Table Of Content“This lively and richly-documented study goes D’ANDREA
C
beyond social and religious themes and directly
ivic Christianity in Renaissance Italy: The
addresses some of the key political questions of
the Renaissance: the relations of center and Hospital of Treviso, 1400–1530 explores
periphery in the early modern state, the infor- the often subtle and sometimes harsh
mal exercise of power in subject cities, the con-
Civic Christianity realities of life on the Venetian mainland. Focusing
struction of social order through charity, medical C
on the confraternity of Santa Maria dei Battuti and
care, and popular religion, and the relation of
lay and clerical elements in civic religion. Neces- i its Ospedale, the book addresses a number of well-
v in Renaissance Italy
sary reading for those wanting to know what established and newly articulated historiographical
i
made the Renaissance city tick.” c questions: the governance of territorial states, the
--8--
Nicholas TeRpsTRa, University of Toronto, C civic and religious role of confraternities, the status
author of Lay Confraternities and Civic Religion The Hospital of Treviso, 1400-1530
of women and marginalized groups, and popular reli-
in Renaissance Bologna and Abandoned Chil- h
gious devotion. Adapting the objectives and methods
dren of the Italian Renaissance: Orphan Care in
r
Florence and Bologna of microhistory, D’Andrea has written neither a tradi-
i
s David M. D’ Andrea
tional history of political subjugation nor a straight-
“as lucid an account of confraternity life as one t
i forward survey of poor relief. Instead, thematic
could hope to find, this study lays bare the myr-
a
chapters survey the activities of a powerful religious
iad ways in which religion permeated the social
n
fabric at the dawn of the modern age, and the brotherhood (Santa Maria dei Battuti) and document
i
role it played in the creation of a new civic con- t the interconnected local, regional, and international
sciousness. Based on meticulous archival research, y
factors that fashioned the social world of Venetian
Civic Christianity in Renaissance Italy enhances
our understanding of several topics at once, as i subjects. The book covers one of the most dynamic
n
all great books do: the history of Venice and periods in early modern history and culminates in
Treviso, and also the history of medicine, popu- R the first decades of the sixteenth century, when war,
lar piety, confraternities, urban poor relief, and
famine, and disease strained the resources of Venice
religious reform. a remarkable achievement.” e
and shook the allegiance of subject cities.
n
caRlos M. N. eiRe, Riggs professor of history and
Religious studies, Yale University, and author of a Grounded in previously unexplored archival mate-
From Madrid to Purgatory: The Art and Craft of i
s rial, the book is an innovative study of the nexus
Dying in Sixteenth Century Spain
s between local religion and Venetian territorial
a
power, providing scholars with this first scholarly
n
monograph of the city that served as the keystone
c
of Venice’s mainland empire. This original approach
e
to the critical relationship between provincial pow-
I
ers and the central government also contributes to
t
a other important areas of historical inquiry, including
l
the history of popular religion, poor relief, medicine,
y
and education.
David M. D’Andrea is associate professor
Jacket image: Bartolomeo Orioli, Procession UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER PRESS of history at Oklahoma State University.
with the Relic of the Holy Cross (1625). 668 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620-2731
Courtesy of Casa Editrice Canova, Treviso.
P.O. Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk, IP12 3DF, UK
Jacket design: Michel Godts eDesign www.urpress.com
C C R I
IVIC HRISTIANITY IN ENAISSANCE TALY
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Changing Perspectives on
Early Modern Europe
James B. Collins, Professor of History, Georgetown University
Mack P. Holt, Professor of History, George Mason University
(ISSN 1542–3905)
Changing Perspectives on Early Modern Europe brings forward the latest
research on Europe during the transformation from the medieval to the modern
world. The series publishes innovative scholarship on the full range of topical
and geographic fields and includes works on cultural, economic, intellectual,
political, religious, and social history.
Private Ambition and Political Alliances:
The Phélypeaux de Pontchartrain Family
and Louis XIV’s Government, 1650–1715
Sara E. Chapman
The Politics of Piety: Franciscan Preachers
During the Wars of Religion, 1560–1600
Megan C. Armstrong
“By My Absolute Royal Authority”:
Justice and the Castilian Commonwealth
at the Beginning of the First Global Age
J. B. Owens
Meat Matters:
Butchers, Politics, and Market Culture
in Eighteenth-Century Paris
Sydney Watts
Civic Christianity in Renaissance Italy:
The Hospital of Treviso, 1400–1530
David M. D’Andrea
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C C
IVIC HRISTIANITY IN
R I
ENAISSANCE TALY
The Hospital of Treviso, 1400–1530
David M. D’Andrea
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER PRESS
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Copyright © 2007 David M. D’Andrea
All rights reserved. Except as permitted under current legislation,
no part of this work may be photocopied, stored in a retrieval system,
published, performed in public, adapted, broadcast, transmitted,
recorded, or reproduced in any form or by any means, without the
prior permission of the copyright owner.
