly
Sweet, who patiently tracked down articles and references. Particular
thanks are also owed to my colleague Deborah Cook, whose expertise,
particularly with regard to Habermas, was essential in developing my
ownthinking.EvanSimpsonofMemorialUniversityreadaspectsofthe
argument about needs in a different permutation, and his comments
sharpenedmyownthinking.DiscussionswithAlison Assiter of the Uni-
versity of the West of England also opened my eyes to certain tensions
inmyunderstandingofneeds.VictorWillis,oftheParkdaleAreaRecre-
ation Centre, graciously gave his time to discuss his centre’s housing
project. The anonymous readers chosen by McGill-Queen’s Press pro-
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