First published 2007
University of Rochester Press
668 Mt. Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620, USA
www.urpress.com
and Boydell & Brewer Limited
PO Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP12 3DF, UK
www.boydellandbrewer.com
ISBN-13: 978-1-58046-239-6
ISBN-10: 1-58046-239-1
ISSN: 1542–3905
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
D’Andrea, David Michael.
Civic Christianity in renaissance Italy : the Hospital of Treviso, 1400–1530 /
David Michael D’Andrea.
p. cm. — (Changing perspectives on early modern Europe, ISSN 1542–3905)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-1-58046-239-6 (hardcover : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 1-58046-239-1
1. Santa Maria dei battuti (Confraternity : Treviso, Italy)—History.
2. Ospedale di Santa Maria dei Battuti (Treviso, Italy)—History. 3. Treviso
(Italy)—Church history. I. Title.
BX814.S26D36 2007
267 '.2424536—dc22
2006031002
A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library.
This publication is printed on acid-free paper.
Printed in the United States of America.
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C
ONTENTS
List of Illustrations vii
Acknowledgments ix
List of Abbreviations xi
Notes to the Reader xiii
Introduction 1
Chapter 1
The City of God 13
Chapter 2
The Confraternal Family 39
Chapter 3
The Bonds and Bounds of Charity 58
Chapter 4
Medical Care and Public Health 85
Chapter 5
Instruction for This Life and the Next 109
Chapter 6
Crisis and Reform 133
Notes 149
Bibliography 193
Index 209
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I
LLUSTRATIONS
Figures
1 Map of northern Italy in the sixteenth century 8
2 Map of Trevigiano in the sixteenth century 9
3 Ground plan of hospital (Venetian map, 1791) 18
4 Nineteenth-century view of hospital clock tower 19
5 Nineteenth-century view of hospital and wharf 20
6 Orioli, Procession with the Relic of the Holy Cross 22
7 Treviso city center, principal religious and civic spaces 28
8 Santa Maria dei Battuti House in San Marziale, Venice 36
Tables
2.1 Santa Maria dei Battuti membership by
occupation (1400–1560) 45
4.1 Payments to Pietro the Apothecary by the Hospital of the
Battuti, 1446–47 92
vii
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A
CKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study of a community’s effort to care for others was itself a product
of sacrifice, collaboration, and discussion. I must first thank my disserta-
tion advisors, Duane Osheim and Anne Jacobson Schutte, who have spent
nearly a decade giving me sound advice and encouragement. The world of
Venetian scholarship is vibrant and accommodating, and among those who
have provided expert advice in the archives and caffès of Venice are Fran-
cesco Bianchi, Julia DeLancey, Eric Dursteler, James Grubb, Holly Hurl-
burt, Michael Knapton, Benjamin Kohl, Reinhold Mueller, Dennis Romano,
Helena Szepe, and Gian Maria Varanini. Other scholars offered valuable
suggestions as I defined and reworked my study, especially Mauro Carboni,
Nicholas Terpstra, and Konrad Eisenbichler. My struggle to understand the
largely unexplored archives in Treviso was made easier with the generosity
of Angela Möschter, Matthieu Schermer, and Christian Zürcher, European
graduate students who shared their research with me.
Civic pride still runs strong in Treviso, and a number of local scholars
shared their research and enthusiasm with me, including Giovanni Battista
Tozzato, Ermanno Orlando, Francesca Pastro, and Ivano Sartor. I owe a spe-
cial thanks to Giampaolo Cagnin and Danilo Gasparini, dedicated scholars
whose knowledge of the Trevisan archives and generosity to foreign scholars
is unsurpassed. My visits to Treviso were always more enjoyable because of
the warm hospitality provided by the Viscuso family. In Venice, Antonella
Mallus and Paolo Rosa Salva shared with me their unique perspectives on
Venice, past and present.
Long hours in Italian reading rooms were made more productive because
of helpful and professional assistance. The Archivio di Stato di Treviso was
especially important to this study, and I must thank Francesca Cavazzana
Romanelli, who first introduced me to the hospital’s archive, and her suc-
cessors as director, Alessandra Schiavon and Franco Rossi. The Biblioteca
Capitolare, under the guidance of the learned Monsignor Luigi Pesce and
staffed by Nino Mulas and Signora Fia Cocchetto, was an engaging place
to work. Emilio Lippi, director of the Biblioteca Comunale, and Gianluigi
Perino, head of the manuscript room, offered kind assistance. I would also
like to thank the staff of the archives and libraries in Venice, namely the
Archivio di Stato, the Marciana Library, and the Museo Correr.
Research for the book and its publication has been supported by a num-
ber of organizations and institutions. A Fulbright grant allowed me to spend
ix
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